How to build a columnar foundation from asbestos pipes with your own hands. How to make a foundation from asbestos-cement pipes? Foundation from asbestos-cement pipes technology

Any capital construction begins with the construction of a foundation, on which walls and the structure as a whole are installed. One of the most popular foundation options today is the pile foundation. A support made of metal pipes is a fairly convenient variety for the construction of one-story buildings, outbuildings, garages and small houses.

The arrangement of a pile foundation is a fairly simple process that is even faster than the construction of a monolithic or strip foundation. In addition, the foundation of piles is universal, since it can be used on various types of soil, including floating and heaving soils. Depending on which piles are selected, such a foundation is able to withstand various loads.

Support characteristics

The main feature of the foundation of asbestos pipes is the process of its construction. Externally, such a base consists of pillars installed at the corners, as well as at the locations of load-bearing walls at a distance of one to three meters from each other. The main advantage of the foundation of asbestos pipes is the speed of its construction, as well as relatively low financial costs.

Moreover, in order to equip the foundation of the supports, a very small amount of concrete mortar is required. If for a strip or monolithic foundation it is necessary to first dig a pit or trench, then this is not required for a pile foundation, just make a few wells. Accordingly, it also saves time and money for the owner of the site.

If you follow all the necessary rules and construction technologies, pipe piles, like the foundation as a whole, will last a long time and will maintain the strength of the entire structure for many years. It is important to consider when arranging a pile foundation that it will not work to create a basement in this way. Most often, pile foundations are used in areas with uneven ground, for example, on slopes, or in areas with weak soil, where a monolith or strip foundation will collapse.

Supports for pile foundations are made from a variety of materials, such as asbestos cement, concrete, metal, wood or brick. The most durable are the foundations of concrete and asbestos-cement pipes and pillars. Such supports have several advantages:

Very high level of strength.
Great speed of construction work.
The resistance of the material to spreading.

Another important advantage of using supports for arranging the foundation is the absence of the need to use heavy and large construction equipment. As a rule, in fact, it turns out to be enough to use an ordinary drill, a concrete mixer, as well as standard improvised tools. The advantages of the base of the supports are:

Simplified procedure for conducting communication systems.
In comparison with the construction of a monolithic or strip foundation, less laborious construction work, as well as lower cost of materials and less physical effort.
Protection of the building from flooding during periods of river flow and heavy rainfall. The fact is that the main part of the structure, when using a pile foundation, is located about 30 centimeters above the ground, and sometimes more.
No need to carry out any excavation work, since there is no need to dig a pit or trench.
High speed of all work, no need to spend extra time waiting for the concrete to dry.

Despite the considerable number of advantages of the foundation with piles, such a foundation also has a number of disadvantages that must be taken into account:

The pile foundation cannot be used in areas where there are too large differences in height, as well as moving layers of soil that lie deep enough.
The use of supports for piles allows you to install buildings with a small mass on such a foundation. This is especially true for PVC pipes. For this reason, the foundation on pipes is used mainly only for the construction of one-story buildings.
The inability to organize a basement or basement.
The duration of use of the foundation of pipe structures, as a rule, does not exceed 85 years, which is much less than the service life of other types of foundations.

Varieties of columnar base

A pile for can be made from various types of products. The following are actively used in construction:

asbestos-cement;
wooden;
concrete;
metal;
plastic.

The foundation, made on piles of asbestos-cement pipes, is considered the most durable. In addition, such a foundation has a number of other advantages:

Asbestos products have a low cost, which reduces the final cost of all work.
To equip a foundation of this type, it is not necessary to additionally construct a formwork for pouring concrete mortar.
No special equipment is needed to install asbestos products.
Before mounting the supports, it is not necessary to create a special cushion of sand and gravel.

In addition to asbestos products, other types of supports and technologies are used in the construction of the foundation. For example, the manufacture of supports and piles from steel pipes is quite common. In addition, for the construction of small light buildings, the use of piles made of plastic pipes is common.

Stages of construction: detailed instructions

Preparatory work

Before making a foundation, it is necessary to study the site on which construction work will be carried out. The first step is to determine the following factors:

Estimated total weight of the entire structure.
Depth of soil freezing.
Features of the soil in the selected area, as well as the characteristics of the soil layers.
Depth of aquifers.

