Task for the design of external systems. Terms of reference for designing a house

The terms of reference is the initial document intended for the design development of a construction facility, containing all the data about the facility and all the characteristics that the facility should have after completion of work. Judging by the text composition, we can say that the terms of reference for construction are an example of what the customer wants.

Approximate content of the terms of reference

The ideal drafted terms of reference for the construction design should include all the information that the customer can provide.

The customer must clearly understand what he wants to get at the output, and convey this information to the contractor.

The terms of reference usually consists of the following sections.

Total information

This section should contain the following information (at the discretion of the customer):

• Justification of construction - an order of the head of the customer organization or another document.
• Type of construction - newly started, reconstruction or other.
• Full name of the client organization.
• Information about the features of the site allocated for construction - geological features, type of soil, location of groundwater, the presence of vegetation for felling.
• The main requirements for the object: type of object, purpose, number of storeys, the possibility of using standard projects or only individual ones, the building area and the admissibility of using the underground space of the site.
• Priority of construction - if there is a priority for the start-up of equipment or installations at the facility.
• Necessary dates for the start and completion of construction. Desired delivery date. This item must be present in any technical task. The date of delivery of the object must be earlier or coincide with the date of the contract.
• The degree of reliability of the building (in accordance with the requirements of GOST 54257-2010).
• The design characteristic is the number of stages.
• Availability of initial documentation for construction, including all permits.

Design Requirements

• The completeness of urban planning solutions is the need for landscaping, landscaping of the site. This paragraph should also contain requirements for the placement of the construction object on the site.
• Site architecture, including façade solutions and building energy efficiency solutions. At this point, you can also specify the number of balconies, windows, the placement of the main and emergency exits and their design.
• Features of constructive solutions: the proposed type of foundation, walls and ceilings.
• Finishing solutions: the possibility of using local or imported materials, recommendations on their use and on the choice of colors.
• Engineering solutions: efficient location of utility networks, including a solution for optimizing water supply and sanitation.
• Energy supply of the facility and its efficiency. In this paragraph, you can even include the required number of outlets in each room.
• Lighting design. The item may include the requirement to carry out the necessary calculation of the lighting standards for each room in the facility.
• The need to design security systems (burglar and fire alarms or both security and fire separately), data transmission systems and other systems (ventilation, heating, air conditioning).
• The infrastructure of the object and the site - the presence of parking lots, footpaths, well-maintained access roads.
• Customer requirements for the content of design and estimate documents and the form of their provision.
• The need for feasibility studies of all calculations.

Additional instructions

This paragraph should indicate those requirements of the customer that are not reflected in the previous paragraphs. For example, the availability of demonstration materials, the need to develop various passports for a future facility, the number of copies of project documentation.

As practice shows, such a complete construction task is developed only in cases of large newly organized construction of objects, including shopping centers and residential complexes. The information on each item should be as complete as the customer sees fit.

Terms of reference design options

There are no uniform requirements for the design of technical specifications.

That is, the form of the task is almost arbitrary, but as understandable as possible for the performer. You can complete the task in the form of continuous formatted text, or you can also in tabular form.

1. Terms of Reference No. 1. A variant of questions that should contain the terms of reference for the construction of a house of the future (smart home). This option is suitable for particularly demanding customers when planning large-scale individual residential construction.
2. Terms of Reference No. 2. Ready-made terms of reference for the design of the hotel, which maximally reflects the requirements for the construction as a whole and the design features of the facility.
3. Terms of Reference No. 3. This example is the terms of reference for the construction and design of a warehouse complex with office space, executed in solid text.
4. Explanation of the form of technical specifications (with examples) from the center for the protection of developers. This page provides samples of approved assignments for various types of work.

Responsibility in the preparation of terms of reference

When drawing up such a document as a technical assignment for the construction of a building, the customer needs to formulate all the important points as clearly as possible. The content of the task should not cause controversial issues or double perception. This document has legal weight and is mandatory attached to the contract between the contractor and the customer in the form of one of the main applications. For the correctness of the assignment, administrative responsibility lies with the direct executor.

An obligatory stage of cooperation between the customer and the design organization is development of technical specifications. Properly drawn up technical specifications are half the success of design. The terms of reference should be as detailed and detailed as possible - only this approach ensures complete understanding between the customer and. In order for the design to be carried out without hitches, time delays and technical problems, it is necessary to responsibly draw up the terms of reference.

