Lily home: planting, reproduction and care at home. Eucharis - the grace of the Amazonian lily Caring for indoor flowers lily

Lily is truly considered a royal flower. Even in ancient Greece, this flower was exalted, endowing it with the symbolism of purity and tenderness. Further in the article we will talk about a room lily, which is not inferior in its beauty to a garden flower of the same name. How to care for a room lily at home?

The name "room lily" combines many types of potted flowers with dark green leaves, delightful, orchid-like flowers and a subtle, delicate aroma.

If in ancient Greece only white domestic lilies were grown, today there are more than 300 colors and species united by this name. The most popular are white, purple, scarlet, golden. By the way, many flower growers also refer to the well-known amaryllis (hippeastrum) as a variety of domestic pot lily. However, this hypothesis has many opponents.

The snow-white room lily Apollo is truly magnificent, the flowers of which (12 cm in diameter) resemble bells, united in large brushes. It is noteworthy that the white lily, in particular Apollo, is used as a medicine. Tincture from its petals has an analgesic and wound-healing effect; in addition, white lily flowers are used in cosmetology.

Varieties

More than 300 varieties of room lily are known, which are combined according to the shape of the flower into 3 types:

funnel-shaped;
fez-shaped;
cupped.

The petals of the funnel lily are similar to the trumpet of a gramophone. The most common varieties:

Royal;
Mid-Century;
Long-flowered.

The petals of the fez-shaped lily are turned outwards, like those of a garden flower. L. Citronella, Dwarf - its most famous varieties.

The cup lily is distinguished by a variety of colors. Its wide open petals resemble an asterisk (see photo). Its varieties are known as:

Lily is beautiful;
Gilded;
Empress of China.

How to plant a lily?

It is preferable to plant home lily bulbs in autumn (it can also be done in winter), and it is advisable to place several bulbs of approximately the same size at a distance of 5 cm from each other in a pot (clay or plastic). When the lilies bloom all together, it will be very beautiful.

Capacity selection

What capacity to choose for a lily? It depends on the height of the flower that it can reach. Some varieties are able to grow more than a meter. In this case, choose a pot 35-40 cm high. Bulbs of more compact varieties can be planted in smaller pots. As for the width of the containers, the choice here depends on the number of bulbs planned to be placed in it.

For planting one bulb, a pot of 20 cm in diameter will be enough. And if you put 2-3 bulbs in it, then, accordingly, select a larger container. Here you also need to keep in mind that over time “kids” will appear, and there will not be enough space for them in a narrow pot.

Priming

Lily will feel comfortable in soddy soil, mixed one to one with compost or humus. For 1 liter of soil mixture, add 50 g of mineral fertilizers: nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and magnesium.

Important! Before planting, it is recommended to keep the bulbs in the refrigerator for about 2 weeks at a temperature of 4-5 ° C, and then place them in a solution of potassium permanganate for 2 hours. These measures will neutralize pathogenic bacteria from planting material.

The prepared substrate is disinfected with boiling water with manganese dissolved in it.

Landing steps:

Cover the bottom of the container with drainage.
Press the bulbs a little into the ground with the tops up.
Fill with earth 15 cm from above.
Water the soil with warm water.
Place the pot in a dark place until the bulbs germinate.
As soon as shoots appear, pour the earth into the pot.

When transplanting an adult lily (and they do it after flowering), you need to cut the flower stalks, separate the children from it, inspect the bulbs, and only then transplant them into another pot with a fresh substrate.

Growing from seeds

Indoor lily can be grown not only from bulbs, but also from seeds. This method is considered safer, since the seeds are in a box and are rarely infected. Collect or purchase seed material and bookmark them at the end of March. You can sow in February, but then additional lighting is required.

Scatter the seeds in seedling containers at a distance of 1 cm from each other. For this purpose, it is better to purchase ready-made soil. And cover the seeds with sand on top, and the boxes with foil. After 20 days, the seeds will hatch, but for this, keep the containers in a warm and dark place at a temperature of 20-22 ° C. As soon as sprouts appear, put the boxes closer to the light, for example, on a windowsill. However, the light should not be too bright. Onions with 2-3 leaves carefully dive into separate containers.

Subtleties of care at home

Careful care is the basis for the fact that the lily will bloom magnificently. And although there is nothing complicated in the growing process itself, you should not leave the flower unattended. As for the rules and subtleties of care, they are as follows:

Temperature regime: lily prefers an average temperature and perfectly tolerates small fluctuations within 17-30 ° C.
Light: The flower needs indirect, diffused light. In the shade, the plant will wither, and under the bright rays of the sun, the leaves will get burned. So it is important to stick to the golden mean here.
Watering: done in small portions as the soil dries. Lily loves spraying very much, and you should not deprive her of this pleasure. But you need to spray before flowering: lily petals do not like moisture.
Top dressing: carried out every 7 days. After germination, you can feed with organic compounds, a week later with fertilizers that stimulate growth, before flowering - preparations with phosphorus and potassium. During budding, it is recommended to fertilize with fertilizers for flowering by spraying.
Fresh air: A month after planting, the lily should be accustomed to open air, but this should be done gradually, with preliminary hardening. For the first time, take the flower out for 30 minutes, then every day increase the time spent in the air up to 10 hours. At the same time, make sure that the night temperature is not lower than 10 ° C, otherwise the beginning of flowering will be delayed.

Diseases and pests

Indoor lily is rarely affected by any misfortune. Unless you create conditions for this. For example, too dry air contributes to the appearance of spider mites, mealybugs and aphids on the flower. The plant will begin to hurt, and this cannot be overlooked by the following signs:

The leaves will start to turn yellow and fall off.
The plant will become lifeless, growth will slow down.
The stem of the flower is attacked by insects.

Insecticide preparations will help to cope with insects, which must be used according to the instructions.

Advice! To moisten the air around the flower, pour expanded clay into the pan and moisten it regularly.

Excessive moisture also harms the flower, so it is necessary to maintain an optimal watering regime. Otherwise, the lily will undergo gray rot.

Fusarium is a disease that can affect the root system of the bulb. Signs of the disease: falling off, yellowing of the leaves, followed by the destruction of the bulb. To prevent disease, hold the bulb before planting in a solution of manganese or foundationazole.

In conditions of very warm and humid air, a fungal disease can develop, which will result in yellowing of the leaves and stem, and then the death of the flower.

In conclusion, we only add that the indoor lily needs to be replanted at least 1 time in 2 years, and for lush flowering, you need to create a cool wintering for the flower. If all of the above conditions are met, the indoor lily will delight its owners with magnificent flowering every year.

Lily is an ornamental deciduous plant that is part of the Amaryllis family and has a fairly large number of species and varieties. All of them are beautiful in their own way and differ in individual requirements for care and maintenance. However, at home, they grow mainly compact and low specimens, such as eucharis or Amazonian lily. Indoor hybrids are more tenacious and not as capricious as garden varieties, they are able to grow for several years without a transplant.

Lilies are valued by gardeners for their ease in regulating the flowering process, which is convenient for forcing to a certain significant event.

Species and varieties

Home lily can be grown in a pot up to one and a half meters in height, but undersized bushy varieties are still preferred. All representatives of this genus have a bulbous rhizome. The foliage is belt-shaped, rich green in color. The buds come in different colors: white, orange, yellow, scarlet.

