Air purifier what to choose. Which air purifier for an apartment should you choose? Allergy sufferers who cannot tolerate dust

It’s unlikely that anyone will argue that living in a clean apartment is better than living in a mess. And it’s not just about the aesthetic perception of the surrounding space. Dust and dirt can cause various diseases, allergic reactions and simply discomfort. We have already figured out how to properly clean your own apartment. Today there is another issue on the agenda - cleaning the air in the apartment.

Those in power are increasingly thinking about the environmental situation in cities. And the scientific brethren have been sounding the alarm for a long time. The country is full of cities choking on industrial emissions. Household waste landfills surround megacities in a continuous ring. It is not uncommon for people to move to another area due to unpleasant odors and dirty air. And there is no improvement yet.

The only solution left is to take care of yourself. Relocation is not always possible. And where is the guarantee that the same thing will not happen in another area over time? Let's try to figure out how to determine air pollution? What devices will help make the air in your apartment cleaner? Well, at the same time, we’ll tell you who to write a complaint about the pollution of the atmosphere around us.

Air purification in the apartment. A little theory

The composition of the atmosphere is familiar to everyone from school. The basis is nitrogen and oxygen. Only one percent comes from all other gases and other impurities. Every year the amount of suspended matter and unusual substances increases. Power plants, cars, metallurgical and chemical plants constantly emit hydrogen sulfide, carbon dioxide, sulfates, ammonia and other harmful substances into the air.

The easiest way to determine the cleanliness of the air is with your nose. And it's never funny. If there are landfills, smoky enterprises or large highways close to your home, you can feel the smell. Even weak. And you don’t need to pay for an eco-tester :) Naturally, not everything is so simple - it’s not enough to feel the “aroma”, you need to know what it is. It’s easy to find the information you need on the Internet. For example, the smell of rotten eggs means a high concentration of hydrogen sulfide.

INTERESTING. Scientists believe that the main consequences of pollution of the earth's atmosphere are smog, acid rain, destruction of the ozone layer and the greenhouse effect. If the last two problems are not noticeable to the average resident, then smog and acid rain are common phenomena in many large cities. The greatest problems are observed in industrial centers and places where industry is concentrated.

If it smells like sewage, then mercaptan derivatives have accumulated in the air. Difficulty breathing, a distinct chemical smell and taste, a feeling of burning or dust indicate a high content of harmful substances. You need to act immediately. You shouldn’t wait for everything to pass, of course. You need to buy a device to purify the air in your apartment.

If you are “lucky enough” to live in a large industrial center, air pollution can not only be smelled, but also seen. This could be a colored cloud, clouds of dust, or a darkening of the atmosphere. All hope lies in special services involved in air quality monitoring. For example, in Krasnoyarsk this is Krasnoyarsk.nebo or Smoky74.ru in Chelyabinsk. Definitely useful services.

But it is better to buy special analyzers. There is no need to bother with expensive instruments that can show fractions of a percent of a huge amount of substances. A compact integrated analyzer is sufficient. Such a device will show the overall degree of pollution, but will not tell which substances threaten health. But this is not necessary; a signal of danger is enough to take action.

There is nothing complicated in the operation of the device - the color of the indicator will indicate the degree of danger. According to international standards, red means danger, yellow warns of high levels of pollution, and green indicates normal air purity. But the main thing is different: a household analyzer costs several times less than a professional one. You can buy a natural gas analyzer, but this is a little different. Although it will protect against leaks.

Air purification in the apartment. What are the dangers of pollution?

It has long been no secret to doctors what diseases are caused by polluted air. At a minimum, respiratory problems. Frequent colds, allergic reactions, decreased immunity - this is an incomplete list of possible problems. In the worst case scenario, a person faces cancer. For example, when the concentration of formaldehyde in the air has been exceeded for many years.

What can be done? How to protect yourself and loved ones from harmful consequences? Unfortunately, there is no simple and universal solution. After all, we won’t really be walking the streets in a gas mask or respirator :) We definitely need to install a purifier in the apartment. But moving around the city is more difficult. We close the airways with a scarf and quickly leave the dangerous place. If you feel worse, call an ambulance!

Which air purifier to choose . Main types

Technologies make it possible to purify the air of any type of pollution. There is no shortage of household versions of cleaners on the market. This device is designed to work in a room of a certain area. Hence the conclusion - the larger the apartment, the more powerful the purifier is needed. Accordingly, the cost increases depending on the class of the device. And if you decide on a complex gadget with ionization or humidification, get ready to shell out a tidy sum.

Cleaners are divided into several types based on their operating principle. Let's say right away that there are no universal solutions. Some devices are good at cleaning dust and particles. Others remove inorganic compounds. Still others retain organic matter. Much depends on the filter used. Now let's look at the main types of air purification devices and analyze the advantages and disadvantages.

