Redevelopment of Khrushchev. Design options for Khrushchev. Redevelopment of a two-room Khrushchev-era apartment: diagram and photo of redevelopment designs with descriptions Plan of a two-room Khrushchev-era apartment

The word “Khrushchevka” evokes unsightly associations, being the object of invariable jokes. But does this mean that such a dwelling must necessarily be typical, cramped, dull? Not at all! Today, anyone can turn their “khrushchev” into cozy modern apartments. It is enough to turn to the experience of specialists to understand what miracles are created by renovating your own apartment. It doesn’t matter whether you do redevelopment or limit yourself to cosmetic repairs. The modern design of a Khrushchev-era or Soviet-style 3-room panel house will magically transform your home, making it functional, comfortable, and stylish.

Important Features

The buildings of the Khrushchev era were erected as temporary housing, therefore, they cannot boast of special convenience. Therefore, their owners often have to resort to various kinds of transformations to improve the comfort of their own home.

It should be noted that, subject to regular major repairs, buildings built during the Khrushchev era will last for many years. Therefore, it makes sense for owners to spend energy on improving living conditions through design tricks, achieving maximum comfort.

This type of housing has the following features:

low ceiling height;
availability of walk-through rooms;
small apartment size;
cramped kitchen;
combined bathroom;
low sound and heat insulation.

IMPORTANT! The internal partitions of Khrushchev buildings are not load-bearing, which allows them to be easily demolished during redevelopment.

Typical layout options

There are several versions of the standard layout of three-room Khrushchev apartments:

“vest”: one spacious room plus two small ones. The least convenient option for radical restructuring;
“book”: two spacious adjacent rooms plus one small separate one. Redevelopment will require large expenditures of space;
“tram”: walk-through rooms, reminiscent of a tram’s interior, are often lined up. When remodeling, it is necessary to install additional partitions for insulation;
Khrushchev 60 m2: all rooms are completely isolated from each other. A comfortable option, no radical changes may be needed.

Depending on the variety, options for organizing space are chosen. The Internet provides those interested with a huge number of photos of various projects, among which it is easy to find the right one. You can also contact a professional designer to create a unique design specifically for your case.

Features of redevelopment

Redevelopment is a radical way that truly transforms the appearance of your home. Of course, it will not be possible to change the size of the home. But it is quite possible to expand the usable area using such methods.

There are two ways of redevelopment:

Demolish all non-load-bearing partitions, turning the apartment into a studio apartment. Designate areas of the kitchen, dining room, living room, highlight an office, and a children's room. To delimit zones, light partitions, multi-level floors, color transitions in design, different types of covering, etc. are used.
Complete a partial combination: kitchen with living room, bathroom with hallway, balcony with bedroom, etc.

IMPORTANT! When expanding the living room with a balcony, make sure that it can withstand the additional load!

Additionally, you can create the effect of spaciousness by expanding the window openings. By replacing old windows with modern double-glazed windows, you will improve the thermal insulation of your apartment, and spacious windows will let in sunlight and air. The window sill can easily be turned into a compact built-in table. You can see what it looks like in a photo from the Internet.

Bathroom remodeling

The usable area can be increased by adding a bathroom. Varieties of changes are also possible here:

dismantle the partition between the bathroom and toilet;
replace a massive bathtub with a modern shower stall. This allows you to place a washing machine in the vacant space, freeing up space in the kitchen;
increase the height of the doorway: thanks to this technique, the entire bathroom will seem higher;
expand the bathroom using part of the corridor, built-in closet or pantry. Additional waterproofing will be required.

IMPORTANT! Enlarging the bathroom by encroaching on the territory of the living space is prohibited by sanitary standards!

The real disaster of three-room Khrushchev apartments is the adjacent rooms. They look terrible in photos, and even more so at home: if several family members live with you, then it becomes impossible to relax in the passage rooms. By reducing part of the area of one of the living rooms, you can run a corridor to the end of the apartment. The passages to the bathroom and kitchen are located on both sides of the corridor, isolating the apartments.

Everything must be legal

When planning a major renovation, consult with experts. They will tell you what changes can be made and what changes are strictly prohibited.

When drawing up a project, you must consider:

in some cases, dismantling walls may be prohibited;
any change in the configuration of the walls must be agreed upon and registered;
you cannot move the bathroom, as this can damage the sewerage system in the entire multi-story building;
If you have a gas stove, combining the kitchen and living room is prohibited. Install an electric stove or use a light partition.

To create a project, the services of professional designers may be required. Especially if you are going to change the configuration of the walls of the apartment. Turning to specialists guarantees you a competent project, which is much easier to coordinate.

You need to know that any changes to the layout must be agreed upon and registered. Before starting work, it is necessary to collect a package of necessary documents and obtain a licensed project for future housing that complies with construction standards.

How to increase space?

Even if you don’t plan to demolish the walls, you can really increase the usable area of the three-ruble ruble by wisely managing the available territory:

avoid unnecessary details of the situation, do not clutter up your home. Any item used in the design of an apartment must be functional;
focus on height: cabinets rising upward, proper arrangement of furniture, proper lighting;
hang mirrors, place transparent glass surfaces;
The pantry can be turned into a convenient dressing room by installing shelves, hangers, and a chest of drawers for storing small items. A dressing room will be an excellent replacement for a closet, allowing you to significantly save space;
a loggia or balcony can become a work office, a cozy nook for tea or a miniature gym. It is necessary to insulate the loggia or balcony so that it can be used all year round;
Instead of ordinary swing doors, it is better to install sliding doors or accordion doors. This allows you to win up to 1 m2;
lighting should be bright and abundant. Instead of one massive chandelier, use several spotlights. Methods for their location can be easily found in photos on the Internet. Well-lit rooms always look more spacious.

Choosing an interior style

When choosing an interior design for a three-room Khrushchev apartment, functionality comes to the fore. After all, the territory is small, which means it needs to be managed wisely. Therefore, lush styles that involve abundant decoration are inappropriate here.