We make markup

Then, taking into account all the features of the territory, it is necessary to mark the site and designate the places where the future piles will be located. In order for the pipes to become well and maintain a stable position, deep enough wells are made. They can be made independently with a gasoline-powered drill, or using a hand tool.

Drilling of the wells

Pipes must be installed at the corners of the future building, as well as in places where the walls of the building will intersect. As a rule, asbestos-cement pipes are installed along the perimeter of the structure at a distance of 1.5-2 meters from each other. Holes must be drilled in such a way that their depth is about half a meter lower than the depth of soil freezing. On average, the depth of the well is about two meters. The diameter of the hole is selected depending on the width of the pipes. Installed supports should rise above the ground by 50 centimeters.

Reinforcement

After preparing the wells and installing asbestos-cement pipes in them, additional steps must be taken to fix the support in the soil. You can do this in two ways:

Pour the inner surface of the pipe and some parts around it with concrete mortar.
Fasten the supports with metal rods.

In the first case, before pouring, reinforcement is placed in the pipe, which is selected about half a meter longer than the pipe itself. The fittings should be placed 25 centimeters into the soil, and protrude at the top, above the pipe, for such a distance. Then all the pipes inside are poured with concrete mortar. After the concrete dries, you can proceed to the production of further work.

In the second variant, the pipe is initially filled with only a third of it. Then immediately it is lifted a short distance from the bottom of the well so that part of the concrete solution pours out, forming some expansion at the bottom. After that, the entire pipe is filled with a solution to the very top. At the same time, the reinforcement does not protrude at the top; instead, a special metal hairpin is installed, which protrudes about 30 centimeters above the support surface. It is to this hairpin that the rest of the structure, in particular, the grillage, will be attached.

Particular attention in the construction of such a foundation should be given to reinforcement. It must first be treated with a special solution that protects against corrosion. This will allow for a long time to maintain the strength, stability and stability of the base of the building.

When building a foundation for a pipe structure, it is very important to strictly observe the construction technology. Otherwise, the base will be skewed, as a result of which the deformation of the entire building will begin.

Injection of concrete into the well

If loose layers of soil are observed at the site, then before installing the pipes, it is imperative to prepare a gravel pillow at the bottom of the well so that the support is more stable. When installing asbestos pipes on floating soils, you can additionally strengthen the piles with trenches filled with concrete.
In addition, an additional option for strengthening casing pipes for piles is to drill holes closer to the top of the pipe and install anchors in them. Then metal rods are attached to these anchors.

The foundation on piles of asbestos-cement pipes is convenient in that it is quickly installed. In addition, the pile foundation allows you to quickly and easily lay pipelines, as well as other types of communications. This does not require large financial or time costs, you can save on equipment and labor.

In private construction, a foundation is often erected from asbestos-cement pipes. The arrangement of the foundation of a house of this type does not require the involvement of costly construction machines and mechanisms. Therefore, the foundation of asbestos pipes is erected with their own hands without much difficulty, significantly saving money on the construction of the facility.

The device of the foundation base from asbestos pipes

The construction industry manufactures asbestos pipes of various diameters and lengths. Pipe diameter ranges from 120 mm to 250 mm or more. The length of the pipe can be 6 and 12 meters.

Asbestos products are widely used. They are mainly used in the construction of pipelines for various purposes. Resistance to moisture, durability of the material in environments with low temperatures - all this attracts builders to use asbestos supports in the construction of piled foundations of buildings.

In fact, an asbestos-cement pipe filled with concrete can be considered both a pile shell and a columnar support at the same time.

Calculation of the foundation of asbestos pipes

Pipes must be placed at a distance of at least 1 m from each other

The length of the support is calculated based on the level of soil freezing. Data on this is taken from SNiP in accordance with the location of the construction site.

0.3-0.4 meters are added to the depth of soil freezing, plus the height of the pipe above the ground - this will be the design length of the supports in order to build a foundation of asbestos-cement pipes with your own hands.

Using reference material and SNiPs, you can determine the total weight of all structures and equipment of the future home. The number of supports is determined according to their placement along the entire perimeter of the building, in its corners and at the intersections of the supporting structures. Piles are installed at a distance of no more than one meter from each other.

For small buildings, a columnar foundation is laid from asbestos pipes with a diameter of 120 mm. You can use supports of a smaller diameter, but then you will need to increase their number.