Basic principles for the development of terms of reference

The customer does not always have special knowledge for the competent preparation of technical specifications. Therefore, this document is developed jointly by the customer and engineers. Leading specialists of the design organization take part in the development of tasks for complex objects. The main task of technical specialists is to professionally "filter" abstract ideas and determine which ideas can be technically implemented. Engineers provide the customer with preliminary information about the difference in the design time of simple and complex ideas. Technical specialists analyze the initial data and find a balance between the requirements of the customer and such factors as the reliability of the object, the complexity of design, and the cost of construction. Competent communication between the customer and engineers allows us to find the “golden mean” in all significant parameters and ensure the profitability of the facility.

Initial documents for the development of terms of reference

To obtain a complete picture, the customer must provide the design organization with the maximum set of initial documentation. Short list of source documents:

• approved engineering survey plans;
• the decision of the executive authority on the approval of the construction site;
• site plan with designation of communication connection points;
• technical conditions for connecting networks;
• architectural and planning task;
• a list of unique requirements for an object.

The order of development of TK

To draw up a technical assignment for the design, the customer contacts the specialists of the design organization for a preliminary discussion of the concept. Brief requirements of the customer are drawn up in the form of a questionnaire or formulated in any form. The main parameters that are determined at the very first stage of drawing up the TOR: area, number of storeys, shape of the building, type of facades, materials used, individual features of the object. These parameters are included in the architectural and planning task for the design.

Having received the initial information, technical specialists provide recommendations for optimizing the building structure and its main parameters. After agreeing on all the nuances, the finished technical task is drawn up as a separate document and sent for approval. Only after the signatures of the customer and the contractor are put on the TOR, the design organization proceeds directly to the design. The assignment is part of a legal agreement (contract or agreement) to carry out the design work.

Approximate composition of the design task

Common data.

• Type of construction and basis for design.
• Full name of the customer and contractor organizations.
• Scope and stages of design work.
• Construction stages.
• Complexity category of the object.
• List of special conditions for the construction and operation of the facility.
• Terms of design and construction.
• Initial documentation for design.

Design requirements.

• Data on the land plot, planning restrictions, landscaping, soil type, location of groundwater and green spaces.
• Technical and economic indicators of the object (productivity, power, throughput and other indicators depending on the specifics of the building).
• For manufacturing enterprises - requirements for technology and mode of operation.
• Requirements for the layout of the object on the land.
• Requirements for planning and architectural solutions (number of floors, area, finishes, facades, materials, architectural style, colors, etc.).
• Requirements for constructive solutions (foundations, ceilings, walls, stairs, roofing, partitions, etc.).
• Requirements for external and internal engineering networks (heat supply, water supply, communications, power supply, drainage, lighting, ventilation, alarm).
• Requirements for infrastructure, landscape design of the adjacent territory.
• Building energy efficiency requirements.
• Requirements regarding the need for a prospective expansion of the facility.

Additional instructions. This section may include the unique requirements of the customer, such as the need to prepare demonstration materials and the number of copies of project documentation.

The PNProject company guarantees the high-quality execution of design work, subject to a detailed study of the TOR. The task should be free of controversial points, each technical detail should be clearly articulated without the risk of ambiguity. The terms of reference have legal force, therefore, its preparation should be approached professionally and carefully. In this case, it is much better to spend more time developing technical specifications than to rush and later reap the unpleasant “fruits” of an unprofessional approach. Therefore, in cooperation with customers, we insist on a clear, in-depth and detailed study of the initial data and a qualitative study of the terms of reference.

Have you decided to build your own country house in order to be able to enjoy peace, quiet and clean air in your free time? You can only be congratulated! Yes, a lot of trouble awaits you - buying a plot, building a house, resolving legal issues, but the result is definitely worth it.

But before starting construction, you should transfer the terms of reference for the design of the building to specialists in order to get a full-fledged project of the future home.

Building project example

Before you start drawing up a full-fledged project at home, you need to do some preliminary work. And draw up a document on the basis of which the architects will work on its implementation. This document will be the terms of reference for the design of the house.

It presents the regulatory and technical requirements, the purpose of the future structure, the time limits for the execution of work, and many other things important for the construction. The preparation of this document involves various measurements and studies.