The best solution would be an economical, spectacular modern minimalist style. It not only looks chic, but allows you to use your home with the greatest efficiency.

Main features of minimalism:

the general background is made in light shades;
simple sealed design;
mirror, glass elements that add air;
dividing the territory into functional zones;
instead of voluminous cabinets, compact vertical structures under the ceiling are used;
multifunctional transformable furniture: sliding tables, wall cabinets, neat bedside tables;
furniture is placed in the corners, freeing up the center of the room;
lighting fixtures are camouflaged whenever possible;
as much natural light as possible.

By looking at photos of design projects in the minimalist style, you can get a lot of useful ideas, while at the same time making sure that this style looks great.

Choosing flooring

The original floor covering of Khrushchev houses is wooden boards, which are designed for a service life of no more than 20-30 years. They need to be replaced, especially if you are planning a major renovation of your apartment. If you are going to use linoleum or laminate, you must first remove the old boards and level the floor.

An excellent floor covering for a 3-room apartment is tile. To install it, you do not need to additionally level the floor surface. Thanks to photos from the Internet, you can choose beautiful tiles without leaving your home.

If you have combined your three rooms into a studio, zoning is a necessary condition. A multi-level floor with a different coating looks incredibly impressive. The walls are also painted in different colors (use wallpaper, paint or decorative plaster). The result is a stylish, spacious home with plenty of air and light.

Choosing a ceiling

The well-known problem of “khrushchev” is low ceilings. Such a significant flaw can be corrected only with the help of skillful design. This circumstance dictates its own design rules:

give up bulky chandeliers, replacing them with several bright spotlights;
Light shades create a feeling of spaciousness and additional height in the room. Avoid dark colors;
a multi-level plasterboard structure sets the style, making the apartment visually higher;
A glossy stretcher or mirror will help create the effect of visually increasing height;
tension and plasterboard structures steal several centimeters of height during installation, so in particularly low rooms it is better to abandon them;
Instead of tensile structures in the design, it is better to choose correctly selected wallpaper or paint. They create the illusion of height, a feeling of spaciousness and lightness.

Choosing furniture

Properly selected furniture will also allow you to reclaim a considerable part of your living space and help create a stylish image of your home.

There are several rules for choosing furnishings for small apartments:

Functionality should come first, only then appearance;
give preference to furnishings with clear geometric shapes and a smooth surface;
priority – mobility: folding bed or cabinet, compact chest of drawers;
tables and beds that fit tightly to the floor;
to save money, you should choose compact mobile ottomans instead of chairs;
give up massive structures: they require too much space;
Tall cabinets will help save space: by increasing the height, you can reduce their depth without compromising the useful volume of the cabinet.

IMPORTANT! You should not choose cabinets that are too deep: they require a lot of space.

Choosing a color scheme

A correctly selected color scheme visually expands the space of even a small apartment. There is little free space in a typical Khrushchev apartment. Therefore, you should carefully consider the choice of shades of furniture, floors, walls, and ceiling coverings:

light colors create the illusion of greater volume;
a small pattern on the wallpaper makes the room more spacious, a large pattern reduces the space;
It’s better to avoid using saturated bright colors in your design: they visually reduce the space, making your home look small and cramped. Use pillows, paintings, photos and souvenirs as bright accents in your apartment design;
a glossy suspended false ceiling will visually expand the space if its color is lighter than the tone of the walls;
3D plaster or wallpaper with decorative patterns can become a separate color element of the design;
For children, gentle pastel colors are optimal: they have a calming effect on the child;
a small kitchen will seem more spacious if you use mirrored surfaces - for example, a refrigerator and cabinets.

Initially, the peculiar arrangement of rooms in an apartment from Khrushchev times does not contribute to comfortable living. Therefore, the design of a three-room Khrushchev apartment should be thoughtful. The main goal of the renovation should be functionality - of course, without sacrificing its excellent appearance. Then the old “Khrushchev” will turn into cozy and comfortable housing for all its inhabitants, which you can be proud of.

In this article we will again talk about Khrushchev buildings, which were built as temporary housing. At one time, these apartments made it possible to relocate millions of people from barracks and communal apartments. The new residents were happy to get such an apartment. More than half a century has passed, and these “temporary” houses still stand in our cities. Their current owners no longer experience such joy from these choirs as their parents did. The main and most unpleasant feature of such apartments is the lack of free space. This applies to all rooms, including the bathroom and kitchen. Therefore, more and more often, the owners of such housing are inclined to think that the design of the Khrushchev building needs redevelopment.

We draw up a work plan

This process can be divided into several stages. First of all, it is necessary to create a project for the redevelopment of the Khrushchev building. It is safer to order it from specialists. In this case, you will avoid problems at the second stage, when the design of the modified apartment will need to be approved by various authorities.

Depending on how complex the renovation you are planning, approval of the redevelopment takes place according to one of the following schemes:

according to the project;
according to the sketch;
according to the project, taking into account changes in capital structures.

Redevelopment of a Khrushchev-era building according to the project will require you to collect a package of documents. And if it is carried out according to a sketch, then all planned changes must be reflected on paper.

Popular redevelopment options

No one will argue that the design of the Khrushchev building can hardly be called ideal. Most often, such work comes down to partial demolition of internal walls, relocation of doorways, expansion of the bathroom through the corridor, removal of storage rooms and mezzanines.

Studio redevelopment of apartments has remained relevant for many years. Khrushchev buildings are better suited for such a project than any other premises. The apartment can be turned into a studio if all walls and partitions are demolished.

Kitchen

Every housewife living in a Khrushchev building will tell you that she dreams of her kitchen being at least a little larger. This is achieved by combining the forge with an adjacent room.

Often, to make the best use of space, a sink or stove may need to be moved. We would like to warn you that such movements are only possible within this premises. No one will approve your transfer to neighboring squares.