The amount of concrete required for pouring pipes is determined based on the following consumption rates for one column 10 meters long:

Diameter 10 cm - 0.1 m3;
Diameter 20 cm - 0.5 m3;
Diameter 30 cm - 1 m3.

Installation of asbestos supports

When sawing asbestos pipes, a margin of length is added to the calculated size for losses when leveling the ground height of the supports.

The pipe is fixed into the well, the bottom of which is previously filled with concrete.

The marking of points for the installation of pillars is done with the help of twine and wooden pegs. The centers of the supports are placed in increments of not more than 1 meter. As a rule, the building under construction has a rectangular shape in plan. Therefore, the correct marking is confirmed by the equality of the lengths of the diagonals between the opposite corners of the pile field.

According to the established markings, pits of the design depth are drilled in the ground with a drill. The diameter of the drill must exceed the transverse dimension of the pipe by at least 50 mm.

The bottom of the well is poured with a concrete solution with a height of 200-300 mm. To achieve a broadening of the base of the column, the concrete is heavily rammed. A dense layer of filling squeezes the soil out to the sides, thereby forming a wide base. Foundation pillars made of asbestos-cement pipes are placed in the drilled wells. Asbestos supports in the pits are fixed at the top with wooden spacers made of timber.

When installing asbestos-cement pipes, it is necessary to carefully control the strict vertical position of the supports.

Reinforcement of columnar supports

After installing the piles on a concrete pad, the internal cavity of the pipe is reinforced. Inside each support, 2-3 pieces of reinforcement of a periodic profile with a diameter of 12 mm are inserted. Vertical rods are tied with smooth wire, creating a box-like structure.

The length of the vertical reinforcing bars should be such that their lower ends fit snugly into the base of the pit, and the upper parts protrude from the pile.

The protruding length of the reinforcing bars must be sufficient to connect the pile foundation to the grillage. Thus, the foundation of asbestos-cement pipes forms a rigid supporting structure with sufficient bearing capacity.

Concreting of asbestos-cement pipes

Concrete for pouring piles is prepared from a mixture of cement, sand, fine gravel in the following proportion: 1:2:2. The dry mixture is diluted with water until a homogeneous paste-like solution is obtained.

If the columnar foundation is erected without broadening the lower part of the base, then during the pouring of the first layer of the solution, the pipe is lifted up by 100-150 mm. In this position, the pile is left until the concrete mixture hardens. Then proceed to the reinforcement and complete concreting of the internal cavity of the support.

Each layer of concrete is carefully compacted. Due to the narrowness of the cross-section of the asbestos support, pieces of smooth reinforcement or similar rods are used to tamp the pouring layers.

The poured layer of the solution is compacted by the vertical forces of the reinforcement rod. The tamping of the mortar is considered complete when cement laitance appears on its surface.

Watch the video on how the asbestos base pipe is poured.

I fill the sinuses around the supports with sand. Sand is poured in layers with water and rammed. The columnar foundation of asbestos pipes, after pouring it with a concrete mixture, is left alone for three to four weeks. During this period, the foundation will acquire sufficient bearing capacity to continue further construction.

Economic feasibility of the foundation of asbestos pipes

Practice shows that the construction of the foundation of a house from asbestos-cement piles can reduce the cost of building a foundation from 30% to 40%. With all the economic advantages, it must be remembered that the columnar foundation of asbestos-cement pipes is not designed for heavy loads from heavy structures.

One of the most popular columnar foundation designs is the foundation of asbestos-cement pipes. This technology is used in the construction of light buildings and frame houses, and its implementation requires a minimum of funds and effort. In addition, the foundation of asbestos-cement pipes is used in regions prone to flooding - the foundation material has the necessary strength and resistance to wetting and destruction.

Advantages of the foundation of asbestos-cement pipes

Ease of implementation, eliminating the need to attract special construction equipment;
Short deadlines for work and endurance;
A simple calculation of the foundation, which you can do yourself, without contacting the design organization.
Possibility of construction and long-term operation of buildings in flooded areas;
Low price for materials.

Scope of columnar foundations

Pillar foundations made of asbestos-cement pipes are used as a basis for the construction of light buildings: summer cottages, small baths and saunas, terraces and verandas, as well as lightweight frame houses. In regions with a cold climate, such a foundation allows significant savings, because the deepening of free-standing pipes is much cheaper in terms of materials and the cost of work than a buried strip or block foundation.