According to the structure of the flower, lilies are conditionally divided into several categories:

Cup-shaped - the buds in the open state resemble a bowl.
Funnel-shaped - the perianth is formed in the form of a tube with an expanded top.
With curved petals - the group is small and cannot boast of a large varietal diversity. These flowers do not reach a height above 60 cm. The flowers are small, about 4–5 cm in diameter.

Asian hybrids, which are also called eucharis, are easier to care for. They feel comfortable in the sun and in the shade, do not need abundant watering, and have high decorative qualities. The complete absence of aroma can be considered a minus, although for allergy sufferers this can turn into a virtue.

The most popular varietal forms of eucharis:

Sander.
Masters.
Large-flowered (Grandiflora).
Toothless (Kallifruria).

The following types are usually bred in pots, described in the table:

Name	Description	Photo
Asian	Among all varieties - the most unpretentious to the ground and the environment. The group includes many different varieties, different in color and flowering time. The flowers are funnel-shaped or cup-shaped with a stamen in the middle. Plant height varies between 0.5–1.3 m
Oriental	Numerous group of lilies, distinguished by exquisite beauty and pleasant aroma. Flowers are chalmoid and tubular configuration. Particularly demanding on the soil and are often affected by viral diseases. Prefer loose, nutritious soil with an acidic environment. They like a lot of sunlight and do not tolerate drafts. At home, low-growing varieties are selected, about 50 cm high. In the garden, they can stretch up to 2.5 meters
Curly	Frost-resistant hybrids, suitable for both outdoor and indoor cultivation. They rarely get sick. They do not tolerate too acidic soil, so sawdust is not used for mulching. They grow and develop better in shading, but they do not die in the sun either. Perennials that can not change location for several years. Flowers drooping, bloom on the tops of long erect stems, 1.1–1.7 m high. Need a garter
Golden	Bulbous perennial with a rhizome diameter of 14–16 cm and vertical peduncles from 50 cm to 2 m high. The flowers are large, wide, with long curved petals, fringed along the edge. The main background is white, with yellow longitudinal stripes in the center and black scattered specks. They emit a persistent pleasant smell. Blooms in August - September. susceptible to fusarium. Prefer good lighting, high humidity
Royal	Tubular varieties of meter height. The leaves are long, narrowly elongated, 8-13 cm long. The flowers are voluminous, tubular, mostly white, with a yellow throat and a dense bunch of stigmas. Petals are even, rounded, arched. Up to 6 buds bloom on one peduncle. Varieties are able to maintain their original qualities regardless of the method of reproduction. Plants are unpretentious and easy to care for
Dwarf	They are optimally suited for indoor cultivation, due to their unpretentiousness and compact size. They have a decorative appearance only during the flowering period, the foliage is not so attractive. Characterized by accelerated growth, they begin to bloom 2 months after planting
Longiflora (domestic lily)	Appreciated by amateurs and professional gardeners for showy and fragrant flowers. However, they are considered difficult to care for when grown outdoors, so they are more common on window sills at home. Buds like bells, with narrow curved petals. Stems up to one meter high. Mainly grown for cutting
Hippeastrum	Outwardly similar to amaryllis, but upon closer examination, differences are observed. The stem is dense, upright growing, without voids inside. It blooms with buds of various shades (depending on the variety). The bulbous rhizome is usually round or slightly elongated, with white scales. Most varieties remain green at rest.
Amaryllis	Sheds foliage before entering dormancy. It blooms in early autumn, but with proper care and growth conditions, it can bloom again at the end of winter. The peduncle, unlike the hippeastrum, is hollow inside. The flowers are funnel-shaped, with a predominance of red tones with white inclusions. The bulb is pear-shaped, with grayish scales.

Landing and care

Potted and garden lilies bloom at the same time - from June to August. Therefore, landing is carried out in early March. A planter or pot picks up a little more than a flower bulb. Too spacious containers prevent the ovary of buds, since the plant spends all its strength on the development of the rhizome. It is recommended to plant several bulbs of different varieties at once, which in the end will help to get multi-colored bushes.

For lilies, a nutritious soil mixture with the addition of river sand is preferable. You can buy ready-made in a specialized store.

Previously, drainage is placed in the pot, the earth is poured up to half and a tuber is placed in the center. The roots are carefully straightened and only then the lily is buried, leaving most of the rhizome ajar. The container is completely covered with soil when the sprouts stretch 5-6 centimeters above the level of the edge of the pot.

Until the first green growth appears, the lily head is kept cool and shaded, and then rearranged into the light. The best option is a glazed loggia. With the advent of summer heat, the plant continues to grow, but it is necessary to provide a cool and ventilated microclimate. Further development of planting will be successful if optimal soil and environmental moisture is provided. There is no need to transplant a lily into a more spacious container..

Care includes the following activities:

Regularly, but moderately water the flower throughout the spring-autumn period. In this case, it is necessary to ensure that the substrate is constantly wet. Stagnation is unacceptable - this leads to rotting of the bulbs. During the dormant period, watering is minimized.
Foliage is systematically sprayed.
The root space is regularly loosened, mulched from above with humus, peat or sawdust.
Remove weeds.
With the opening of the buds, the stem is tied to a vertical support.

Lily is quite demanding regarding top dressing. During the growing season, at least three such procedures will be required:

in early spring;
before budding;
after flowering (at the end of August).

Suitable liquid mineral fertilizers. Lilies respond positively to the introduction of wood ash into the soil.

Colorful and lush flowering occurs only with abundant sunlight and heat, with access to fresh air. A suitable place for lilies will be the southern windows, which are recommended to be opened after sunset.

From a planted bulb, a full-fledged flower develops only in the second year. At the first flowering, it is advisable to pick the buds immediately, so that all efforts go to the growth of green mass. Subsequently, flowers are removed only from weakened plants. In autumn, the stems are cut almost to the base, and the bulbs are dug up. They store the material all winter in a refrigerator or a cool cellar in a private house, wrapped in a plastic bag with wet moss. You can place the tubers in a container with sand.

reproduction

Lilies propagate by bulbous children and seeds. As the mother bulb grows, many small baby bulbs form, which are the optimal material for the germination of a new plant. It is more convenient to separate them during transplantation, which is usually carried out every 2 years, otherwise the plant will slow down in development. The best time for such manipulations is spring.

Pots for planting take more, with drainage holes at the bottom. First, brick chips or expanded clay are poured. Children should be planted to a depth of no more than 4–5 cm. It is advisable to group the plantings into several pieces, then flowering will come much earlier. Otherwise, the root will increase its volume for a long time to the detriment of budding.

Often lilies are affected by red rot. This is a fungal infection of the bulb, which is characterized by its decay. Occurs when wet and cold. It is necessary to cut off all damaged parts of the plant, sprinkle with activated charcoal. If necessary, the flower is transplanted into a new substrate, while the rot is also removed from the bulb.