Rebuilding a two-room Khrushchev house

Redevelopment of a 2-room Khrushchev house suggests three paths to the cherished goal. The most modern and common type is considered to be combining the kitchen with the adjacent room. This can be achieved by partially or completely dismantling the wall between them. This method will help increase the area of the room and create a spacious living or dining room.

Redevelopment of a Khrushchev (two-room) apartment often takes place in a narrow hallway corridor. Not the best option would be to combine it with the room. It is more expedient to expand the hallway, slightly reducing the area of the adjacent room. Therefore, it is necessary to move the partitions between them.

Redevelopment of a Khrushchev house from a 2-room to a 3-room apartment is quite popular. This method is used by families with older children who need individual space.

To do this, one of the rooms is divided into two parts by a partition. It is desirable that such a boundary be between two windows. If there is only one window in the room, then the second part will be dull and dark. In this case, powerful lamps should be installed in it.

Remember that cutting a window opening in the wall that is not provided for in the building plan is strictly prohibited, as this may disrupt the stability of the load-bearing wall.

Redevelopment of a small-sized apartment does not necessarily have to be expressed in any unusual and grandiose visual changes. The main goal of such a reconstruction is to increase the usable area and improve the comfort of living.

How to rebuild a three-room Khrushchev house?

Redevelopment of a three-room Khrushchev house will help change this home radically. This can only be achieved with strict adherence to all building codes. Therefore, when undertaking such a grandiose renovation, coordinate all changes with the BTI employees.

Bathroom and kitchen remodeling

There are several layouts of Khrushchev buildings, which differ slightly from each other in the size of the rooms and their location. Based on this, you can come up with many options for remodeling a 3-room apartment.

Usually, the kitchen is adjacent to one of the rooms. Most often, the wall between these rooms is dismantled (but only if it is not load-bearing) and, thus, a cozy and modern living room-kitchen is obtained. The old entrance to the dining room is being closed. A small, narrow corridor, which before the redevelopment led to the kitchen, is combined with a bathroom. After this it becomes quite spacious.

Anyone who wants to redesign a three-ruble apartment needs to know that enlarging the bathroom is only possible through the corridor. Carrying it into a residential area is prohibited by sanitary standards.

In many houses of this type, a wall separates the bathroom from the bathtub. It is quite difficult for the owners to turn around in such a tiny room. To somehow change the situation, the bathroom is dismantled during the renovation. After renovation, its place is occupied by a shower stall. In this case, space is freed up, for example, for a washing machine, which took up precious space in the dining room. When remodeling the kitchen and bathroom, the other two rooms are left as is. One of them can become a bedroom, and the other a nursery.

Redevelopment of rooms

There is another, extremely inconvenient layout, when all the rooms are next to each other, in a row. In this case, we recommend demolishing two walls: between the second and third rooms, as well as between the third room and the kitchen. The result of such a redevelopment will be a large space in which you can organize a living-dining room, and with the help of a partition you can separate a study or a nursery.

This method of demolishing walls will allow you to get a large studio. It will have different zones that can be emphasized with custom flooring. After the ceiling or walls are painted in different colors, functional areas will be determined. They will give the room more comfort and visually expand the space.

To increase the living space, many residents of Khrushchev-era apartment buildings resort to another option of combining a balcony with one of the rooms. But this method cannot always be approved by the BTI. Firstly, because this is a violation of the facade, and secondly, such a balcony structure may simply not withstand glazing with an insulated profile.

There is another option for redevelopment of a three-room Khrushchev house. Perhaps it will suit you better. This is the creation of the fourth room. If, for example, the owners of an apartment want to have a dressing room, then this option will certainly suit them. Finding a place for such a room is not difficult. If the living space needs natural light, the dressing room can be equipped with lighting fixtures. It is not advisable to create another living space in a room with a single window.

Redevelopment of a three-room Khrushchev house is an excellent opportunity to create a new and unique look for your apartment. Any of the options presented to you will make your home beautiful and original, comfortable and functional. But the most important thing is that such a redevelopment of the Khrushchev building will increase the living space. And this is already a great achievement.

Redevelopment of the adjacent Khrushchev building

Almost all apartments of this type have adjacent rooms. This, of course, causes a number of inconveniences, especially if more than two people live in such an area. Someone inevitably ends up in a walk-through room and does not have the opportunity to be alone for at least a little while. This problem can be solved by reducing the area of one of the rooms.

We extend the hallway, which in our case is a small and dark corridor, to the end of the apartment. The result is a long hallway, with doors to the rooms, bathroom and kitchen on both sides. This way you get two separate rooms.

It’s quite simple to explain the limited living space of the “Khrushchev” buildings. In those days, the main task was to provide each family with separate living space, so small-sized “Khrushchev” apartments were a salvation. Of course, no one thought about convenience and comfort. However, redevelopment of the Khrushchev 2 room, which has a number of its own features, disadvantages and undeniable advantages, will solve the problem with convenience.

The main reason why most owners of small Khrushchev-era apartments decide to refurbish them is a feeling of discomfort from inconveniently located rooms and limited living space associated with the small area of the premises.

Benefits of refurbishment

All rooms expand and become spacious, making the interior seem as residential and warm as possible;
Most wall partitions are not load-bearing, and therefore the redevelopment of 2-room apartments is carried out quite quickly;
Thanks to the improved, updated layout, owners can fully express their imagination in arrangement and design, ultimately obtaining the most comfortable and stylish home.

The disadvantages of redevelopment manipulations are:

complex repair and design work is required related to the dismantling of old partitions, the relocation of doorways and the construction of new partitions within the apartment;
the space of one of the adjacent rooms is reduced due to separation;
refurbishment of a Khrushchev building requires considerable material costs for dismantling and design manipulations. However, when carrying out the work on your own, you will be able to save money;
Long-term construction work is expected, accompanied by an increased degree of pollution with debris and dust formations.