Air purification from dust in the apartment - electrostatic filters

Purifiers with a “plasma” filter create an electrostatic field in the air flow path, due to which suspended particles collect on the surface of the filter. The efficiency of the devices reaches 90 percent. The second advantage is ease of use. Plates made of special alloys are used as a filter, which are easy to clean from contaminants.

But there are also negative aspects. The cleaner operates based on a certain amount of dust. If the concentration of suspended matter is higher than normal, then the filters cannot cope. As a result, the device either becomes clogged or begins to leak dust. So when purchasing, carefully study the performance characteristics. For rooms where asthmatics or allergy sufferers live, we recommend choosing devices with several degrees of cleaning.

Which air purifier to choose - ionizers

We are looking at a completely different type of air purifier. In fact, it is a complex consisting of several elements. Each part is responsible for its own cleaning method. This means that ionizers are more versatile than plasma filters. The first stage of cleaning is the capture of large particles using foam filters. Then the photocatalytic filter comes into play - complex chemical compounds are destroyed.

IMPORTANT! The main air pollutants are: carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides II and IV, sulfur dioxide, heavy metal compounds, complex organic compounds. Ozone is considered a hazardous substance. Despite performing an important function - protecting the planet from cosmic radiation - the substance is harmful to living organisms in large quantities.

The air then enters under the germicidal lamp and passes through the plasma filter. The last stage of purification is the adsorption of negatively charged ions. The multi-stage design has undeniable advantages - the filters are cleaned separately. The system does not require replacement; it is enough to periodically wash the plates and vacuum the foam filter.

How to choose an air purifier for your home - HEPA filter

The operation of such devices is based on the passage of air through a special fibrous material, folded in a certain way like an accordion. The structure of the filter is such that the purifiers are able to effectively retain even plant pollen. So the device is ideal for people suffering from allergies. The second advantage is simple operation. It is enough to clean the container with the filter element once or twice a year.

How to choose an air purifier - photocatalysts

Interesting devices that can retain suspended particles and neutralize chemical pollution. The arrangement of the filter elements allows you to trap solid particles, spores, dust mites and animal hair. The main part is an ultraviolet lamp and a special catalyst. Photocatalytic purifiers can be equipped with plasma or carbon filters.

The main feature is a chamber with a catalyst. Here complex compounds are decomposed into safe components: water, carbon dioxide and oxygen. This avoids the formation of sediment, meaning this element will not require frequent replacement. Photocatalysts easily cope with exhaust gases, phenol, formaldehyde, soot, tobacco smoke, household chemicals and substances of natural origin.

Which air purifier to choose for an apartment - ozonizers

The operation of such devices is based on the strong oxidizing abilities of ozone. A small amount of gas can decompose almost any compound, both natural and artificial. Ozone is created directly when the purifier is operating using a strong electrical discharge. Everyone knows the fresh smell after a thunderstorm. This is exactly the process that occurs in the ozonizer.

There are more than enough positive aspects - the destruction of microorganisms, spores and viruses, the decomposition of complex compounds. In addition, the device is able to disinfect furniture, clothing, food, and eliminates unpleasant odors. But there is also a minus - in large quantities, ozone is harmful to the body. We advise you to use the ozonizer strictly according to the instructions or turn it on when none of the residents is at home.

Cleaning the air from dust in the apartment - carbon filters

This technology is widely used not only for air purification. Think of activated carbon tablets or water purification filters. The carbon filler is a fine filter and cannot work independently. HEPA filters or photocatalysts are used as additional elements. No other way. The coal component is not able to stop biological pollution.

When choosing a device, we advise you to pay attention to the composition and structure of the filter plate. The best option would be a corrugated design with medium-sized granules. This will reduce air flow resistance and increase filtration quality. Most models do not require constant monitoring. Carbon elements need to be changed every 6-8 months. One more thing - do not use such cleaners in bathrooms or bathrooms.

Water air purifier

Not long ago, the terms “hydrofiltration” and “air washing” came into use. The principle of operation has been known for a long time, but its implementation in household appliances happened relatively recently. These purifiers mix air with water until a homogeneous mixture is formed. As a result, the impurities settle, and the separated air comes out. Often, “air washers” are equipped with an ultraviolet lamp and a photocatalyst.

FACT. According to WHO, every eighth person who died during the year was affected by air pollution. At the end of 2015, this is approximately 7.5 million. Studies have revealed a direct relationship between air purity and diseases of the heart, blood vessels, respiratory tract and cancer.

The integrated approach effectively removes particulates, neutralizes chemicals and neutralizes biological activity. Such cleaners are considered the most productive. The cleaning effect is about 95 percent. Add air humidification and you get excellent protection for your home atmosphere.