Here, many people have a question - do you need a project at all? After all, a small house of one or two floors is being built, and not a skyscraper! So is the project a necessity or would it be a waste of money in this case? This is a very serious issue that should be dealt with before making important decisions.

This document is a fundamental element of the project, and consequently the construction itself. This document regulates the relationship between the client and the contractor.

According to the terms of reference, the work is carried out in the prescribed manner, the principles and tasks of the contractor's activities are determined. Thus, it turns out that according to this document, the client can visit the facility under construction and check the compliance of the work performed with the project documentation.

At the same time, for the contractor, the terms of reference for designing a house are all the necessary data that give a complete picture of the parameters of the planned building and the ability to actually draw up a specific plan for the implementation of this.

First you need to decide on the minuses - there are much fewer of them. Or rather, just two:

1. You will have to spend a decent amount on designing a house. In some cases, the cost of the project reaches 3-5% of the cost of the house, which scares away potential home owners;
2. When the task of completing the work on drafting a project is transferred to specialists, you will not always be able to quickly see the result of the work. Some companies, not appreciating the time of their client, can provide a finished project only after a few months.

Finished building project

On this, the shortcomings of the construction with the project end. Then there are only the advantages, which, according to most people, outweigh the disadvantages:

As you can see, there are much more pluses than minuses. Now you can decide for yourself whether to spend money on building design or whether to try to do all the work without a project.

Is the existence of the project a necessity from a legal point of view

Often people who decide to build their own house simply do not know if they will receive a building permit if they do not have a project for the future building. Because of this, they cannot make the right decision. In some cases, they waste money, and in others, they get to work, only to find out very soon that the construction is being carried out illegally.

The Urban Planning Code contains article No. 51, which says that it is possible to obtain a building permit without a finished project. So, only the developer himself decides whether to spend money on the project or not.

However, there are certain limitations here.

The area of ​​the house should be no more than 1500 m2, and the house itself should not have more than 3 floors.

Although, such houses are built by an extremely small number of people, and those who can afford it will certainly not be forced to save money, and will be able to afford the services of even the most expensive designer.

How a project is created

A project can be created in different ways. Some future home owners prefer to do all the work themselves. To what extent is this justified and is it permissible at all? This will be discussed below.

An alternative to independent drafting is the conclusion of a cooperation agreement with a specialized company. In this case, you will get only the preparation of the terms of reference - the rest of the work will be done by the specialists themselves. However, for many inexperienced people, such a statement can frankly frighten.

Sample cooperation agreement

When developing this document, the features of specific construction works are taken into account. It is the specifics of the future construction that determine the design features of the task. At the same time, the client must, without fail, transfer to the contractor all the initial documents, including permits on the approval of the place of future construction, justification of investments, and an act of site selection.

The terms of reference for designing a house should be drawn up taking into account information on the implementation of a set of activities in research, architectural planning and experimental design areas. Also, the document must necessarily reflect the possibility of connecting the future building to engineering systems and communications.

In fact, the terms of reference are often drawn up during a normal conversation with specialists. You will be asked leading questions, and from the answers received, the terms of reference are formed, on the basis of which the project of your house will be developed.

Typically, the questions might be:

• Structure, what shape and size do you plan to order?
• Will it be connected to engineering networks, and if so, to which ones?
• What materials will be used in construction?
• What should be the design of the main elements?
• What construction timeline will suit you?
• How much are you willing to spend on building a house?

As you can see, these are fairly simple questions that every person who can at least vaguely imagine his future home can answer. Based on your answers, specialists will be able to draw up a detailed project.

Moreover, most often several projects are compiled so that you can choose exactly the one that would suit your taste. By the way, the best solution would be to entrust the design of the house and its construction to one company.

This will achieve several benefits:

1. You can get a certain discount, since you order a whole range of services from one company (with such significant costs, even a saving of 1-2% will be a considerable amount).
2. If any defects are found during the operation of the building, you know exactly who was the culprit of their occurrence, and you can go to court. If the project was developed by one company, and another was engaged in the construction of the house, it is highly likely that representatives of the companies will blame each other, which will make it almost impossible to find the last one.

We create a project on our own

So, you have decided to develop a project according to which the house of your dreams will be built. As mentioned above, this is legally quite legal - you can simply sketch out an approximate project, which will indicate the shape and size of the premises, and start construction based on this project. As a result, you can save tens of thousands of dollars. But is this method always optimal?