The placement of rooms in old Khrushchev-era apartments can have several options, so the methods for redeveloping Khrushchev-era 2 rooms can be completely different. To choose the most suitable option, you need to understand the features of the original home:

“Book” is a type of layout in which the area of the apartment is 41 square meters. meter, adjacent rooms. Perhaps the worst option;
"Tram" - area 48 sq. meters, again adjacent rooms, but they are separated much more painlessly;
“Mini-improved” - got its name because of the almost identical layout with apartments in 9-story buildings. Its area is 44.6 square meters. meters, the rooms are isolated, the only thing that confuses us is the small size of the kitchen space, which can be increased to 8 square meters if desired;
“Vest” is a rather rare type of layout with an area of 46 square meters. meters Here two rooms are located symmetrically, their sizes are quite large. The disadvantage of the layout is that if you increase the kitchen area, you will have to invade the room.

Coordination of redevelopment manipulations

Planning a two-room apartment in a “Khrushchev” is quite a fascinating and interesting process. However, it is worth thinking in advance about how to coordinate all future work with relevant authorities and obtain the necessary permits. The main thing is to make sure that repair manipulations do not relate to the concept of reconstruction, which implies the installation, replacement, relocation of utility networks, electrical, sanitary and other types of equipment. TO redevelopment The work includes changes to the configuration of living space. Any alterations should be included in the technical passport of the residential premises. If you don't do this, you may get a fine, and in the worst case scenario, you will also have to return everything to its place.

The redevelopment of a 2-room Khrushchev apartment is good because almost all the walls here are not load-bearing. That is why any manipulations with them are classified as “simple redevelopment”, therefore, adding all planned changes to the floor plan, which is taken from the BTI, will be sufficient.

Options for refurbishment of Khrushchev

Regardless of the type of upcoming manipulations of the redevelopment of the “Khrushchev” 2 rooms, three functional areas should be designated in any apartment:

kitchen;
sleeping;
guest.

Demolition of all walls

The most radical option is to demolish all wall partitions that are not load-bearing (except for the bathroom and toilet). The result is a studio apartment in which the zoning of areas is carried out using various design techniques and partitions.

We separate adjacent rooms of the Khrushchev building

Adjacent rooms cause a lot of inconvenience to their owners. However, there is a way out. These rooms are divided, reducing the usable area of one. There may be several options here:

The rooms are placed one after another - in this case, the space of the passage room is most often expanded by moving the partition deeper into the smallest area. Afterwards, a sleeping place with a bed, bedside tables and a small wardrobe is arranged in the reduced room. By using some simple design tips, even such a small area can make a very cozy and warm room. And in the resulting large living room it will be convenient for groups to gather for a pleasant pastime;
The rooms are located along each other - here it is better to simply demolish the partition between the rooms, replacing it with columns, an arch or a screen. This type of layout is suitable for modern young couples. But for families with children, it is better to leave the partition in place, blocking the doorway. Then the smaller wall is moved deeper, thereby reducing the area of the two rooms. On the resulting wall, doorways are cut into each room. The result will be separate rooms with an extended corridor.

We combine the living room with the kitchen area

When remodeling a 2-room apartment in a Khrushchev building, the living room is often combined with a kitchen area, where it is simply impossible to place all the necessary furniture and household items. By removing the wall, it is possible to free up several squares of usable space. And using methods of visual expansion of space and competent zoning techniques in the design, you will be able to create a truly convenient and functional design.

This type of redevelopment has undeniable advantages:

when combining this type, areas for cooking, relaxation and dining can be easily allocated. These zones are delimited by finishing wall, floor and ceiling surfaces. It is possible to design mobile shelves, screens or curtains of various types;
the home turns out to be as functional as possible;
Such combined zones have high aesthetic values and are a modern trend in designer fashion.

Stylish and original is the way to delimit functional areas with a bar counter. If the kitchen has a balcony, then it is advisable to use it as additional useful space. To do this, you should insulate the balcony, decorate it with high-quality materials, after which you can use it either as a separate workplace, or place household appliances and dining utensils there.

We combine the bathroom area with the toilet

For each, the redevelopment of a 2-room “Khrushchev” apartment is selected individually. However, the opinion of experts should still be taken into account. You can increase the bathroom space by combining it with a toilet. This refurbishment looks quite original, and it is also practical.

Thanks to this combination, it will be possible to gain a few meters of space on which you can place a washing machine and a laundry basket. At the same time, the load-bearing partitions remain in place, which is important when remodeling a two-room apartment in a Khrushchev building.

It will not be possible to place a huge bathtub in the resulting room, but if you replace it with a compact corner model or shower stall, there will be enough free space for movement.

Space zoning techniques

To achieve maximum comfort and style in your new apartment, you should use simple design zoning techniques.

First, you should choose suitable furniture for your living space. It is better to give preference to compact furniture items in the form of folding tables, transformable sofa beds, and wardrobes.

Secondly, finishing materials are carefully chosen. Light colors in the decoration allow you to visually expand the boundaries. The difference in textures will highlight functional areas. Accent colors will highlight your assets and highlight important items in the interior composition.

“Khrushchevka” for many is a very inconvenient small-sized dwelling. However, even such an apartment can be converted into modern multifunctional apartments, which will become a very warm and comfortable place to live.

“Khrushchevkas” are the first houses of mass construction with small-sized apartments, low ceilings and poor sound insulation. They were actively built from the 60s to the 90s of the last century throughout the country, and many Russian families at that time acquired their own housing for the first time.

Those who today live in these small apartments, for example, with an area of 43 square meters. m, they are increasingly asking the question: how to draw up a design project for a two-room “Khrushchev” apartment? And what interior design ideas are there?

Layout features

“Khrushchevka” is easy to recognize among other apartments by its characteristic features, for example, wide double-leaf windows in the shape of a square. Or along small windows on the edge of the end panel in the kitchen.

What else distinguishes this type of apartment from the same “Stalin” apartments and other options:

Availability of a passage room.
Small kitchen - from 4-5 to 6 square meters. m.