Air purification and humidification in the apartment

Humidifiers purify the air to a lesser extent. The main function of the device is to create an atmosphere with a given humidity. This is achieved by injecting purified steam. Devices are divided into three classes: mechanical, ultrasonic and steam. Most models, in addition to humidification and partial cleaning, are capable of aromatizing the air. We recommend choosing humidifiers that use ultrasound.

Mechanical devices make a lot of noise. Steam generators that operate by heating water consume quite a bit of electricity. And the steam is hot :) unlike other types of humidifiers. In terms of maintenance, “ultrasound” is also preferable. Scale does not form in the system, like with steam generators. There is no need to change cartridges, as in mechanical humidifiers. It is believed that the latter last a long time. But it all depends on the composition of the air.

Air Purifier Rating

It is difficult to compare cleaning systems operating on different principles. Although recently manufacturers have been trying to produce universal cleaners that combine the advantages of different cleaning methods. By the way, there is an indicator of the efficiency of such devices - GOST R EN 1822-1-2010.

If you look at sales of cleaning equipment, several brands are clearly in the lead: Boneco, AOS, Ballu and Venta. The average price for the products of these manufacturers is approximately 15-17 thousand rubles. Not weak, but for so many “pieces of paper” we buy a universal air purifier with a bunch of additional options and a minimum of noise.

Models from Sharp, Aic and Daikin are cheaper due to their focus on the main function. The number of “left” options is minimal, humidification is also secondary. Nevertheless, the devices do an excellent job - the indoor air meets environmental standards. All that remains is to look at the “best of the best” :) So, the best air purifiers.

LG Puri Care AS60GDPV0. Without exaggeration, the device can be called a modern technological gadget. What are air purity sensors worth? One controls the presence of dust, the other controls odors and gases. Signals from the sensors go to the processor, which selects the operating mode. We can say that the purifier constantly monitors the situation and selects the optimal mode. The only and not frail minus is the price. This miracle of South Korean technology will cost almost 60 thousand.

Boneco H680. An interesting solution allows you to separate air purification and humidification. As they say, whoever likes what :) The hybrid filter can easily cope with ordinary dust, pollen, spores and unpleasant odors. About a liter of water per hour is consumed for humidification. If you look at the filling, then we actually have a climate control system - the system monitors the air condition and selects the desired mode.

Dyson Pure Hot + Cool. A kind of combination of a fan, purifier and heater. But it copes with air purification with a bang. By the way, the model has been certified for use by patients suffering from allergies and asthma. Heating may be needed in cold summers, but this is not a fact.

Xiaomi Mi Air Purifier 2. A unique device of its kind. It seems to be sold here, but at the same time it doesn’t seem to be :) According to official data, the company does not supply this model to the Russian market, but you can buy it without any problems. The characteristics are impressive - in 10-15 minutes the air in a room of 20 square meters is completely purified. A combined filter capable of removing dirt, odors, organic matter and chemicals. I was pleased with the price - only 8.5-9 thousand.

IQAir HealthPro 250. The Swiss pay a lot of attention to design in their repertoire. But it’s also a sin to complain about the work of a cleaner. Triple purification is able to filter out any impurities, be it gases, spores, pollen or regular dust. According to independent tests, it is 99.97 percent effective.

What is an air purifier

The technical component has been discussed, so we will not return to this issue. If we look at the problem of clean air from the point of view of an ordinary city resident, then a cleaner, albeit expensive, but a necessary gadget in our apartments and houses. In areas where the situation is favorable, you don’t have to install it. But exhaust fumes and dust will not go away.

Finally, a little advice. If you experience unpleasant odors for a long time, call Rosprirodnadzor. It is this office that is responsible for the environmental situation in the country. You can contact the regional Departments of Environmental Management or the Ministry of Emergency Situations. The last option is relevant for smoke and odor that is clearly of chemical origin.

Air purifiers: who needs them?

To provide homes with fresh, clean air in poor environmental conditions of the city, household air purifiers were created. In a short period of time, the developers equipped air purifiers with a huge range of different filters capable of high-quality filtering of air. It seems that if you think about it, is a household air purifier really so necessary for people?

Cities and towns are constantly being landscaped, thousands of trees and shrubs are being planted, and flower beds are being planted. Logically, the atmospheric mixture should be clean. But statistics stubbornly claim that the number of allergy sufferers is growing every year. The reason is not only poplar fluff, but also major contamination - animal hair, dust, viruses, bacteria, unpleasant odors.

Why purify indoor air?