The most common problems that arise when growing lilies are described in the table:

Problem	Manifestations and methods of correction
Leaves turn yellow	Moisturizing mode is violated: too frequent and plentiful or rare and scarce. Cold and hard water can also provoke yellowness on leaf plates.
Does not flower outside of dormancy	It is necessary to water the lily less often after flowering, rearrange it in a dark and cool place. If the pot is too big, then transplant the plant into a smaller one.
Unauthorized leaf fall	Falling leaves indicate an unhealthy root system. The plant is completely dug up and the bulb is inspected for the presence of putrefactive formations. When they are found, the affected areas are cut out and sprinkled with crushed coal. Then the lily is transplanted into a new pot with fresh soil.

When choosing a suitable version of a houseplant for decorating an office, a hall or other premises for a strict purpose, we advise you to pay attention to the Amazonian lily (the photo can be seen below).

This is an option that is distinguished by accuracy, clarity of lines and a romantic touch at the same time.

Its second name is Eucharis ("graceful") - a symbol of grace and beauty.

Botanical description

Eucharis occupies one of the leading places in the Amaryllis family. The plant, the care of which is simple, but requires attention and accuracy, has been familiar to European flower growers for a long time, from the first half of the 19th century.

Often decorates homestead territory in areas with a warm climate. In the middle lane, it occupies a worthy place in home greenhouses and office space.

The appearance is not exotic: wide leaves on long petioles, rounded, slightly elongated. The surface is smooth and glossy. The embossed sheet pattern is clearly visible. The color of the leaves is often dark green, although it may change with a change in the usual lighting.

In February-March, the plant throws out one (rarely two) arrows, on which there are several delicate and touching flowers. They bloom gradually, so the flowering process can be delayed for several weeks. Flowers are six-petalled frames for well-developed stamens, collected in a circle.

The plant has a bulbous root system, which ensures its resistance to adverse conditions (drought) for some time. The soil should contain equal parts of turf and peat soil mixed with sand.

This is interesting: Eucharis does not need bright sunlight. The light should fall softly and diffusely, as a wide, smooth surface can get a natural burn. Such lack of demand for sunlight allows you to place the plant in the second tier, under smaller living compositions.

You can place a pot with a room lily on shelves, bedside tables or special stands. Large specimens can be placed on the floor by placing the plant in a large and deep pot.

Features of care

Watering is one of the main requirements in successful care for such an Amazonian beauty. Drying out an earthen coma is also undesirable, as is waterlogging.

The bulbous root system is able to accumulate moisture in significant quantities and for a certain time no longer need it. Therefore, the pot must necessarily have holes to drain excess water.

For irrigation, it is desirable to use water at room temperature, settled for two hours to destroy chlorine and precipitate solid suspended particles that cause its hardness (calcium, phosphates, iron, sulfur, and others).

Whether to use tap water can be decided by knowing its chemical composition and methods of disinfection. For areas with high natural mineralization of water, pre-boiling should be used.

Lily leaves will be happy to spray and create a humid microclimate in the place of its growth. At the same time, flowers do not need droplets of water, so it is better to cover them when spraying.

Once every two weeks, during watering, the plant can be fed using special organic and alternately.

How to transplant a plant

The average frequency of transplanting a plant is once every four to five years.

It is during this period that the overgrown tubers will optimally occupy all the space available in the pot. Transplantation will be effective in the spring, especially in its first half.

Having divided the rhizome into separate bulbs, it is necessary to select healthy full-fledged options and place them in high vessels, at the bottom of which gravel or expanded clay drainage is placed. Planting depth - no more than 5 cm.

In the absence of leaves, it is necessary to ensure that the upper part of the shoot comes to the surface, and is not buried in the ground. In order for the bulbs to start, they do not need to be placed in wide containers at all. For bulbs, this does not matter, and excess soil is excess moisture.

Reproduction methods

The only way to propagate is to transplant individual bulbs.

True, as a result of flowering, seeds ripen, which theoretically can be used for the emergence of new plants.

But in practice, this method is practically not used.

Why the plant does not bloom

According to the observations of numerous flower growers, a domestic lily does not bloom if:

the pot with the plant is large, which only contributes to the growth of the leaves;
the soil is constantly in a state of waterlogging;
its temperature is above 20-22 o.

Note: to achieve flowering, it is necessary to dry the lump of soil in which the lily grows, cool it to 15 o and hold it at this temperature for a week or two. Then raise the temperature sharply (using artificial soil heaters or placing the soil with the bulb wrapped in polyethylene in a warm environment, for example, a thermos).

A plant like eucharis, at first glance, is unpretentious and hardy. It has biological protection against diseases and grows well, rapidly increasing in size.

At the same time, it is vulnerable and sensitive. You must constantly feel the love of the owner and his positive energy. Only in this case will it respond with the unsurpassed beauty of flowers and the luxury of leaves.

How to properly care for the Amazon lily, see the advice of an experienced gardener in the following video:

Lily (lat. Lilium) - a perennial flowering plant, belongs to the class of monocotyledonous, lily-colored order, lily family, lily genus. These beautiful flowers have been known since ancient times. The image of a lily is found on frescoes, vases, coins of various ancient civilizations - Greece, Rome, Egypt, Persia. In many nations, this flower is considered a symbol of purity, innocence, purity. The name lily in translation from the ancient Celtic means "whiteness", and from the ancient Gaulish - "white-white".

Lily - description, structure, characteristics. What does a lily look like?

Lilies have a bulb, which is a shortened stem and consists of separate, adjacent to each other scales, which are modified leaves. During the growing season, nutrient reserves are deposited in them. Scales are different in size, shape, location. In summer, they grow, starting from the center of the bulb. The outer scales periodically die off. Depending on the species, they are the size of an oatmeal (in the oat lily (L. avenaceum)), and are up to 10 cm in diameter (in the Henry lily (L. Henryi)). Usually the number of scales is 8-40 pieces, but sometimes they can be 100-120 pieces, as, for example, in the bulb of the Kesselring lily (L. Kesselringianum). From each scale separated from the bulb, a new bulb can form.

The structure of the lily bulb can be of various types: concentric, stolon, pseudo-stolon, rhizome. Depending on the species, the bulbs have a different color: white (Asian lilies), purple (tubular lilies), yellow (Caucasian lilies).

From the base of the bottom of the bulb, the main or subbulb roots grow, for the most part perennial. With their help, the plant stays in the ground and feeds. These species include pure white lily (L. candidum), tile lily (L. testaceum), etc.

Most lilies have stem or supra-bulb roots. They grow from a short underground part of the stem and serve to nourish and absorb moisture from the surface layer of the soil, and also help to keep the stem upright. Such roots die off in autumn along with the stem. This group of lilies is called stem-root. Its representatives are Lily regale (L. regale), Henry lily (L. Henryi), special lily (L. Speciosum), etc.

Taken from: www.botanicazales.com

The stem of the lily is smooth, sometimes pubescent, brownish or green. Its height can reach 2 - 2.5 m in Oriental lilies and their hybrids, and in some wild species only 15-20 cm.

The stem is covered with sessile leaves. Their placement and shape are different depending on the type of plant. Lily leaves can be whorled on the stem, i.e. several leaves depart from one node, as, for example, in a curly lily (L. martagon), and next, that is, one at a time, like in a drooping lily (L. cernuum). Often these two forms can be combined: at the bottom of the whorl, and towards the top, the leaves are arranged in a spiral. The leaves are linear or lanceolate with longitudinal venation. Their width ranges from 2 to 6 cm, and the length is from 2 to 20 cm. Usually, the leaves are larger in the lower part of the plant, and decrease towards the top. The color of lily leaves is varied: from light green to dark purple. Their surface may be glossy or pubescent. In many species of lilies, mini-bulbs are formed in the axils of the leaves, called bulbs, for example, in the lanceolate lily (L. lancifolium). Once on the ground, they germinate.