Combined bathroom: toilet and bathroom are located in the same room. A Khrushchev-era bathroom is usually so small that it cannot accommodate a standard bathtub 150-180 cm long.
In Khrushchev's kitchens, housewives cooked on gas stoves.
Many apartments have a balcony and a storage room, the latter being no different in size from an ordinary room in houses of this type. There are no balconies only in apartments that are located on the first floor of the building.

If we talk about the house in general terms, it has centralized heating, there is no garbage chute and there is no elevator. Such buildings usually have 5 or 7 floors, less often - 9 or 3-4. According to the layout, all apartments in the Khrushchev block face one side, except for the corner ones - their windows face the opposite direction overlooking the courtyard.

“Khrushchev”, from the point of view of planning, has advantages and disadvantages, but it is impossible to judge them objectively.

Among the advantages of such apartments are noted:

Availability of a balcony and storage room.
Typical layout: small corridor and kitchen, two approximately identical rooms.
A passage room that often borders the kitchen and leads to a second room.
The shared bathroom is another plus. It saves space in the apartment.

The disadvantages of the “Khrushchev” apartment include:

low sound insulation or too thin walls;
low ceilings - only 2.55 meters (some buildings have ceilings of 2.70 meters);
a cramped hallway or its literal absence;
small area of the apartment as a whole: a standard two-room apartment in a Khrushchev building has an area of no more than 43, 44, 46 square meters;

small area of the room - bedroom or nursery;
lack of a balcony on the ground floor - there are practically no “Khrushchev” buildings with a loggia on the ground floor;
a walk-through kitchen, which is combined with the living room and is so small that the equipment only fits a gas stove and a short countertop.

“Khrushchevka” can be located in a brick or large-panel house.

“Kopeck apartments” may differ slightly in area and layout:

"Book" they call a Khrushchev house with rooms in a row - a kitchen, a living room, a bedroom and a total area of 42-43 square meters. m.
"Tram"– a two-room apartment with an area of almost 47 sq. m and adjacent rooms, one of which is a corner one.

"Improved"– a layout without a walk-through room, a separate bathroom and a tiny kitchen. The total area of such an apartment is usually 43-45 square meters. meters.
"Butterfly"– an apartment with a kitchen in the middle and two rooms at its edges. The area of such a “Khrushchev” building is usually 46 square meters. meters. It has a separate bathroom almost in the kitchen.

The “book” layout is good because it has adjacent rooms that can easily be combined into one or the entire apartment - into a full-fledged studio. However, the disadvantage of this layout is that no matter what the redevelopment is, one of the rooms will remain a walk-through room. Only if you don’t put up a partition and create a corridor leading to the next room.

Regardless of the “original” layout, the “Khrushchev” can be changed and made functional - to combine rooms or increase the space of one of them.

Redevelopment options

The great advantage of a “Khrushchev” apartment is that it is easy to redesign: “move” walls or combine rooms to create more space. At least visually. Internal walls or partitions in a Khrushchev building are not load-bearing, which means they can be removed and the space of the room can be changed in agreement with government agencies.

Redevelopment of a Khrushchev building begins not only with the owner’s desire to remodel it, but also with obtaining permission for this procedure from the state. It is easy to obtain, provided that the living rooms and kitchen remain in their places, only the location of the walls themselves will change. Once the state gives the go-ahead to change the configuration of the space, we can begin.

Option #1

All Khrushchev apartments have small kitchens and bathrooms. One of the solutions that redevelopment can provide is increasing the kitchen area. Owners often remove the wall between the kitchen and the adjacent room (usually it is a passage room) and create modern kitchen-living rooms.

Classic “Khrushchev” kitchen 5 sq. m becomes a spacious living room with a cooking area with a total area of up to 23 square meters, if the walk-through room is completely given over to the hall.

Such an apartment can be called a euro-“one-room apartment”: housing with an isolated full bedroom and a spacious kitchen-living room. The resulting “one-room apartment” is attractive because it becomes more spacious - the “extra” wall disappears, and additional space is freed up for furniture.

Option No. 2

A modest two-room apartment can be turned into a full-fledged studio if the internal partitions are completely removed. With the exception of the bathroom - bath and toilet, these two rooms need insulation.

A modern studio can be zoned– divide into functional zones using partitions or cosmetic repairs. Owners often use these two combinations: they create artificial thin walls between the sleeping area and the relaxation area - the living room. They “play” with the shade of the walls and the material of the floor: they lay tiles in the hallway and kitchen, and laminate in the living room and bedroom. This technique not only divides the space, but also visually expands it.

A studio apartment is suitable for a young family without children or a couple who prefer one large area together with small but isolated rooms. However, such a redevelopment is not suitable for a family with at least one child.

Option #3

The next option for redevelopment of the Khrushchev-era building involves moving the walls and preserving 2 isolated rooms. For example, you can expand the kitchen area from 5 square meters to 15 square meters (more or less, depending on the area of the apartment and the location of the rooms). To do this, you will have to demolish the existing wall and build a new one in a new place, moving its boundaries.

Option No. 4

The “improved” layout of a 2-room “Khrushchev” apartment can be made even more functional if you combine the kitchen with a walk-through room and divide the larger room in half. This redevelopment is suitable for a family with one child who likes to receive guests. And those will have a place to stay - in a spacious hall with a dining table.

Zoning

Regardless of how large-scale the redevelopment was in the “Khrushchev”, it is still possible and necessary to use zoning techniques.

Zoning the kitchen-living room

If the walk-through room and the kitchen have become a single space, it’s time to divide it – visually. In the cooking area, equip a classic kitchen. If the width of the wall along which the cooking area will be located is not enough, extend it to a perpendicular wall and place it in a counter.

Thus, the rack will divide two functional areas both visually and in reality.