The environment around us, the air we breathe, concrete walls heated by the sun, smog - contain many harmful substances. Their content in the atmospheric mixture is an order of magnitude higher than the permissible standards for normal human existence. Caring about the condition of the air we breathe, the health of children, and maintaining immunity, we strive to protect ourselves and our environment by purchasing a room air purifier. This compact desktop device, which is very inexpensive, will help you avoid many health problems.

Everyone knows that near highways and residential buildings the level of pollution with nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide exceeds its norms by 10-15 times. The atmospheric gas that surrounds us contains an incredible amount of harmful substances. Their large list includes skin scales and hairs, particles of ordinary dust, fungal spores, eggs and dust mite particles. A home air purifier can be useful in literally every apartment.

Without thinking, people fill their apartments with materials such as MDF, chipboard, various paints and other similar things. Artificial products made from mass-produced waste wood are directly responsible for the smell of “newness” after renovation, because they fill the air with toxic pungent fumes, filtered by an air purifier. If you do not purchase a purification device, then the air in a residential building becomes unsafe for human life, and even more so for allergy sufferers. It's up to you to decide which air purifier to choose, but the fact that it is necessary is obvious.

Offers for air purifiers from the company website

Our online store has a wide range of air purifiers available. Premium and economy class devices from trusted developers are at your service. It is difficult to choose the best brands from them, since all these brands have earned good user reviews:

Neoclima,
Airfree
Ballu,
Timberk,
Atmos,
Daikin,
Boneco,
Stadler Form,
Dyson
Faura,
Hisense,
Hitachi,
Termica.

Among them, everyone will be able to choose and buy the most suitable model, especially since many devices have a price that is affordable for a wide range of consumers. If you live in Moscow, the product will come directly to your home, and a company specialist will install it and tell you how to use this device.

Do you dream of breathing fresh and clean air, but there is a dusty metropolis around you and you don’t have time to get out into nature? Do you love pets, but allergies prevent you from having a pet? Modern purifiers are designed to realize the dream of all residents of industrial centers and big cities. They are capable of providing crystal clean, healthy air to a car, a room, and even an entire apartment.

But when choosing a health device, it is important to be guided not only by the original and beautiful design. It is necessary to select a cleaner depending on the conditions of future use, the desired functionality and the general reputation of the manufacturer.

We have compiled a list of the best air purifiers based on expert assessments and reviews from real customers. Our recommendations will help you make a choice that suits your needs and desires. There are many competitors in the global technology market, but we have selected the best manufacturers and recommend paying special attention to them:

Boneco
Timberk
Philips
Polaris
Tefal

For apartments For allergy sufferers Budget Average Expensive Ionization HEPA filter Area: up to 30 sq.m. Area: over 30 sq.m.

*Prices are correct at the time of publication and are subject to change without notice.

Air purifiers: For apartments

*from user reviews

Minimum price:

Main advantages

The memory function allows the device to remember the last operating mode. When you turn it on again, there is no need to configure the device again
The purifier kit includes a remote control. You can quickly change operating modes even at night right from your bed
The built-in ionizer saturates the air with negatively charged ions, which allows you to create an atmosphere natural for wildlife
Harmful gases and impurities (carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, ammonia and others) are broken down and neutralized thanks to a cold catalyst
The purifier is equipped with a powerful but quiet electric motor, which allows you to use the device in recreational areas

Show all products in the category “For allergy sufferers”

Air purifiers: Budget

*from user reviews

Minimum price:

Main advantages

An air purifier with multi-level step-by-step filtration, first using preliminary cleaning from large particles of debris (dust, pollen, wool, hair) and then with a special system of high-tech filter elements until the air flow is completely cleaned

Thanks to the HEPA filter (purification class H14), not only small particles of dirt are removed, but also viruses, mold and other pathogens, various allergens, pollen, etc.
Using a coconut shell carbon filter, vapors, gases and unpleasant odors are actively absorbed. The filter element retains almost all harmful chemical compounds
An ultraviolet lamp, sterilizing the air flow, destroys germs and bacteria, and a photocatalytic filter coated with titanium dioxide, under the influence of UV rays, oxidizes organic compounds, decomposing them into carbon dioxide and water
With the help of negative ions, oxygen molecules are activated, which increase performance, reduce fatigue, normalize sleep and increase the overall tone of the body.