Home design mistakes

The advantages of such a solution include savings and short terms, but this is where the advantages end. But the risk of making mistakes is quite large if you have never developed building projects. In addition, poor knowledge of the building materials market often prevents amateurs from choosing the most effective technologies and solutions. It is possible that as a result the built house will be very different from the one you imagined in your dreams.

In general, self-design is permissible only in cases where you are building a small country house. In many cases, its low weight eliminates the need for a massive foundation. In addition, if it will be used only in the warm season, there is no need to connect it to various communications - the only exception is electricity.

Professional foundation waterproofing

If the house needs a high-quality foundation, reliable vapor barrier and thermal insulation, and for a comfortable year-round living it is necessary to connect heating, cold and hot water supply, connect sewage and carry out gasification, it would be better to entrust the work to professionals. An amateur simply will not be able to take into account all the nuances, as a result of which a lot of effort, time and money will be spent, and the built house will leave much to be desired.

Perform in accordance with the technical conditions, the requirements of the current regulatory documents. Provide for the project:

1.Power supply

The project provides for the required number of distribution (main) electrical panels that are power supply centers for large tenants (grocery hypermarket, electronics supermarket, etc.)

2. Main switchboard (MSB)

Provide for the installation of the required number of main switchboards. Each main switchboard must have two main busbar sections with circuit breakers. Provide a sectional switch between sections.

The technical characteristics of the main switchboard are to be determined by the project, to use the IEK equipment or other certified equipment.

MSB-0.4 kV cabinets must be one- or two-sided maintenance (specify in the project). In each MSB (ASU) it is necessary to provide a reserve of 15% of automatic switches for outgoing lines and a reserve of 15% of free space for the possible installation of additional equipment (circuit breakers, etc.).

3. Accounting for electricity

Commercial electricity metering should be provided on the introductory panels of the main switchboard with calculated three-phase meters.

4.Electric panel boards

Panel boards should be mounted and floor-mounted in housings with a protection class of at least IP20. In technical and wet rooms, provide for the installation of shields with a protection class of at least IP44. Use circuit breakers as protection devices for group cables extending from shields. As introductory switching devices in the boards, take - knife switches. Use thermal relays as motor overload protection devices.

Develop emergency lighting boards (ESA). Boards must be equipped with contactors, lighting control using buttons and switches. Develop power supply panels for power outlets and working lighting (SchRO).

Develop power supply panels for rental areas (SCHRA).

To develop power supply panels for computer sockets (SC) for office premises.

Develop power supply panels for technological equipment (SC).

Shields (shells) should be manufactured by Schneider Electric and IEK.

Switching and protective equipment should be provided by Schneider Electric and IEC.

5. Main cable routes

The main cable routes should be made with steel hot-dip galvanized ladder-type cable shelves and sheet cable trays or wire trays.

Lay electrical and low-current cables through different cable shelves or one by one through a metal partition.

The supply main lines should be made with a PVC-insulated cable. Lay the cables openly in the cable trays. Supply cables (up to switchboards) should have a bandwidth margin of 10-15%. All metal cable structures are grounded

6. Wiring

For electrical wiring, use PVC-insulated cables with copper conductors. Lay cables:

Hidden in PVC pipes behind suspended ceilings;

Hidden in PVC pipes in grooves with subsequent sealing;

Open on cable shelves;

Open in decorative cable ducts and skirting boards (office premises).

The type of cable laying in the room is determined in accordance with the draft design. Make the wiring replaceable.

7. Wiring and wiring products

Develop a power network of household outlets. Distribute sockets throughout the premises based on the location of technological equipment and household needs. All electrical installation products must be of the appropriate protection category, depending on the category of the room.

To connect personal computers, provide for the installation of four power outlets at workplaces, two of which must be powered from the power distribution network of computers from the corresponding switchboards.

8. Electric lighting

The project provides for the following types of lighting of the premises of the building: working, emergency.

The voltage of the general lighting network is 380/220 V, the voltage on the lamps is 220 V, the maintenance lighting voltage is -36 V.

To illuminate the premises, use luminaires with fluorescent lamps, halogen lamps and incandescent lamps in accordance with the purpose of the premises, architectural and technical requirements.