Calculation of the foundation of asbestos pipes

To calculate, you need to know the depth of soil freezing in your area, as well as the planned load on the foundation. The depth of freezing can be determined from reference data. The reference book indicates the depth of freezing of bare soil, without snow cover. If your area has high snow cover, the reference data can be slightly reduced.

Table - the depth of soil freezing in the regions of Russia

It is necessary to add 0.3-0.5 meters to the reference value - this will be the required depth of the underground part of the piles. Pipe piles usually protrude 0.3 meters above the soil level, but if there is a possibility of flooding, they can be made even higher.

The diameter of the pipes depends on the weight of the building. For light gazebos, pipes with a diameter of 10 cm are sufficient; for log buildings, it is better to choose pipes with a diameter of 25-30 cm.

The load on the foundation depends on the design of the building, as well as on the material from which it is made. Below are approximate information about the specific gravity of various materials. When calculating, it is necessary to take into account not only the walls, but also the roof, insulation and decoration.

Table - foundation loads

Piles are located at the corners of the building, at the intersection of load-bearing walls, as well as along the perimeter at a distance of no more than 1 meter. The redistributed load on each pile should be no more than 800 kg. If, as a result of the calculation, the load value turned out to be greater, it is necessary to increase the number of piles.

Based on the results obtained, the required number of pipes is determined, as well as the required amount of reinforcement at the rate of 2-3 reinforcing bars in each pipe.

The amount of concrete depends on the diameter of the pipe. On average, to fill 10 meters of a pipe with a diameter of 10 cm, it is necessary, taking into account the base, 0.1 cubic meters of concrete, for a pipe with a diameter of 20 cm - 0.5 cubic meters, and for a pipe with a diameter of 30 cm - 1 cubic meter of concrete.

The technology of making a pile foundation from asbestos-cement pipes

Preparation must begin with markup. Remove debris and foreign objects from the construction site, level it if possible and remove the sod. Mark with the help of pegs and rope the contours of the future building, corners, intersections of walls. Mark the places of installation of piles with pegs. To check the perpendicularity of the corners and the correct marking, check the equality of the diagonals.
Wells are being drilled for support poles. This can be done with a drill, and in its absence, you can dig holes with a diameter greater than the diameter of the pipes. The depth of the well is 20 cm more than the estimated size of the underground part of the piles, which is necessary for the installation of a sand cushion.

A sand cushion 20 cm thick is arranged at the bottom of each well, compacted and spilled with water. After soaking up the water, the bottom is lined with roofing material. After that, prepared pipes are installed in the well. If the pipes have to be cut to the required size, it is necessary to leave a margin of about 10 cm in height in order to even out the height of the supports after the foundation has been completed.

The process of installing supporting asbestos-cement pipes

The pipes are leveled, fixed with temporary supports made of wooden blocks. Once again check the equality of the diagonals. In areas with a close occurrence of groundwater, pipes are waterproofed with mastic based on bitumen to the ground level. Dry the mastic.

Concrete is prepared: 1 part of cement is mixed with 2 parts of sand, diluted with water to the consistency of batter, after which 2 parts of fine gravel are poured into the resulting solution. Mix well and fill the base of the pipe by 40-50 cm.
The pipe is raised by 15-20 cm and left until the concrete has completely solidified. This technique will help create a solid support base that is resistant to buoyancy forces during soil heaving.
After the concrete has hardened, the well from the outside of the pipe is additionally waterproofed with roofing material and covered with river sand, spilled and rammed, checking the installation for level. Stretch a string between them or install a bar and align them horizontally.

Reinforcement is installed inside the pipe: several bars interconnected by transverse wire jumpers. Concrete is mixed and the rest of the pipe is poured. To remove air from the solution, pierce it several times with a metal bar.
After the concrete has completely dried, after two to three weeks, the foundation is ready for further construction. In order to extend its service life, it is recommended to waterproof it with bituminous or polymeric materials.

The construction of a pile foundation made of asbestos-cement pipes makes it possible to reduce the cost of building a solid foundation for a building by several times. However, with too much load, such a foundation may not be strong enough. In this case, it is better to choose a different type of foundation, tape or monolithic.