Show all products in the "Budget" category

Air purifiers: Medium

*from user reviews

Minimum price:

Main advantages

A modern air purifier with the most effective seven-stage cleaning cycle, including plasma (electrostatic) cleaning technology. Manufactured using the most modern materials and innovative solutions
Multi-stage filtration ensures the removal of dust, pollen and other allergens, pathogenic bacteria, unpleasant odors, including tobacco, creating a favorable indoor microclimate
There are six power modes that allow you to configure the device depending on the degree of environmental pollution
Informative display with timer and color air quality indicator facilitates visual monitoring and increases usability
You can configure and control the operation of the air purifier using the remote control, focusing on the readings of the pollution indicator

Show all products in the category "Medium"

Air Purifiers: Expensive

Area: over 30 sq.m./ For apartment / Dear

Main advantages

Vitashield IPS technology is used to purify the air. This allows you to capture microparticles smaller than 2.5 microns and is a proprietary Philips development
In automatic mode, the device itself analyzes the degree of air pollution and selects the appropriate cleaning intensity with disinfection
The purification system condition monitoring sensor signals the need to replace or clean the filters. This allows you to use the device with maximum efficiency
Complete capture of dust, hair and other allergens occurs within an hour
Viruses and bacteria are removed from the treated area in just 30 minutes

For apartment / Expensive / Area: up to 30 sq.m.

Main advantages

An air purifier with simple touch controls, which facilitates the operation of the model, making it easy to configure independently or select one of three preset operating modes (AUTO, SLEEP, POWER)
An innovative multi-stage cleaning system using a combination of filters effectively captures harmful impurities, dust, pollen, and various allergens that pollute the surrounding air.
There is a filter contamination indicator, which will promptly indicate that the filter element is full and it’s time to replace it.
A special container for aromatic oils allows you to deodorize the air in parallel with cleaning, filling the surrounding space with pleasant odors
To increase ease of use, an air quality indicator and a timer are installed that turns the device on or off at a selected interval of up to nineteen hours

By default, air exchange in the apartment is provided by natural exhaust ventilation. Remember the holes with bars under the ceiling in the bathroom and kitchen. From them there are ventilation ducts from the apartment to the common building exhaust shaft, which goes out onto the roof. Through these channels, stuffy air is removed from the apartment to the outside. But it is necessary not only to remove the air, but also to supply fresh air from the street.

Air can enter the home through open windows. But as soon as they are closed, the street air stops flowing into the apartment. And without inflow there is no exhaust. On the other hand, dirty air with impurities of exhaust gases, allergens and bacteria enters the apartment through open windows. If you are allergic, then in the summer poplar fluff, plant and flower pollen are added here. And in winter, during a period when the immune system is weakened by the fight against viruses and microbes, open windows give you “dangerous” drafts, which does not bode well for your health.

There is a solution - install a fresh air ventilation system. They are designed to bring in fresh air and have various filtration options. There are heated appliances, which is important in the cold season. Suitable for apartments, houses and offices up to 100 m2.

Why is forced ventilation needed?

without forced ventilation

With traditional ventilation through windows into the apartment dirt, noise, bacteria and odors enter.

With forced ventilation

Inflow Provides ventilation and purifies incoming air simultaneously.

What to look for when choosing supply ventilation

It can be central or compact. Central - this is when there is a ventilation unit under the suspended ceiling or on the balcony, driving air through pipes that are stretched throughout all the rooms. Such ventilation “eats up” a lot of space, requires serious repair work and is expensive. Central ventilation makes sense if you have a private house or apartment at the stage of major renovation.

If the apartment already has a fine finish, then it would be a pity to destroy the interior to install air ducts. It is easier and cheaper to install compact supply ventilation: a ventilator or a breather. These are small devices that are installed on the wall and supply fresh air through a through channel. .

Performance. According to the standards, the minimum productivity is 30 m3/hour for one person. To ensure there is enough fresh air for all family members, it is advisable to have a fan in the supply ventilation. The more powerful it is, the more fresh air it will bring in.
Air filtration. City air is an explosive mixture of exhaust gases, dust, industrial emissions, and in the spring also allergens. A good cleaning system with several filters can contain this entire cocktail. For large particles - a class G (coarse) or class F (fine) filter, for small particles - more efficient class H filters (so-called HEPA filters), for harmful gases - carbon filters.
Price. Compact devices are noticeably cheaper than central supply and exhaust ventilation. It costs about 100 thousand rubles and even more.
Extra options. There are devices with heated air in the apartment, with different numbers of fan speeds and, accordingly, with different noise levels. Useful options - Wi-Fi module, CO2 level sensor.

Below is a comparative table in which you can evaluate different types of supply ventilation according to all the listed parameters.