Along the evacuation routes, provide for the installation of light indicators with a stencil on the front side indicating the direction of the exit. Connect light indicators to the emergency lighting network.

Provide for a power reserve for the installation of advertising design of facades, displays, shop windows according to the data provided by the Customer.

Provide lighting for corridors, passages, general premises. Lighting for tenants is not provided.

Use lamps manufactured by Lighting Technologies.

Wiring accessories - produced by Schneider Electric and DKS.

Cable support systems - DCS.

9.Power supply of fire fighting systems

Provide power supply for fire alarm systems, smoke exhaust systems and air overpressure from the ATS section of the main switchboard, or from two or two inputs (provide for the installation of an ATS device locally).

Lay mutually redundant cables of fire protection systems along different routes.

10. Grounding

Apply earthing system type TN-C-S. As a grounding device, use the reinforced concrete base of the building (if necessary, make an external lightning protection circuit from a 5x40 strip). The project provides for a potential equalization system.

11.Lightning protection

Lightning protection of the building shall be performed in accordance with RD 34.21.122-87.

12. Transformer substation and main switchboard

Provide a built-in transformer substation.

Accept the following equipment:

high voltage switchgear - brand RM-6 manufactured by Schneider Electric;

low voltage switchgear - based on components (switching devices, switchboards, etc.) manufactured by Schneider Electric;

transformers - dry brands Trihal manufactured by Schneider Electric.

Terms of reference for design

The development of an automation project is based on the technical specifications for the design, which is drawn up by the customer or an organization that performs the technological part of the project. Sometimes the organization carrying out the automation project is involved in compiling the task.

The design task is a document that determines all technical issues related to the design.

In the design task, the main fundamental issues should be resolved and all requirements and wishes for the design of automation systems should be identified. It specifies:

name of the enterprise and the task of the project;

basis for design;

composition of the designed object,

a brief description and main characteristics of the technological process and equipment;

organization of operational management of the facility with a listing of control points (central, dispatching, workshop, etc.),

indicating their location and relationship;

a list of planned measures for the reconstruction and mechanization of production processes in the design of automation of existing facilities;

a list of controlled and regulated quantities indicating the characteristics of the medium,

the required accuracy of control and functional features of devices (indicating, self-recording, etc.), and for regulators - the permissible deviation limit of controlled values;

list of remote-controlled power equipment indicating control points, the nature of the impact and the location of the equipment.

Together with the design assignment, the following source materials are submitted:

technological schemes with pipeline communications and an indication of their diameters;

drawings of industrial premises with the location of process equipment, pipeline communications and recommended installation locations for switchboards and control panels (plans and sections);

drawings of rooms for placing boards and consoles;

power supply schemes for powering automation systems;

power supply circuits for automated electric drives;

circuit diagrams of drives,

air and water supply schemes indicating pressure, temperature, availability of air-drying devices;

list of instruments and automation equipment supplied complete with the equipment.

The design task is approved by the authority, which will further approve the technical project.

Projects of automation of technological processes with the use of control computers (CCM) are developed on the basis of previous research work.

When designing automation systems for technological processes using UVM, the following materials are additionally submitted to the design assignment:

data on priorities and time characteristics of solving automation problems;

the results of research work, including the delivery of all the first designed automation tasks using computer-aided computers with machine algorithms and programs.

When creating a process control system, the stage "Terms of Reference" is recommendedshould be done step by step:

The first stage - a preliminary survey of an automated object - consists in determining the types and volumes of R&D necessary for a detailed justification of the feasibility and feasibility of creating a system.

The second stage - pre-project research work - consists in identifying and analyzing the most complex management problems for a preliminary choice of ways to solve them.

The third stage - preliminary development of process control systems - consists in the development of basic materials confirming the feasibility and possibility of creating an automated process control system. At this stage, it is recommended to carry out an experimental verification of control algorithms using mock-ups of nodes of the APCS being created,

Draft development is completed, if necessary, by adjusting the feasibility study related to clarifying the list and characteristics of the functions implemented by the system.

The fourth stage - the development of terms of reference for the creation of an automated process control system - consists in drawing up, based on the results of pre-project work, terms of reference for the creation of the system.

After approval, the terms of reference is a mandatory source document for all subsequent work on the creation of the system.

The terms of reference are approved by the ministry (department) of the developer and the ministry (department) of the customer and must be agreed with all organizations participating in the Works (co-executors).