If the area of the kitchen-living room remains small even after planning, a tabletop can be replaced with a full-fledged dining table. You can separate the cooking area from the living room with a sofa if you install it with its back against the wall along which the countertop with oven and stove runs. Or place a thin partition made of metal, glass, or wood between them. Install a shelving unit with shelves up to the ceiling. Or you can abandon this idea altogether and visually divide the kitchen-living room with the color and texture of finishing materials.

A good solution is to place floor tiles in the cooking area, in the living room - laminate or parquet. The texture of the floor will already divide the two combined rooms, even if the color of the walls in them is not different.

Living room zoning

If during the redevelopment of the “Khrushchev” building the number of rooms remained the same, and it was decided to give one of them as a living room-bedroom, then zoning cannot be avoided. Let’s say a family with children lives in such an apartment; the children were given a larger room, and the parents settled in the living room.

One solution is to divide the room with a thin partition., “hide” the double bed from prying eyes in the back of the room, near the window. In the area closer to the door, place a small sofa and dressing table, hang the TV and storage items on the wall, thereby maintaining free space for movement.

To get even more space in a Khrushchev apartment, you can choose a folding sofa instead of a bed and leave the room unchanged. During the day it will be a living room and receive guests; at night it will become a full-fledged bedroom with a disassembled sofa instead of a bed.

If parents are not ready to sacrifice a full bed in the name of preserving free space, they will especially like the following solution. In a small bedroom-living room you can install a folding bed, which during the day is “retracted” into the wall bed, and in the evening “reclines” to form a full-fledged sleeping place.

Popular styles

Choosing an interior design for a small-sized Khrushchev apartment is another headache for the owner.

High tech

A modern interior solution based on technological innovation, high functionality and prestige in its current interpretation. High-tech is characterized by plastic, glass and metal in furniture and decoration materials. If we talk about colors, they are calm, muted and monochromatic - white, black, all shades of beige and gray.

This interior style uses a suspended ceiling, but in a “Khrushchev” it may be inappropriate - the ceilings in the apartment are already low, and such a design will make them even lower.

It is better to pay special attention to the walls. Turn one of them into an accent one: decorate it with plastic, wood, stone or other panels. The accent will be created by contrasting wallpapers, but not colorful ones - they are of no use in high-tech.

Scandinavian

Think of the Ikea store with rational and, at first glance, simple furnishing options. This is the Scandinavian style. It is distinguished by its environmental friendliness - furniture and finishing materials, practicality - many hanging and multifunctional structures for storage.

The Scandinavian interior is dominated by light shades - white and beige, gray and brown. The emphasis is often on details – textiles and accessories.

Empire style

Luxurious style in the interior, which is characterized by large areas of both rooms, windows, doors, and high ceilings. Empire style is unlikely to be suitable for decorating a “Khrushchev” building, but some of its elements can be introduced into the decoration of your home. For example, ornaments: in furniture upholstery or on kitchen facades, in textiles or on a wall, but only one. An accent wall with royal-style patterns would be appropriate in a classic interior, which we will talk about later.

Classical

Classics are appropriate for “Khrushchev” - laconic furniture made of wood with elements of natural stone, restrained shades and textiles in a single range. A classic interior is not only beautiful, but also practical.

In a small bedroom or corridor of a “Khrushchev” building you can install tall cabinets– up to the ceiling, with facades in the color of the walls. They will not overload the already cramped space and will accommodate the maximum possible. If we talk about the color of furniture fronts, give preference to light shades - beige, white, light brown, gray, olive. Save dark colors for details - frames, chair frames and a small bookcase or shelving unit, if there is room for it.

A true classic interior is characterized by stucco. But in “Khrushchev” buildings it is unlikely to be appropriate. The maximum is a ceiling plinth, provided that the ceiling in the house is at least 2.70 m.

Country

It is dominated by natural shades - brown, green, olive, yellow.

It could be a kind of French Provence with aged furniture or an American direction - comfortable furniture, an abundance of natural materials in the decoration.

Room decoration

The standard design of rooms in a Khrushchev building is a European renovation with functional cabinet furniture. Regardless of whether it is an economy class renovation or an expensive designer one, it is easy to make a small apartment stylish - just choose the same style for all rooms in the house.

Kitchen. In a standard “Khrushchev” kitchen of 5-6 square meters only a kitchen set will fit. To make it even more functional, choose wall cabinets that go up to the ceiling - they will fit more dishes and kitchen utensils.

If the kitchen and living room occupy one room, then this is a great opportunity to make the interior even more stylish. The first rule is a single style and a single color scheme for the room. Light shades of walls and furniture will visually make it more spacious and lighter, and will be especially useful if the ceilings in the house are low - 2.55 m.

For a modest kitchen-living room, Provence is especially suitable - a rustic style with an abundance of wooden elements. Light wooden kitchen fronts can be combined with a dining table in shade and material. The contrast will be created by the overall luxurious chandelier, stonework in the cooking area and checkered textiles.

Bedroom. The square footage of an ordinary “Khrushchev” bedroom can vary - from 8-9 to 19 square meters. m. If the room is small but isolated, it is worth placing a full bed in it. A good night's sleep is more important than any interior madness, so give preference to a bed instead of a sofa.

Storage space can be organized along one of the walls or in a niche of the room - install a wardrobe up to the ceiling. Even in a modest bedroom of 9 square meters there is room for a double bed and a closet covering the entire wall. The dressing table can be replaced with a functional headboard or hanging shelves above the head or on the sides.

Children's room. The largest room is usually reserved for it. To save free space in the nursery, do not neglect wall cabinets - they are convenient for storing things that are not used often.

A mandatory element of a child's room is a bed: a full-size one, a design bed or an ottoman. And a wardrobe, preferably a wardrobe, so that the child can find his things on his own. For the nursery, choose calm shades, leaving bright ones for accents - interior details or toys.

If there are two children in one room, then choose a bunk bed: it will save space for games and activities, and maybe other furniture - a desk, a shelf for books and toys.