Options for ventilation systems for apartments

Type of supply ventilation	Performance	Filtration	Extra options	Price with installation
Supply valve	from 0 to 54 m3/h for one room	No	No	RUB 5,900
Ventilator	from 10 to 160 m3/h for one room	or carbon filter, or coarse filter G3	no air heating low noise level, 7 speeds	RUB 22,490
Breezer	from 30 to 130 m3/h for one room	three filters: fine filter F7, HEPA filter H11, carbon filter	heating from -40°С to +25°С with climate control, average noise level, 4 speeds	RUB 28,900
Central supply ventilation	about 300-500 m3/h for the whole apartment	additional filters for an additional fee: coarse filters G3-G4, thin filters F5-F7, carbon filters	water or electric air heating, low noise level, at extra charge you can install modules air cooling and humidification	about 100,000 rub. + expenses for additional modules + repair costs

In all respects, compact supply ventilation is not inferior to central ventilation. As for the cost, for a large apartment it is cheaper to install 2-3 ventilators or breathers than to spend money on central ventilation. And the same amount for repairs after laying air ducts.

Choose a supply valve if you live in an ecologically favorable and warm region, want to protect yourself from street noise and minimal ventilation is enough for you (at the level of a slightly open window).
Choose a ventilator if you live in the same warm and environmentally friendly region, but you want more intensive ventilation compared to a slightly open window.
Choose a breather if you live in a noisy and dusty city and you need a lot of air - not only fresh, but also clean.

People with allergies to pollen, animal dander and other organic irritants are recommended to install air purifiers indoors. Household appliances are also useful for city residents whose homes are located near industrial zones and busy highways. Modern models protect the user from dust, harmful aerosols and unpleasant odors. How to choose an air purifier for a city apartment - read on.

Methods for purifying room air

Effective air flow purification involves two operations:

removal of the smallest particles and impurities;
deactivation of harmful microorganisms.

There are several methods for solving these problems. Let's take a closer look at those that are used in home air purifiers.

Mechanical particle capture (HEPA filters)

It is carried out using fibrous materials that work on the principle of a sieve. HEPA is the designation for all such filters, adopted in the West (regardless of the degree of purification) and has recently become widespread in the territory of the former USSR. Previously, such elements were known as “Petryanov fabric”.

HEPA is an abbreviation for the term High Efficiency Particulate Arrestance, in Russian - “highly efficient particle capture.”

Filters of this type used in home air purifiers look like an accordion-folded sheet of paper-like material. This is the most effective means of delaying mechanical impurities:

has a meager breakthrough coefficient (the ratio of dust content in the air at the filter outlet to the contamination of the inlet flow);
captures particles up to 0.3 microns in size (for example, the thickness of hair is 80...120 microns, pollen - 10...250 microns).

The filtering capacity of the element is periodically restored with a vacuum cleaner; at the end of its service life, the accordion is replaced. If this is not done, the filter turns from a dust cleaner into a pollutant, since it saturates the air with particles that previously fell on it.

Flaws:

High aerodynamic drag is the downside of efficiency. A HEPA dust collector requires a fan to create a powerful air flow.
Special disposal is required: pathogenic microorganisms are likely to multiply on the filter. Catchers with bactericidal impregnation pose less danger.
The element does not retain chemical gaseous impurities. These include substances that are registered by the sense of smell as unpleasant odors.

Adsorption-catalytic method (carbon filters)

Through special processing, carbon is converted into activated carbon containing many micropores. Due to their small size, the pores easily capture molecules of foreign gases and allow only air to pass through. A carbon filter purifies the room atmosphere from unpleasant odors, tobacco smoke, car exhaust and emissions from nearby industries.

Various devices use round and rectangular carbon cassettes

Purifiers of this type, like HEPA, after their service life is exhausted, pollute the air with accumulated material, and therefore require timely replacement.

Attention! Carbon absorbers do not tolerate high humidity: under such conditions, the filter material “sinters” and stops performing its functions.

Electrostatic elements

An electrostatic filter (otherwise known as a plasma ionizer) is a set of plates with metal threads installed between them. A potential difference is applied to these elements, an electric field is formed around them, and a corona discharge is formed on the threads themselves. The latter causes the occurrence of ionic current between the conductors and plates. Dust in the passing air flow is ionized (magnetized), then, under the influence of an electric field, is attracted to the plates.

Note. The filter must be cleaned of accumulated dirt 1-2 times a week.

Photocatalytic purification

This filter contains two components:

catalyst plates, usually made of titanium dioxide;
Ultraviolet lamp.

Under the influence of ultraviolet irradiation, all organic substances that fall on the catalyst enter into a photochemical reaction with the oxygen contained in titanium oxide. As a result of oxidation, they decompose into carbon dioxide and water. Microorganisms are also subjected to chemical combustion, so the photocatalytic filter also has an antibacterial effect.

The principle of operation of the photocatalytic element is the decomposition of pollutants by OH hydroxide radicals under the influence of UV radiation

Disadvantage of the element: such a device is incapable of capturing inorganic impurities, for example, construction dust.