Any work on the construction of a new building begins with the arrangement of the foundation. This design determines the strength and reliability of the room, and also takes on the main load from the walls and roof. In search of effective solutions with improved performance properties, many builders choose asbestos-cement structures.

What are asbestos pipes

The foundation of asbestos-cement pipes has a lot of distinctive features that make it quite popular and in demand. For the production of pipes, artificial stones are used, consisting of asbestos, Portland cement and water.

Asbestos fiber is characterized by fast adhesion to hardening cement sand and resistance to stretching. This makes it as strong and durable as possible at a low density. To create structures, the technology of casting a liquid-viscous mass onto a dense mesh is used, followed by dehydration and molding.

Such products are more durable than asbestos cement products. They are not afraid of staying in the ground and are protected from corrosive processes. Frost resistance indicators reach 50 cycles of freezing and thawing. Couplings are used to connect asbestos pipes.

Feature of the base of asbestos pipes

Asbestos-cement pipes began to be used in private construction relatively recently. For a long time they were abandoned due to myths about environmental insecurity and the complexity of installation.

Today, piles of asbestos-cement pipes and columnar foundations are in great demand. They are especially in demand in conditions with unstable soil, where it is problematic to install a tape structure.

These soils include:

Loams.
Clayey.
Moisture-saturated.

The use of piles allows you to raise the house by 30-40 cm, and this is a useful opportunity for low-lying areas, floodplains and areas with a seasonal rise in groundwater levels.

Asbestos-cement products are made on the basis of a special fiber (asbestos) and Portland cement. They are pressure and non-pressure, but only the first type is allowed for the construction of buildings.

The diameter of the structures varies from 5 to 60 cm, while they are able to cope with loads of 9 atmospheres, while maintaining a long service life and a high coefficient of hydraulic resistance.

The specifics of installation does not differ from the standard, which is used in the arrangement of pile foundations. Recesses are dug under the products, the placement and depth of which is determined by the design plan. Further, the structures are immersed in wells and poured with concrete mortar.

Advantages and disadvantages

Equipping the foundation from, you need to carefully study its pros and cons. The key advantage of such a solution is durability and a minimum coefficient of thermal expansion. It also withstands being in an aggressive environment and is not afraid of corrosion. Such structures are cheaper than metal counterparts, which saves on construction.

Structures are well processed by mechanical means, and their service life is not limited. The product is not afraid of electrochemical corrosion, and the hydraulic resistance indicators are minimal. Under the influence of temperature jumps, it does not change its geometry and linear dimensions.

Builders appreciate asbestos cement foundation pipes for their versatility, as they are suitable for "problem" areas with unstable soils. At the same time, installation work can be performed without the involvement of special equipment, which reduces costs.

For the construction of the foundation, it is not necessary to carry out a large amount of excavation and fill vast areas with concrete.

The cost of installing the foundation is lower, and the moisture resistance of the pile is much higher. The surface is reliably isolated from corrosion and deformation processes, and still does not lose strength during intensive use.

An asbestos-cement pipe in a pile design allows you to raise the house by 30-40 cm. And with the use of special technologies and a competent calculation of the columnar foundation - up to 100 cm.

However, the designs also have disadvantages. Among them is the minimum bearing capacity, which is why they are not suitable for swampy areas and soils with a high content of organic elements. To increase the values, more pipes and wells have to be used.

Grillage or frame: what to use

Starting to build a foundation on asbestos-cement pipes with your own hands, it is important to determine what to use: a supporting frame or grillage. The second option is in demand for the arrangement of buildings made of aerated concrete, wood concrete blocks and other cement-based building materials.

If the walls of the house are made of shields or profiled timber, you will need to make a high-quality frame. It can be wooden from an oak bar with a section of 200 mm or created from channels. This solution is distinguished by good maintainability and reliability.

Foundation device diagram

Interested in how to make a foundation using asbestos-cement type pipes, you need to be guided by the following scheme:

The posts are placed with a slight protrusion above the ground or flush.
The supports are equipped with a grillage.
For the manufacture of a grillage for a panel building, a wooden beam is used. For buildings made of foam blocks - reinforced concrete beams.