The main species characteristics of lilies are the shape, color and size of their flowers. The size of the flower is determined by the diameter and height. The smallest flowers in wild lilies - from 2 cm in diameter, the largest - in golden (L. auratum), beautiful (L. speciosum) lilies and their hybrids - up to 30 cm.

Lily flowers are collected at the top of the stem in inflorescences, numbering from 5 to 35 or more flowers. Occasionally there are 1-2 flowers. Inflorescence types can be as follows:

racemose,
paniculate,
umbrella,
corymbose.

Lily flower consists of 6 petals, 6 stamens with large elongated anthers and pistil. Flowers are shaped like:

tubular,
cup-shaped (or cup-shaped),
funnel-shaped
stellate (star-shaped),
chalmoid,
bell-shaped
flat.

In addition, as a result of crossing different types of lilies, many hybrids appeared, in which the flower shape is a mixture of classical forms, for example, star-shaped flat.

The color of the petals of a lily flower can be very diverse, and as a result of hybridization, the color palette has expanded even more. Lilies come in yellow, orange, red, pink, lilac, apricot, and in between. There are distinct specks on the petals, differing in number, color, size, shape and density of placement. Hybrids have been bred that do not have specks, for example, Connecticut Meid, elegant lily (Narjadnaja). Specks are varietal features of the genus, as are the color of anthers, pollen, stamen filaments, style of pistil and stigma.

Some types of lilies, such as longiflora and oriental, have a pleasant aroma, most trumpet lilies smell strongly, and many Asiatic lilies do not smell at all.

Where does the lily grow?

In the wild, lilies grow in the Northern Hemisphere: in Europe, Asia, several species in North America and North Africa. They occupy a vast territory between 68° N. sh. and 11° N. sh. Particularly rich in lily species are Western China, Southeastern Tibet and Northern Burma.

Wild lilies are found in mountainous areas and foothills, in forests, in glades and edges, in wetlands or open grassy slopes. In the steppe zone, lilies rarely grow. Cultivated varieties of lilies, with proper care, can grow in gardens everywhere.

Varieties of lilies, photos and names

As a result of crossing different types of lilies, about 10 thousand hybrids of this plant arose. In 1962, American breeder Jan de Graaf proposed a classification based on their origin and common biological features. It was accepted as an international classification of lilies and is still used, subject to clarifications and additions. According to this classification, all lilies were divided into 10 sections. The first eight sections include varieties, and the ninth - types of lilies.

Section 1. Asian hybrids (Asiatic hybrids)

Section 2. Curly hybrids (Martagon hybrids)

Section 3. White hybrids (Candidum hybrids)

Section 4. American hybrids

Section 5. Longiflorum hybrids (Longiflorum hybrids)

Section 6. Trumpet and Aurelian hybrids

Section 7. Oriental hybrids

Section 8. Interspecific hybrids (hybrids between lilies 1, 5, 6 and 7 sections LA hybrids, OT hybrids, LO hybrids, OA hybrids)

Section 9. All wild species of lilies and their varieties.

Section 10. Lily hybrids not included in the previous sections.

Section 1. Asian lily hybrids

It has approximately 5,000 varieties of lilies and is the most numerous of all sections. The height of Asian lilies is different - from 40 cm to 1.5 m. These flowers are unpretentious, frost-resistant, rarely get sick, resist pests well, they are easy to propagate. They have large flowers, 10-14 cm in diameter, of the most diverse colors - from snow-white to almost black. They begin to bloom in late June, finish in early August. Asian hybrids were created by crossing East Asian species: Maksimovich lily, tiger lily (Lilium tigrinum), David lily (Lilium davidii), drooping lily (Lilium cernuum), dwarf lily (Lilium pumilum), Pennsylvania lily (Lilium pensylvanicum), single color lily (Lilium concolor) and others, as well as interspecific hybrids: Lilium scottiae, Dutch (Lilium hollandicum) and spotted lily (Lilium maculatum). The plants included in this section, in turn, are divided into groups. There are three such groups. The composition of each of them is determined by the shape of the flower and its orientation:

1a - cup-shaped or cup-shaped flowers directed upwards,

1b - flowers are directed in different directions.

1c - turban-shaped flowers directed downwards (drooping).

Several Asian hybrids have double monochromatic flowers: Aphrodite (Aphrodite), Sphinx (Sphinx), Fata Morgana (Fata Morgana), Elodie (EIodie); and some - double flowers of two colors: Double Sensation (Double Sensation). Asian hybrids are odorless. The following are some Asian varieties of lilies.

Aaron(Aaron)

Asian lily with double white flowers. It reaches a height of 80 cm. It blooms in June - July.

Nove Cento (New cento)

Asian lily. The perianth is bright yellow-green with a small number of dark red dots, the same shade of stigma and rich orange pollen. The diameter of the flower is 15.5 cm. The lily is not very tall: from 60 to 90 cm. It blooms all July.

Mapira (Mapira)

Asiatic lily. The flowers are burgundy-black, iridescent, with bright orange stamens. The diameter of the flower is up to 18 cm. The height of the lily is 130 cm. The flowering period of the Mapira lily is June-July.

Mystery Dream (Mystery dream)

Asian hybrid. Lily with terry light green petals. Dark dots in the center. Not very tall plants, up to 80 cm. They bloom in July-August.

Taken from: www.bakker.com

Double Sensation(Double sensation)

Asian hybrid dark red with a white center. Lily petals are terry. Plant height 60-70 cm. Blooms in mid-summer.

Taken from: www.citychickens.co.uk

Lion Heart(Leon Heart)

Asian lily of an unusual, catchy color. The petals are black with a purple sheen, and the tips and base of the petals are bright yellow with dark purple specks. Flowers 12-15 cm in diameter. It grows up to 60-80 cm. The flowering period of the lily is June - July.

Detroit(Detroit)

Asian lily. The flowers are bright red with a yellowish-orange center, the stamens are yellow-red with dark red anthers. The diameter of the flowers is 12-17 cm. The height of the lily is up to 90-120 cm. The flowering period is June-July.

Taken from: www.about-garden.com

Section 2. Curly lily hybrids (Martagon hybrids)

The section consists of about two hundred species of lilies. Plants reach a height of one and a half meters. They grow in a variety of soil types, preferring shady but not dark areas. Orchards are well suited for curly lily hybrids. It is better not to transplant these lilies, they do not like it. But they are frost-resistant and durable. Lilies of the second section have medium-sized flowers with a diameter of 5-8 cm, with buds looking down, the petals are twisted up. The perianth is covered with dark spots and has a variety of colors: yellow, pink, white, orange, dark red, brownish and light lavender. Peduncles are widely spaced. Curly hybrids are descended from curly lilies ( L. martagon), Hanson ( L. hansonii), copper-shaped ( L. medeoloides), two-row ( L. distichum), Tsingtaut ( L. tsingtauense). Martagon hybrids have a pleasant, delicate flavor. Here are some varieties of curly lily hybrids: Chameleon, Claude Shride, Guinea Gold, Manitoba Fox, Maroon King, Manitoba Morning, Arabian Night ( Arabian Night).