Hydrofiltration

Water filters are available in two versions:

Conical. The device is equipped with a cone that creates a wet mist in a water tank by rotating it. The air blown through this suspension is saturated with moisture, and the mechanical impurities contained in it become wet, become heavier and settle.
Disk devices differ from the previous type in their operating principle: instead of a water curtain, a rotating cassette of plates installed with a gap is used. The flat parts are located vertically and are half recessed into a container of water.

Explanation. As a result of the rotation of the cassette, the plates are constantly moistened. Air is blown through the gaps between them, causing most of the mechanical impurities to remain on the wet surface. Adhered dirt is washed off the next time the “blade” is immersed in water.

Air washers are positioned as “two-in-one” devices: they combine the functions of humidification and air purification. This is definitely a plus. But the hydrofilter, first of all, is precisely a humidifier - it cleans the atmosphere of the home very mediocrely. Only large particles are retained, and not all of them; cone models are powerless against dirt that is immune to getting wet. Such a device will not help a sensitive allergy sufferer.

Peculiarities:

The water in the tank is changed periodically - dirt accumulates in it. Ideally, daily maintenance is required.
Poorly treated water in the sink “blooms”, especially when the household appliance is idle for a long time. It is not recommended to fill the cassette with tap water - distilled water is needed.
High humidity in the device causes intensive development of colonies of microorganisms, therefore it is highly advisable to perform disinfection (disinfection). Ultraviolet lamps are often built into air washers.

Advice. If there are high requirements for cleanliness, it is wiser to purchase a high-quality air purifier and, for example,. Or invest in an air conditioning complex consisting of a full-fledged air purifier and a cold evaporation humidifier.

Disinfection

The destruction of harmful microorganisms is carried out using ultraviolet lamps. They also die, as already mentioned, on the catalyst of the photocatalytic filter.

Recently, some manufacturers have begun to use ozone for disinfection. Oxygen molecules are converted into it during an electrical discharge (ozone formula is O3). This gas is a strong oxidizing agent, and at a certain concentration is destructive for all living things. At the outlet of the purifier, it is neutralized by a special adsorption-catalytic filter.

Criteria for choosing a household appliance

When considering which air purifier to choose for your home, you should pay attention to the following points:

method of cleansing;
device performance;
electrical power consumption;
noise level and functionality.

Cleaning methods involved

The best air purifiers contain several filters of different types (multi-stage cleaning). It is important that they include an effective HEPA filter. Today, so-called filterless climate systems are actively advertised, which do not burden the user with the need to periodically buy replacement filters. There are no HEPA or carbon dirt traps in them, but only:

ionizer (see below);
photocatalytic and electrostatic unit.

Such devices are ineffective by definition, because the listed catchers are elements of auxiliary air treatment and here’s why:

Photocatalytic decomposition takes time, and contaminants travel too quickly in the air stream. Please note: not all organic matter is amenable to such breakdown.
Electrostatic filters are effective when the plate area is large. Household models are distinguished by small-sized blocks, therefore they are unable to purify the air of all impurities.
The ionizer acts on dust like an electrostatic unit and, for the same reasons, cannot retain it completely.

By the way, the term “HEPA filter” does not mean high-quality filtration. This is the general name for all fabric dust collectors. To make the right choice, it is worth checking the class of the product. The European standard EN 1822 identifies 17 such classes - from G1 to U17.

Reference. Each category of fabric elements corresponds to an MPPS value (Most Penetrating Particle Size) - the largest size of particles passed through. Filters of the highest category retain particles with MPPS = 0.3 microns.

Filter classes are combined into groups:

rough - G1…G4;
fine cleaning - F5…F9;
high efficiency filters - H10…H14;
ultra-high efficiency - U15…U.

The best purifiers necessarily contain a carbon filter and three HEPA filters of different classes - coarse, medium and fine (the latter - not lower than H11). Antibacterial impregnation of the filter surface would be a good addition.

Note. For rooms with strong unpleasant odors, manufacturers produce reinforced carbon filters.

Device performance

Typically, the characteristics of the device indicate the maximum area of the room for which it is designed. But this is a relative indicator. It is more correct to take the air performance and correlate it with the volume of the room for which the device is selected. Under normal conditions, a single air exchange is required (1 room volume per hour). For allergy sufferers - three times.

Calculation example. For a room of 50 m² with a ceiling height of 2.5 m, an ordinary person needs a purifier with a capacity of 50 x 2.5 = 125 m³/h, and an allergy sufferer needs 50 x 2.5 x 3 = 375 m³/h.

Noise level

All air purifiers make noise “thanks to” the built-in fan and, since the devices operate for a long time, the sound level is important. The model is selected taking into account the installation location. For example, in an office, even a noisy system will not cause discomfort, but a bedroom requires quieter equipment.