Step by step instructions for building

When creating an asbestos cement foundation, you should use the following step-by-step guide:

Performing mathematical calculations.
Organization of the site, building materials and fixtures.
Digging trenches.
Pipe installation.
Pouring cement mix.
Arrangement of the pile sole and backfilling of the recesses.
Support reinforcement.
Filling the well with concrete mortar.

Carrying out calculations

The stage of performing calculations should be given special attention, since mistakes made will lead to unjustified costs.

When building a foundation, it is necessary to determine:

Well depth. It is calculated in such a way that the pillars sink to stable soil and below the freezing point.
Pipe length. In most cases, it is made 10 cm more than the depth of the trench, however, in places with a high risk of flooding, another 20 cm is added.
Number of supports. Piles are placed at corner points under wall intersections and in high stress areas.
Pipe diameter. First of all, it is necessary to determine the weight of the future structure, guided by the tables of SNiP. Then the obtained values are divided by the number of supports.
Well diameter. They should be 10-20 cm larger than the pipes.
consumption of concrete mortar. The proportions are calculated using the formula V=0.785*D2*n*(L+0.2). The letter V indicates the volume of the pipe, D indicates its diameter, and L indicates the length. An n characterizes the total number of pipes.

Tools and materials

To implement the upcoming project for the construction of the foundation, you need to prepare some materials and tools. In addition to pipes, you will need roofing felt and bituminous mastic for waterproofing, inextensible rope and steel bars. You also need to stock up on sand and gravel in a volume twice the volume of the dry cement mixture.

Of the necessary construction tools, it is worth taking a shovel, a hand drill, a building level and a plumb line, and, if possible, vibration equipment for mixing concrete mortar.

Well preparation

Do-it-yourself wells for the foundation of asbestos-cement pipes are created according to the following instructions:

First, a recess is dug with the required parameters, and a pillow of sand 20 cm high is placed on the bottom.
Sand spills with water and can be compacted.
A roofing material is lined over this pillow to protect the sole from moisture.

Pipe installation

The pipes for the foundation will be used as a stationary formwork, so their position must be calculated in advance. It is not possible to make any adjustments after filling. The whole process is carried out in two stages:

Immersion of pipes in the well.
Temporary fixation of structures with supports made of wood or metal.

Preparation of cement slurry

The cement mixture is created according to the following instructions:

First you need to mix cement with sand in a ratio of 1: 2, and then gradually fill them with water until a pasty mass is formed.
Further, 2 parts of gravel are introduced into the composition and final mixing is performed.

Pile foot preparation

To prepare the sole, you need to pour the mixture into the pipes, raise them by 10-15 cm, and then fix the formwork.

Backfilling of wells

When the concrete sole hardens normally, the well will need to be filled in, fixing the formwork. To do this, the pipes are wrapped in roofing material and covered with a layer of sand by 15-20 cm. All layers are spilled with water and can be rammed. Between filling, the correct placement of the pipes is checked.

Support reinforcement

The reinforcement procedure involves tying steel bars with wire so that they are parallel to each other and create ribs of a prism. Further, reinforcing ligaments are lowered into the center of the formwork. The main thing is that they do not warp during the pouring process.

Filling pipes

The last step is to fill the pipes. To do this, the surface of the concrete is pre-spilled with water, which contributes to better adhesion to the next layer. Next, the cement mixture is poured into the formwork.

If there is a vibration device, air bubbles should be removed from its composition. If it is missing, it is enough to pierce the screed with a metal object. The surface should harden in 18-28 days.

The foundation of asbestos pipes is suitable for any unloaded structures, whether it be a private bathhouse or a garage, a terrace or a frame house. Such a columnar base is quite simply built with your own hands.

The base of asbestos pipes requires minimal effort and time. It is not suitable for heavy buildings and houses. But there is practically no alternative to him in the construction of light buildings in areas flooded during floods. A columnar foundation made of inexpensive products has the required resistance to destruction caused by wetting of the structure.

Column foundation made of pipes

The main advantages of such bases are as follows:

Low cost of materials and economic feasibility of construction. A pile foundation made of asbestos-cement pipes is always cheaper (and significantly) than block and buried tape structures.
Ease of base calculation. Its design is easy to do with your own hands, without spending money on contacting professional designers.
Pipes from asbestos are not subject to corrosion, without problems are processed mechanically. They also do not change their linear parameters when the ambient temperature fluctuates.
Short construction time without the use of special equipment and exposure of the finished foundation of pipes.