Claude Shride

Martagon is a lily hybrid with a height of 120 to 190 cm. The petals are curved, dark red with a purple tint, covered with yellow-orange spots closer to the middle. Flower diameter up to 10 cm. The plant is frost-resistant and unpretentious. The lily blooms in June.

Slate's Morning

Curly lily hybrid. The flowers are about 10 cm in diameter, the petals are yellowish in color closer to the middle and pink at the edges. The dots are brown, located in the middle of the flower. This lily grows from 90 to 150 cm in height. The flowering time of this variety is June-July.

Section 3. Snow-white hybrids of lilies

The name European hybrids is often used for this section, since they are descended from European types of lilies, such as snow-white lily (L. candidum), chalcedony (L. chalcedonicum) and other European species, except for curly lily. And this section received the name "snow-white hybrids" due to the fact that it includes plants whose flowers are painted in white or slightly yellowish hues. The perianth is tubular or broadly funnel-shaped. The flower reaches 10-12 cm in diameter and smells good. The stem is high: 120-180 cm. Snow-white hybrids of lilies are whimsical, they need attention and care, they are often affected by a fungus, they do not tolerate cold well, they need to be covered for the winter. These lilies love sunny areas. The best varieties of Candidum hybrids include the Apollo variety.

Apollo (Apollo)

Candidum lily hybrid. Blooms from June to July. The flowers are snow-white with small dark dots in the middle, fragrant, 10-12 cm in diameter. Plant height from 80 to 120 cm.

Madonna (madonna

Snow-white hybrid of lilies. Pure white flower 10-12 cm in diameter, tubular with recurved petals. Blooms in June - July. Has a delicate aroma.

Section 4. American Lily Hybrids

These are descendants of species growing in North America: leopard lilies ( L. pardalinum), Colombian lily ( L. columbianum), canadian lily ( L. canadence) and others (total 140 items). They reach a height of 2 m. Flowering time is July. Lily flowers are tubular or bell-shaped, with a diameter of 10-12 cm and a wide variety of colors. The flowers are often bicolored and covered with large specks. Most plants have a pleasant smell. At home, these hybrids are unpopular. They prefer slightly shaded places, but they do not like transplantation. American hybrids are whimsical: they need regular watering and winter shelter. Here are some varieties of American lily hybrids: Lake Tulare (Lake Tulare), Shaksan (Shuksan), Afterglow (Afterglow), Buttercup (Buttercup).

Lake Tular (Lake Tulare)

American lily hybrid. The petals are strongly bent, yellowish in the middle with dark red dots, pinkish at the edges. It grows up to 120 cm in height.

afterglow (Afterglow)

American hybrid. Lily flowers are drooping, turban-shaped, crimson-red, with large dark spots. Tall plant - up to 2 m.

Section 5. Long-flowered lily hybrids

Descended from the long-flowered lily ( L. longiflorum), Formosan ( L. formosanum), Philippine ( L. philippinense) and other tropical and subtropical lilies. The average height of the whole plant is from 1 to 1.2 m, and the height of the flower is 15-20 cm. The flowers are bell-shaped. The buds are multidirectional, drooping. Petals are painted in shades of white. They have a delicate aroma. Long-flowered lilies are more afraid of frost than any other species, since the "parent" species that grow in the subtropical zone of southern Japan are not accustomed to the cold. In colder latitudes than the subtropics, these plants are grown in greenhouses. The best varieties of long-flowered hybrids: White Heaven, White Elegans, White Fox.

White Haven (White Heaven)

Long-flowered lily hybrid growing up to 90-110 cm in height. The flowers are 15 cm in diameter, white with a greenish center and slightly curled petals. Flowering time July - August.

White Fox (White Fox)

Long-flowered hybrid of white color with a slight yellowness. It reaches a height of 130 cm. The length of the flower tube is up to 16 cm, and the diameter is up to 12 cm.

Taken from the site: www.euflora.eu

Section 6. Tubular and Orleans hybrids of lilies

Orleans hybrids - the result of crossing Henry's lily ( L. Henryi) with the following types of lilies: royal lily ( L. regale), glorious ( L. gloriosum), Sargent ( L. sargentiae), sulfurous ( L. sulphureum), white-flowered ( L. leucanthum) and others. There are up to 1000 varieties in this group. The section is divided into 4 subsections, taking into account the shape of the flowers and their position on the stem.

A. Tubular (like a royal lily).

b. Cup-shaped (with wide open leaves).

V. Drooping (having a chalmoid shape).

d. Star-shaped (having a flat shape).

Flowers in tubular hybrids are large, from 12 to 18 cm in length, with a very strong aroma. The coloring is very different. Plants have a height of 120-190 cm. Viral and fungal diseases are not terrible for tubular hybrids. These are hardy, cold-resistant plants that love sunny areas. They need good drainage to grow successfully. Here are some varieties of tubular and Orleans hybrids: Pink Perfection, African Queen, Royal Gold, Golden Splendor, Lady Alice, Regale.

African Queen(African Queen)

A very fragrant variety of lilies, which belongs to tubular hybrids. It has a racemose inflorescence of 3-6 large flowers directed upwards, 15-16 cm in diameter. The flower is orange-apricot, brown strokes are located on the outer side of the petals. The height of these lilies reaches 120-140 cm. The flowering period of this variety of lilies is July-August.

Taken from the site: www.zahrada-cs.com

Pink Perfection (pink perfection)

A variety of lilies from Orleans hybrids. Flowers with a diameter of 11 cm and a length of 13 cm have lilac-pink petals, light green filaments, a brown style on top and bright orange anthers. They are collected in racemose inflorescences of 5-7 pieces. Plant height reaches 180 cm. Flowering period - August.

Section 7. Oriental lily hybrids

Were obtained from species growing in East Asia: beautiful lilies ( L. speciosum), golden ( L. auratum), Japanese ( L. japonicum), reddish ( L. rubellum), as well as their hybrids with Henry's lily ( L. Henryi). These include about 1300 varieties. These lilies are very whimsical and love warmth. They reach a height of 40 cm to 1.2 m. The flowers are huge (up to 30 cm in diameter) with corrugated petals, painted in white, red and pink tones. The varieties Miss Lucy and Double Star have double petals. A distinctive feature of the color is the edging along the edge of the petals or a strip in the center. Lilies bloom from August to September. In this section, 4 subsections are also distinguished according to the shape of the flowers:

A. lilies with a tubular flower shape.

b. lilies with a cup-shaped flower.

V. Lilies with a flat flower shape.

d. Lilies with recurved petals.

The best varieties of oriental lily hybrids: Miss Burma (Miss Birma), Tarden Pati (Garden Party), Stargazer (Stargazer), Casa Blanca (Casa Blanca), Crystal Star (Crystal Star), Le Reve (Le Reve), Salmon Star (Salmon star).

Canberra(Canberra)

A variety of lilies, which belongs to the oriental hybrids. Blooms from August to September. Crimson flowers, dark spots on the petals, the middle is yellow. Plant height - up to 180 cm.