According to medical standards, the maximum permissible noise level during night sleep is 30 dB. There are air purifiers that are so quiet that the user has to visually check that the device is working.

Installation options

Household air purification systems are available in three versions:

desktop (low-power models);
wall;
floor

Advice. The choice in favor of the desktop version should be made with caution for those who have a small child in the family. It is not desirable for him to have access to the device.

Floor-standing models are superior to wall-mounted models in terms of mobility - if necessary, the device can be temporarily moved, for example, to the kitchen. But such purifiers take up more usable space, especially since they cannot be placed close to the walls. The minimum permissible distance for different models is from 15 to 50 cm.

The desktop version (left) is suitable for a small room, as it has low productivity

Additional functions

Some air purifier models come with useful features:

Aromatization. The device mixes aromatic oil vapor contained in a special cartridge into the air flow, that is, it works as a freshener. The function is useless in devices equipped with a carbon filter that eliminates odors.
Fresh air from outside. In addition to the standard recirculation mode, the purifier works like. That is, the outside air enters the room already clean, which reduces the risk of allergies and other diseases to a minimum. Some models are equipped with an air flow heater. Such stations are called ventilators or breathers.
Filter contamination indicator. A convenient, cost-saving feature: filters are changed when really needed.
Automation functions: dust/air pollution control, timer.
Night mode. When activated, the device runs much quieter, but at the same time performance decreases.
Ionization.

In part, the ionizer helps filter the air by acting on dust like a magnet - impurities are electrified and then attracted to a horizontal surface (it is periodically wiped). But the main job of the device is to saturate the air with positive and negative ions.

The beneficial effects of negatively charged oxygen ions on human health have not been well proven.

Marketers are positioning the ion module as extremely necessary - according to them, the air after filtration loses charged particles and becomes dead. Indeed, ions are important for the normal functioning of the body and their quantity is even regulated by the regulatory document SanPiN 2.2.4.1294-03 “Hygienic requirements for the aeroionic composition of air,” but with regard to ionizers, experts state the following:

the benefits of artificial ions have not been confirmed in any way;
the ionizer may exceed the concentration of charged particles beyond the permissible level (the mentioned document stipulates not only the minimum, but also the maximum amount);
this module can produce ozone, which, when the maximum permissible concentration is exceeded, has a toxic effect on the body.

For reference. Ozone in acceptable quantities is not recognized by smell. If you smell “fresh” or “like after a thunderstorm,” it means that the maximum permissible concentration has been exceeded and the room urgently needs to be ventilated.

The question of the advisability of using ionizers remains controversial. One way or another, many experts recommend abandoning this option.

Review of popular models

A potential buyer should pay attention to several proven air purification systems. Let's consider 4 models from different companies.

Daikin is a Japanese manufacturer that produces household and semi-professional versions of air purifiers (Daikin Siesta and Daikin MC704VM).

Characteristics of Daikin MC70LVM:

number of cleaning stages: 5 standard + our own development - Flash Streamer technology to combat unpleasant odors and formaldehyde fumes;
power consumption - 65 W;
air capacity - 55–420 m³/h;
optimal serviced area - 46 m²;
noise level - 16 dB;
control - remote control.

The disadvantage of the model, in addition to its high cost: during operation, the smell of ozone is heard, which indicates that its maximum permissible concentration is exceeded. For a review of another modification of the Daikin brand, watch the video:

Inexpensive air purifier Ballu AP-430F7 with the following characteristics:

number of filtration stages - 7;
power consumption - 91 W;
room area - up to 50 m²;
productivity - up to 270 m³/h;
noise level - 53 dB;
number of operating modes - 3;
control - touch screen.

The Chinese device Xiaomi Mi Air Purifier 2 is equipped with two filters:

external: mesh and HEPA pleated are installed in it. Their task is to retain solid suspensions;
internal: filled with activated carbon produced from coconut shells. Gaseous pollutants and odors are adsorbed here.

In a cubic meter of purified air, up to 518 thousand particles of 0.3-0.5 microns in size remain. You can control the operating mode and monitor the degree of air pollution using a smartphone.

Reference. The productivity of Xiaomi Mi Air Purifier 2 is about 300 m³/h. This model can clean the air in a room of 23 m² in 600 seconds.

The classic Panasonic F-VXK70R climate complex has three stages of cleaning + humidification:

Odor and gaseous contaminants are absorbed by the carbon filter.
The HEPA filter copes with allergens and fine dust.
A layer with green tea extract reduces the activity of viruses.

In an hour of operation, the device purifies 402 cubic meters of air. This is quite enough to clear dust from a room of 52 m2. According to the results of many tests, the Panasonic F-VXK70R confidently takes 1st place among the reviewed units for treating room air.