Often, repairs and redevelopment in “Khrushchev” buildings begin at the moment when it becomes impossible to live in the apartment: communications, floors and walls are worn out. The latter may not be able to withstand cosmetic repairs, and the idea of redevelopment arises.

Don't be afraid of redevelopment. It will allow you to increase the space of the corridor or bathroom if you sacrifice 2-3 square meters of another part of the apartment - one of the living rooms or the kitchen. With the help of redevelopment, it is easy to enlarge the kitchen if you combine it with a walk-through room. Or keep two isolated rooms, but reduce the area of one of them for the sake of the kitchen.

In the middle of the last century, the problem of shortage of capital housing was acute in the Soviet Union. The country was gradually recovering from the devastating consequences of the Great Patriotic War, and there were not enough resources and labor for construction. Many citizens were forced to live in barracks and houses unsuitable for habitation. But the main obstacle to quickly solving the problem of housing shortage was the lack of technology for the mass construction of residential buildings.

Houses at that time were built mainly from brick and according to individual designs. So-called reuse projects were sometimes used, but it was difficult to find two identical buildings. This implied serious financial and time costs for the design and construction of each individual building. It was urgently necessary to change the principles of construction in order to provide citizens in need with at least some housing within a reasonable time.

For this purpose, by the early sixties, the technology of panel housing construction was developed. According to it, houses were quickly, according to plan, like a designer, “assembled” from standard elements-slabs, mass-produced by house-building factories created for this purpose. With this, the era of standard housing construction began in our country. Its first examples were five-story buildings with small-sized apartments - with a ceiling height of two and a half meters, with miniature kitchens and a combined bathroom, small rooms and narrow corridors.

All these, from the point of view of modern people, shortcomings were associated with reducing construction costs and the desire to provide separate housing for as many citizens as possible. Despite all the flaws, these were still separate apartments in capital buildings, with gas stoves, water supply and sewerage, which in those years was the ultimate dream for most citizens.

Since the initiator of panel housing construction was the then Chairman of the Politburo N.S. Khrushchev, these panel houses and apartments in them were popularly called “Khrushchevkas”. The name quickly took root in everyday life and became a household name. Many people now no longer think about the source of its origin. Meanwhile, much has changed in the almost half century since then. Standard houses have become taller, and the apartments in them have become larger; the requirements for housing have changed even more. But panel and brick Khrushchev buildings still make up an impressive part of the housing stock. And it will not be possible to completely replace them with modern housing anytime soon.

Therefore, for now, at best, they are being overhauled or reconstructed. (you can find photos of such updated Khrushchev buildings in the corresponding section of our website). What should the inhabitants of Khrushchev's houses do, who do not have the opportunity to purchase a modern apartment, but want to improve their living conditions? The only solution is redevelopment.

Advantages and disadvantages of houses of the Khrushchev era in the context of redevelopment...

Redevelopment of a Khrushchev building is a fairly common occurrence. Since in such apartments usually only the external and inter-apartment walls are load-bearing, (except for some panel series) the owners have a wide choice of options for changing the layout of the internal walls. The most common option is to demolish part of the internal walls, move doorways, create an opening between the kitchen and the adjacent room, and combine the bathroom and expand it through the corridor. A “studio” layout is also practiced - combining the kitchen, room and corridor into a single space.

Among the disadvantages, it is worth highlighting the small areas of the premises, which limit both the flight of imagination when developing the project, and are important due to construction restrictions on the same area of the rooms. For example, the minimum area of a room in a one-room apartment should be 14 square meters, in a two-room apartment one of them should be at least 16, the second - at least nine. Often the kitchen area does not fall within these standards and therefore it is impossible to move a living room there (read about moving a kitchen below). The same problems arise when moving interior partitions.

Another nuance is the problem with expanding a small connected bathroom (in these houses it was initially connected - by design decision). Often it is extended into a corridor, but the “corridor” is actually part of the living room, which is a violation. Often such plans coincide with the desire to create a corridor into parts of the living rooms. Below you can see an example of such a “project”.

Prohibitions and restrictions during redevelopment in a Khrushchev house

...one-room apartment to a studio apartment

A redevelopment project for a one-room Khrushchev house is usually easy to coordinate. But it is necessary to take into account a number of features. For example, the mentioned In most cases, a “studio” cannot be created and agreed upon if the apartment is one-room , because according to the law, an apartment must have at least one living room. It must be isolated, have natural light and a plan area of at least nine square meters.

And when you combine a kitchen and a single room, you get a common room - a kitchen-living room, which is non-residential. In this case, the apartment loses its status as a residential premises, and this is prohibited by law. Thus, complete combination of the kitchen with the adjacent room and corridor is possible, at least in a two-room apartment . But at the same time, the entrance to the bathroom should not directly border on the rest of the apartment space - it must be separated by at least a sliding partition. Much depends on the district in which the apartment is located, for example, in a number of districts it is “in principle” prohibited to combine a gasified kitchen and a living room.

...Moving the kitchen into the living room

Also, when redeveloping a Khrushchev building, it is prohibited to move the kitchen to the living space (an exception is a non-gas-free apartment on the ground floor).

In order to approve the redevelopment of the Khrushchev building, it is necessary to submit an application to the housing inspectorate along with a set of documents, and after receiving permission and repairs, make changes to the BTI documents. The examples of redevelopment of Khrushchev buildings given here are, for the most part, arbitrary, since each apartment is individual and the issue must be considered comprehensively.

Options for approving an apartment in a Khrushchev building .

According to a simplified scheme :

Currently, based on the sketch, you can only agree on minor changes - moving plumbing equipment within a bathroom or kitchen, dismantling built-in cabinets, replacing engineering equipment, etc.

The first step to approve the redevelopment according to the sketch is to order a BTI technical passport (an example of a technical passport can be seen at the link). This document is the original one, it shows the existing layout of the apartment and also from it we can find out whether any redevelopment has been carried out in this apartment before.