Stargazer

An oriental hybrid with raspberry-pink flowers facing upwards, 15-17 cm in diameter. Lily petals are wavy at the edges, almost completely covered with oblong, convex, dark red spots. Lilies bloom in August and have a strong aroma. Plant height - 80-150 cm.

Salmon Star

An oriental hybrid growing up to 2 m. The flowers are large, up to 20 cm in diameter or more. Flowering time - June-July. Pale salmon-colored petals are covered with bright orange specks, corrugated. These lilies exude a very strong fragrance.

Taken from: www.jparkers.co.uk

Section 8. Interspecific hybrids of lilies

This is a section that includes all interspecific hybrids of lilies that were not included in the previous sections. Their name consists of the first letters of the species of their "parents": LA, OT, LO, OA.

LA hybrids(longiflorum asiatic) - hybrids of Asiatic lilies (Asiatic) and lilies longiflorum (Longiflorum). Their number, which is about 200 varieties, continues to increase. They have the best qualities inherent in parents: endurance and a variety of colors (from Asian hybrids), the ability to develop rapidly (from long-flowered). Thanks to the latest LA hybrids have large flowers, as if made of wax. They bloom profusely throughout June and July, along with Asian species. Favorable places for growth are open or slightly shaded areas. LA hybrids are winter-hardy.

OT hybrids obtained by crossing oriental lilies (Oriental) and tubular lilies (Trumpet). They were first obtained in the 90s of the twentieth century. Large, directed to the sides or upwards, wide-cupped or funnel-shaped flowers form up to thirty inflorescences. Coloring can be multi-color or monophonic: yellow, orange, red or pink. Flowers appear in July - August and smell strongly. Plants are tall, with strong stems. For growth reaching 180 cm, and sometimes 2.5 meters, they are called "Lily-trees".

LO hybrids emerged not so long ago. By crossing long-flowered (Longiflorum) and oriental (Oriental) hybrids in various combinations, breeders obtained LO hybrids. Tall, up to 100 - 130 cm, plants tolerate sun and shade equally well. Delicate flowers, painted in yellow and combinations of white and pink, have a short tubular or funnel shape. The diameter of the flowers is 10-20 cm. The aroma of lilies is very pleasant.

OA hybrids- another completely new, promising group obtained from crossing oriental (Oriental) and Asian (Aziatic) hybrids. Directed mainly upwards, the flowers of these lilies are slightly smaller than those of oriental hybrids, but no less beautiful. The leaves of this group of lilies are wider than those of the orientals. Plants are unpretentious.

Pretty Woman (Prettywoman)

OT-hybrid of lilies up to 180 cm high. Blooms in July-August. The flower is very large, the color is cream, turning into pink towards the center.

triumphant(Triumphator)

LO hybrid. Lily 120-140 cm high with very large, up to 25 cm in diameter, flowers. The flower has wide white petals with a pink-crimson center, bright yellow-green nectaries, orange anthers and a yellowish-green stigma. Lily Triumfator blooms in July-August.

Anastasia(Anastasia)

OT-hybrid up to 150 cm high. Curved petals are painted pink, the edges and middle of the flower are white. Also, the flower has crimson veins and specks inside. Lily blooms in July.

shocking (Shocking)

OT hybrid of lilies. Petals bright yellow, inside red-brown strokes, with red dots, greenish-yellowish outside. The stigma is purple with a green top, the nectaries are yellow-green, the anthers are dark red-brown. The flowers are large, up to 21 cm. The height of the plant is up to 130 cm. Lilies of this variety bloom in July - August.

Section 9. Species lilies

This includes about a hundred species of wild lilies, common in southern Europe, in eastern Asia, in the mountains of India, and several species of northern America. In 1949, the English scientist Comber classified species lilies based on the geography of their growth and biological characteristics. This classification was revised and supplemented by M.V. Baranova in 1988.

Section 10. Lily hybrids not included in the previous sections

Lady Alice (Lady Alice) - a rare hybrid.

The flowers are turban-shaped with strongly recurved apricot-orange petals, with white edges and light brown dots. The stamens are very long. Plant stem 120-150 cm, covered with dark brown-violet spots. Lily blooms in July-August.

Lily classification

Lily is a plant that has a large species composition. Growing in vast territories, these flowers differ from each other not only in the structure of bulbs, flowers, inflorescences and seeds, but also in the requirements for soil, humidity, and temperatures. There are several classifications of lilies, each of which subdivides them into a number of groups. At present, the classification of V.M. Baranova, adopted in 1988. According to this classification, the genus of lilies is divided into 11 sections, which include the following species:

Section 1Lilium

L. snow-white or white - L. candidum.

Section 2Eurolilium

L. Albanian - L.albanicum,

L. carniolskaya - L. carniolicum,

L. Kesselring - L. kesselringianum,

L. Ledebour - L. ledebouri,

L. monofraternal - L. monadelphum,

L. ciliated (pubescent) - L. ciliatum,

L. Iberian - L. pyrenaicum,

L. pompom - L. pomponicum,

L. Sovich or Shovitsa - L. szovitsianum,

L. Chalcedonian - L. chalcedonicum,

L. artvinskaya - L. artvinense,

L. pontic - L.ponticum,

L. Rhodope - L. rhodopaeum.

Section 3.martagon

L. Hanson - L. hansonii,

L. two-row - L. distichum,

L. curly or Saranka - L. martagon,

L. weak - L. debile,

L. honey-shaped - L. medeoloides,

L. qingdaoskaya (tsingtauskaya) - L. tsingtauense.

Section 4Pseudomartagon

L. proud or magnificent - L. superbum,

L. Canadian - L. canadence,

L. leopard - L. pardalinum,

L. Michigan - L. michiganense,

L. Gray - L. grayi,

L. Michaud - L. michauxii,

L. rainbow - L. iridollae,

L. Pitkin - L. pitkinense,

L. Vollmer - L. vollmeri,

L. Wiggins - L. wigginsii,

L. seaside - L. maritinum,

L. western - L. ociidentale,

L. Kelly - L. kelleyanum,

L. small - L. parvum,

L. Parry - L. parryi,

L. Humboldt - L. humboldtii,

L. eye - L. icellatum,

L. Bolander - L. bolanderi,

L. Colombian - L. columbianum,

L. Washington - L. washingtonianum,

L. blushing - L. rubescens,

L. Kellogg - L. kelloggii.

Section 5. Archelirion

L. Alexandra - L. alexandrae,

L. Henry - L.henryi,

L. golden - L. auratum,

L. reddish - L. rubellum,

L. beautiful - L. speciosum,

L. Japanese - L. japonicum,

L. Konishi - L. konishii,

L. Rosthorn - L. rosthornii,

L. noblest - L. nobilissimum.

Section 6Regalia

L. white-flowered - L. leucanthum,

L. sulfur yellow or countless - L. sulphureum = L. myriophylium, L. Brown - L. brownii,

L. Wallich - L. wallichianum,

L. longiflora - L. longiflorum,

L. nilgirskaya (neilpherskaya) - L. neilgherrense,

L. Sargent - L. sargentiae,

L. Philippine - L. philippinense,

L. Taiwanese - L. formosanum,

L. regal or royal - L. regale.

Section 7Sinomartagon

L. David - L. davidii,

L. dwarf - L. pumilum,

L. Lankong - L. lankongense,

L. drooping - L. cernuum,

L. pleasant - L. amabile,

L. papillary - L. papilliferum,

L. thali - L. taliense,

L. lanceolate or brindle - L. lancifolium = L. tigrinum,

L. Leuchtlin - L. leichtlinii,

L. false brindle or Maksimovich - L. pseudotigrinum,

L. Willmott - L. willmottiae,

L. Chinese - L. sinensis,

L. Duchartre - L. duchaertrey,

L. Ward - L. wardii, L. Nina - L. ninae,

L. Tien Shan - L. tianschanicum.

Section 8. Sinolirium

L. monochrome - L. concolor,

L. Bush - L.buschianum.

Section 9. Pseudolirium

L. Pennsylvania or Dahurian - L. pennsylvanicum = L. dauricum,

L. bulbous - L. bulbiferum,

L. orange - L. aurantiacum,

L. spotted - L. x maculatum,

L. Philadelphia - L. philadelphicum,

L. Catsby - L. catesbaei.

Section 10. Nepalensia

L. calloused - L. callosum,

L. Nepalese - L. nepalense,

L. primrose - L. primulinum,

L. Poilena - L. poilanei,

L. woody - L. arboricola,

L. multi-leaved - L. polyphyllum,

L. Farge - L. fargesii,

L. yellowish - L. xanthellum,

L. Stuart - L.stewartianum.

Section 11. Lophophora

L. lovely - L. amoenum,

L. Baker - L. bakerianum,

L. George - L. george,

L. Prince Henri - L.henrici,

L. combed - L. lophophorum,

L. McLean - L. macklinae,

L. undersized - L. nanum,

L. strange - L. paradoxum,

L. youthful - L. sempervivoideum,

L. Sheriff - L. sheriffiae,

L. Souley - L. souliei,

L. three-headed - L. triceps.

Types of lilies, photos and names

Below is a description of some types of lilies.

Lily white, she is white lily or lily pure white (lat. L ilium c andidum)

The plant reaches 100-150 cm in height. The bulb is round, up to 15 cm in diameter, consists of lanceolate scales of white or yellowish color. The stem of the lily is smooth, light green in color, sometimes with purple strokes. The leaves are smooth, light green, wider at the bottom than the top. The lower leaves are collected in a rosette, and are arranged alternately up the stem. Flowers broadly funnel-shaped, pure white. The pollen is light yellow. The fruit of a lily is a box. The white lily blooms from June to July.

The plant is native to the Mediterranean. White lilies grow in southern Europe, southwestern Asia, and also in Russia (everywhere to the taiga zone). The plant reproduces by scales and seeds. This flower has long been used in cosmetology and medicine.

Taken from the site: www.fernanda-flowers.com

Taken from: www.easytogrowbulbs.com

lily curly (lat. L ilium martagon )

It has several names: Saranka, Sardana, Sarana, Badun, Maslyanka, Royal Curls, Forest Lily, Turkish Lily. The plant reaches a height of 150 cm. The bulb is ovoid, up to 10 cm in diameter. It consists of narrow-lanceolate scales of golden yellow color. The stem is cylindrical, green with dark purple strokes, glabrous or pubescent. The leaves are broadly lanceolate, collected in whorls of 6-10 at the bottom, arranged alternately towards the top. Lily flowers are drooping, 3-4 cm in diameter, collected in racemose inflorescences. The perianth has a turban-like shape and a dull lilac-pink color with dark brown spots. The pollen is brown-red. Known varieties of curly lily with flowers from white to almost black.

This lily blooms in June. She is unpretentious, frost-resistant. Her homeland is Eurasia. Curly lily grows on plains, meadows, in mountains and foothills, in broad and small-leaved forests from Portugal in the west to the headwaters of the Lena River in the east, and from the mouth of the Yenisei in the north to Southern Mongolia in the south. The lily propagates by dividing bulb nests, bulbous scales. In culture, this lily is used as an ornamental plant. Both the main species and its subspecies are used in hybridization. Lily bulbs can be eaten as a condiment. The plant is a honey plant and is used in medicine and veterinary medicine.

Lily Henry (lat. L ilium h enryi)

It is named after the Irish botanist Augustine Henry, who first found it. Known since 1889. The height of the lily varies from 150 to 250 cm. The stem of the plant is cylindrical, curved, green, with dark purple strokes. The leaves are lanceolate, often sickle-curved, glabrous, dark green. Lily inflorescence paniculate, consists of 10-20 drooping flowers on long pedicels. The shape of the perianth is slightly turban-shaped, the color is light orange with dark relief spots, strokes, papillae and a bright green nectar-bearing furrow. A garden variety of Henry's lily is known with light lemon-yellow flowers. The pollen of the flower is dark brown.

Lilies bloom from August to September inclusive. The flowers of this plant are fragrant and hardy.

The Henry lily is native to Central China. It reproduces by seeds, scales, stem underground bulbs - children. Used in hybridization.

lily regal (lat. L ilium r egale), she is lily royal, Tibetan lily, lily regale,chinese lily

One of the most widespread species in culture. Found by the English botanist Ernest Wilson in the Chinese province of Sichuan.

The plant reaches a height of 120-180 cm. The bulb of the plant is round, 10-15 cm in diameter, consists of large lanceolate scales of yellow or yellowish-brown tones, becoming dark purple in the light. The stem is ribbed, gray-green in color with dark purple strokes. The plant has supra-bulbous roots. The leaves are linear, arranged alternately. The inflorescences of the royal lily are racemose, containing up to 30 flowers. Flowers are tubular, up to 15 cm long and 10-15 cm in diameter. Lily petals are white, pinkish-brown on the outside, with glitter and yellowness in the throat. On the inside there is a green nectar-bearing furrow. The pollen of the flowers is bright yellow.

The royal lily blooms in mid-July. This is a very fragrant plant, resistant to various diseases. The disadvantage is the instability to late frosts. The royal lily reproduces by seeds, scales, stem underground bulbs. Widely used in breeding and hybridization. A large group of tubular hybrids originated from the lily regale.

Lily dwarf (thin-leaved, undersized, low, narrow-leaved) (lat.Lilium pumilum , Lilium tenuifolium )

It has a height of 20-60 cm. The bulb is white, ovoid, up to 4 cm in diameter. Lanceolate scales fit snugly together, creating the appearance of one whole. Stem erect, glabrous or covered with stiff hairs. The color of the stem is green, rarely purple. In the middle, it is densely covered with alternate leaves, the top and bottom of the stem are bare. The flowers are bright red, turban-shaped, drooping, solitary or 2-8 pieces in loose racemose inflorescences.

The lily blooms in mid-July. Dwarf lilies grow in the Altai Mountains, Mongolia, China, the Korean Peninsula and Japan. The plant is found on open rocky slopes among grasses and low shrubs. In Russia, the thin-leaved lily is distributed from the Yenisei to the Sea of Japan. Winter-hardy. Propagated by seeds. Lily dwarf is widely used in breeding.

Lily tiger (lanceolate)(lat. L ilium lancifolium, previously - L ilium t igrinum)

A plant of medium height from 100 to 120 cm. The bulb is loose, ovoid, consisting of oval white scales. The stem is ribbed, pubescent, brown. The leaves are lanceolate, arranged in the next order. The bulbs are in the axils of the leaves. Lily flowers are chalmoid, drooping, 2-15 pieces per inflorescence. The pollen is brown. The color of the lily is orange-red with black spots, reminiscent of a predatory color.