The disadvantages of the structures under consideration include their relative fragility (the base of asbestos products has been in operation for 60–70 years) and the impossibility of arranging a cellar in a house built on a similar foundation. But this is not a problem, because the basement can also be built as a separate structure.

Visually, the foundation of asbestos products consists of pillars installed in several lines. These rows of pipes are a reliable basis for the construction of the planned building. The basic principle of constructing such a foundation is to pour concrete mixture only in certain areas, and not around the entire perimeter of the structure.

You need to decide on the number of supports that will make up the columnar foundation, as well as its depth. Knowledge in higher mathematics is not required to perform such calculations. The depth of the base of the pipes depends on:

the magnitude of the load on it of future construction;
the depth of freezing of the earth in a particular area.

The lighter the structure you build, the less load it will exert on it. In most cases, the depth of the base from asbestos-cement products is taken about 150 cm. In this case, pipes of different cross sections are used. If a frame house is being built, it is recommended to use products 25–30 cm in diameter. But for the construction of a light summer veranda or gazebo with your own hands, pipes with a cross section of 10 cm are enough.

Creating a foundation from asbestos pipes

It is easy to learn about the depth of soil freezing in a particular region from reference tables (they are available in abundance on the Internet). Note! Such plates always indicate the amount of freezing of bare soil - without taking into account the snow cover. In areas where there is a lot of snow, the recommended depth values \u200b\u200bcan be reduced by 5–10 cm.

Second moment. About 40 cm should be added to the depth indicated in the reference table. The resulting value will tell you the exact length of the underground part of the asbestos-cement products. And the pipes should protrude about 30 cm above the ground. If floods are serious enough in your area, you can “stick out” the piles higher above the ground.

Support pillars must be placed under the central part of the building, along its perimeter and at all angles. It is important to install so many piles so that the load from the structure is distributed evenly on them. In this case, the load on one support should be a maximum of 800 kg.

To do the work with your own hands, you will need asbestos cement pipes, a concrete mixer, a grab or a hand drill, building sand, gravel, cement, fittings, a shovel. It is with the help of this set of tools and materials that you will build a reliable columnar foundation.

House on the foundation of asbestos pipes

Prepare the site for the construction of the foundation:

You clear the ground and remove the sod from the site where the foundation will be built, then cut off the fertile part of the soil.
Carefully level the area.
Take rope and pegs. With their help, mark the contours of the future structure, mark the intersections of the walls and the location of the corners of the building. Install the stakes on the points where the asbestos-cement supports will be located.

Now dig holes for piles with a shovel. The diameter of such mini-pits is taken slightly larger than the cross section of the pipes used. If a drill is available, wells are easier and faster to make with it.

Important! The depth of the pits is taken approximately 0.2 m more than the calculated length of the part of the supports located underground. This is done so that you can equip a sand cushion in each well.

Do-it-yourself columnar foundation - a guide to action

In prepared pits we make special pillows from. The thickness of the finished sandy layer should be 0.2 m. Pour sand, ram it, pour it with ordinary water, and compact it again. Then place a piece of roofing material on the made layer and perform the following operations:

Install pipes made of asbestos cement in the pits. Align them in level and fix. Temporary fastening of supports can be carried out using small wooden beams.
If groundwater flows close to the surface at the site, waterproofing of asbestos pipes should be done with bituminous mastic. Fill it with tubular products to the level of the soil and wait until the composition dries.
Drive reinforcing bars around the pipes. Their length is taken in relation to the length of tubular products by 20 percent more. Be sure to keep a distance of about 70 mm between adjacent rods.
Prepare concrete solution. Mix 2 parts of sand with one part of M 400 cement, add water to this composition. Stir the resulting composition to the state of liquid dough. Top up with water as needed.
Pour gravel (2 parts) into the mixture made, mix it vigorously.
Pour concrete to a height of 0.4-0.5 m around the tubular and directly into its center.
Raise the pipe 0.2 m and wait for the concrete mixture to harden. The support is lifted in order to give the foundation additional resistance to piles being pushed out when the soil is heaving.

High-quality solidification of concrete occurs in 8-14 days. After that, you can safely mount supporting elements on your own made columnar foundation to install the planned structure on them.