In general, the approval of the redevelopment of the Khrushchev house according to the sketch is simplified.

At the request of the housing inspection, develop a sketch or preliminary design of the redevelopment.
Mark the proposed changes on the BTI plan.
Submit an application to the MFC (My Documents), they will transfer them to the Moscow Housing Inspectorate, as well as the “plan before” and “plan after”.
After this, an inspector will visit your apartment, who will check the compliance of your actions with the sketch, after which he will issue a certificate of completed redevelopment.
With this document you need to contact the BTI to obtain a new technical passport for the apartment.

The procedure for redevelopment of a Khrushchev building according to the project.

Initially, just as when remodeling according to a sketch, it is necessary to order a technical passport of the BTI, and then obtain a technical conclusion either from a design organization with SRO approval, or from the author of the house project.

Technical conclusion on the possibility of redevelopment.

The technical conclusion provides an answer about the possibility “in principle” of implementing the reconstruction of the apartment. You can get it either from a design organization with SRO approval (if the load-bearing structures of the building are not affected), or from the author of the project, State Unitary Enterprise Moszhilniiproekt - an organization that develops projects for which the author of the house design is unknown or absent. In order to know for sure whose technical conclusion you need, you should contact the Moscow Housing Inspectorate.

Note* For complex redevelopments, it is enough to develop a technical report from the author of the house project, and order the redevelopment project itself from another design organization, especially if you plan to coordinate the project with the help of intermediaries. Firstly, a project in a private company may cost less than that of the author, and secondly, approval specialists will not have problems with unfamiliar documents.

Apartment redevelopment project.

The apartment redevelopment project is a rather voluminous document, which includes:

explanatory note
general part, which describes the design features of the building and apartment in which the events are planned
general conclusions and recommendations for work
apartment plans before and after redevelopment, as well as installation and dismantling plan,
axonometric diagrams for connecting plumbing equipment
floor plan with explication
and some applications, the list of which may vary.

We have already talked about this above, but a redevelopment project can only be developed by an organization with SRO approval; otherwise, the project will not have legal significance.

After the development of project documentation, the approval stage begins. A properly completed package of project documentation must be submitted for approval to:

Statement of the established form
Technical conclusion and redevelopment project.
A notarized copy of the title documents (if you do not agree on it yourself)
Technical passport of the BTI apartment

In some cases, additional documentation may be required:

Permission from Moskomarkhitektura (if the facade of the building and its appearance are affected)
Minutes of the meeting of residents of the house (if the redevelopment is aimed at annexing or changing the common property of the house)
Social tenancy agreement (if the apartment is not owned)
and other documents.

The completed package of documents is submitted to the MFC service, which transfers them to the housing inspection. The period for consideration of submitted materials by the housing inspectorate in all cases is 20 working days.

Once your application has been reviewed, repair and construction work can begin. To do this, it is best to contact a construction organization with an SRO construction permit. It is advisable to record the key points of the work using photographs, especially for hidden work (installation of waterproofing, sound insulation, reinforcement of the opening) - work that cannot be checked without opening the finishing materials.

Options for redevelopment of Khrushchev

Redevelopment in a three-room Khrushchev house

Three-room apartments of this type provide more options for redevelopment, if only because they simply have more living space. A distinctive feature of this redevelopment project for a three-room Khrushchev house is that the owner of the apartment reduced the area of the living room in favor of the area of the corridor, and vice versa. On the other hand, the bathroom was combined and expanded onto the same long-suffering corridor.

the doorway between living rooms 2 and 3 was dismantled, and a partition was erected in its place. Thus, room 2 became isolated.

Redevelopment in a two-room Khrushchev house

Remodeling a bathroom in Khrushchev

At the time when houses of these types were built, the least attention was paid to the comfort of living of citizens. Therefore, at best, the apartment had separate wet areas of very small sizes. And in the majority, they were combined with a total area of no more than 4 meters.

So what should the owners of Khrushchev-era apartment buildings who want to make this space more comfortable do? There can be only one way out here - to carry out redevelopment.

Owners of Khrushchev houses with a combined bathroom have only two options. The first is a more rational arrangement of plumbing fixtures, and the second is an increase in the area of wet areas in the apartment plan due to the corridor.

Owners of separate bathrooms and toilets have more options.

An example of one of the options for remodeling bathtubs in Khrushchev-era apartments is to combine a bathtub and a toilet; this will allow us to slightly increase the area by dismantling the dividing wall, as well as more rationally place plumbing fixtures. And in many cases, after redevelopment, you can additionally install a washing machine there. The most rational way to remodel a bathroom in a Khrushchev-era building is to increase the combination of the bathroom and toilet, increasing the area of the resulting room due to the corridor. With such redevelopment, even the most demanding owner can get a very decent room.

Redevelopment of kitchens in Khrushchev

Kitchens in Khrushchev-era buildings, as a rule, have an area of about five to six square meters. This is extremely insufficient for the convenient placement of kitchen furniture, household appliances and a dining room group. Therefore, redevelopment of Khrushchev-era buildings is often carried out precisely with the aim of solving the problem of a cramped kitchen. The most common option for remodeling a kitchen in a Khrushchev-era apartment building is to create an opening in a non-load-bearing wall between the kitchen and the room adjacent to it to form a single space, provided that these rooms are separated by a sliding partition (by law, kitchens with gas stoves must be separated from the rest of the apartment).

At the same time, a doorway is laid between the kitchen and the corridor, due to which the bathroom is expanded, and the functions of the dining room and living room are combined in the area of the room. The entire kitchen area is used for furniture and equipment. But the redevelopment of the kitchen in Khrushchev does not end with combining it with the room. The gas stove and sink are also usually moved. But it is necessary to take into account that the sink can only be moved within the kitchen area. Sometimes increasing the usable area of the kitchen by moving the dining group into the room and blocking the entrance from the corridor even allows you to install a washing machine in the kitchen, for which there is usually no room in a Khrushchev-era apartment building.