Lily Bush (lily beautiful, pretty) (lat.Lilium buschianum , Lilium p ulchellum)

She is of East Asian origin. The tubers of this lily were sent from Russia to England, where the plant was described by the English botanist K. Lodigez in 1830 and was named the Bush lily. In Russia, in 1839, the description of the flower was made by the German botanist F.B. Fisher, who is in the service in Russia. For its miniature size and beautiful flowers, the lily was called Pulchellum - pretty.

Plant height is 30-60 cm. Small bulbs are egg-shaped. The stem is thin, smooth, green. The leaves are narrowly lanceolate, rarely arranged, in the next order. Lily flowers are star-shaped, broadly funnel-shaped, directed upwards, solitary, rarely collected in racemes of 2-5 flowers. The diameter of the flower reaches 6-8 cm. The color of the lily is reddish-orange, less often light red. Outside, the flower may be naked or pubescent.

Beautiful lilies are common in Eastern Siberia (Transbaikalia, Zee-Bureinsky district, Ussuri region). They grow in meadows, well-lit treeless slopes, in sparse thickets of shrubs, on the edges of small-leaved forests. Lilies bloom in June-July. The plant is used in hybridization and has also been widely used in medicine.

Daurian lily (Pennsylvania)(lat. L ilium pensylvanicum , L ilium dauricum )

Described in 1805. The Pennsylvania lily received its name by mistake, because this plant was unknown in North America. When the origin of this flower was found out, its nomenclature name was not changed. Now in the literature there are two names for this species - Pennsylvania lily and Daurian lily.

The height of the plant is 120 cm. The round bulb has a diameter of up to 8 cm and consists of white lanceolate scales. The stem is slightly ribbed or round, glabrous or tomentose. Lily leaves are alternate, dark green. Inflorescence corymbose, 2-10 flowers, occasionally single flowers. The shape of the perianth is goblet. Leaves with dark spots and papillae along the nectar gland. Dahurian lily flowers are distinguished by a variety of colors: yellow, orange, red, dark red.

The birthplace of this flower is vast expanses from the Yenisei in the west to the island of Hokkaido and Kamchatka in the east and from 64 ° N. latitude. to Mongolia, the Korean Peninsula and Northeast China in the south. There is a Daurian lily among the shrubs of the forest and forest-steppe zones, in damp floodplain meadows, forest glades and edges.

According to the combination of features, several forms of this lily are distinguished: tiger, ribbed, alpine, typical. According to the timing of flowering, 2 forms are distinguished. The first is an early flowering, undersized, heavily pubescent, has 1-2 dark red flowers with a large yellow spot at the base. The second is late-flowering, tall, with numerous, evenly colored red flowers. The Daurian lily reproduces by seeds, baby bulbs, scales, pieces of scales.

bush lily

In everyday life there is such a name as bush lilies. This is not a completely correct concept, since the bush assumes the presence of several trunks, and all lilies, regardless of species, have one trunk growing from one bulb. But in some species of lilies, daughter bulbs develop annually on the bottom of the bulb or on its underground roots, and a bulbous nest is obtained, as, for example, in the leopard lily ( L. pardalinum), the nest of which may consist of hundreds of onions. If the daughter bulbs are not separated and transplanted, then a whole bush will really grow around the mother bulb. Often spray lilies are called lilies that have not single flowers, but inflorescences. In this case, almost any type and variety of lily, including the above-described species, is suitable for this name.

Taken from: www.garden.ie

Pyramidal lilies, varieties and photos

Pyramidal is another incorrect name for lilies. In the world of flowers, there is a phenomenon of fasciation, the splicing of stems. The phenomenon got its name from the Latin word fascis, which means "bundle". Fasciation occurs both from adverse factors: injury to the bulbs, lack or excess of light, moisture, heat, and from “too favorable”: overfeeding with all sorts of stimulants, fertilizers. The result is the fusion of growth points at the time of inception and the merging of deformed shoots. Some varieties of lilies, such as Aphrodite, Elijah, Fleur, Red Hot, and especially Marlene, are prone to fasciation. But in any case, this does not always happen, and it is impossible to predict in advance whether the lily will be pyramidal or not.

Lily Marlene ( Lilium Marlene)

This is a hybrid of Asian lilies and lilies-longiflorums. It got its name in honor of the world movie star Marlene Dietrich.

This variety is called the pyramidal lily. Its inflorescences, which have grown as a result of fusion, can number up to a hundred buds. The diameter of the flowers is 15-20 cm. The color of the petals varies from light pink at the tips to white in the center, the inner petals are covered with small dark red spots. Plant height 90-100 cm. Lily Marlene leaves, growing in the next order, have an elongated and pointed shape. The phenomenon of fasciation, although inherent in the Marlene lily, does not happen with every plant.

Planting a lily and caring for it

Bright, catchy, spectacular lilies are the decoration of any garden. But in order for these flowers to annually delight gardeners with their beauty, attention and care are needed. The soil for planting lilies should be moist, loosened and cleared of weeds. The site must be selected taking into account what type or variety of lilies will be planted on it, since some varieties like shaded places, and some like sunny ones. In addition, you need to take into account which plants grew there before. Well, if it was legumes, some annual flowers, such as petunia, or vegetables - cucumbers or radishes, but after strawberries, onions and garlic, the earth should rest. It is not necessary to plant lilies close to trees, where the shade is very large and the soil is too dry. Plants, especially those with large flowers, need protection from the winds, so it's good when shrub plants grow around them - they will give shade and protect from the wind.

Different types and varieties of lilies like different types of soil: acidic, alkaline, neutral, etc., for example, Asian hybrids prefer a slightly acidic environment, tubular hybrids slightly alkaline or neutral. With this in mind, various fertilizers, top dressings are introduced, drainage is arranged.

For lilies, moderate soil moisture is important: these plants do not like excess moisture and cannot stand stagnant water. Watering is usually carried out under the root, because the leaves do not respond well to water ingress. Watering lilies is important throughout the summer and part of the fall, because at the end of the summer season, the roots grow back and the accumulation of nutrients for the winter period.

If the lily is planted in well-fertilized chernozem, then top dressing is not needed, but if the soil lacks fertilizer, then before watering or along with it, preparations must be applied to improve the life of the plant. For this, it is also necessary to protect the soil from overheating and evaporation of moisture by mulching with sawdust and grass.

Bulbs are planted mainly in autumn, but lilies can also be planted in spring. The optimal time for planting: in the fall - in September, in the spring - in May. Before planting, the lily bulbs should be soaked for 30 minutes in water or potassium permanganate, and then planted to a depth of 10-20 cm. For the winter, especially when early cold weather sets in, the plantings should be carefully insulated with a covering material.

Lilies begin to bloom fully and abundantly only in the second or third years. In the first year of planting, until normal flowering and growth is achieved, the buds are selectively or completely removed, and the plants that have not gained strength are tied to a support. At 4-5 years of growth, the lily must be divided and transplanted, as the development of the plant slows down and flowering weakens.

Diseases and pests of lilies

There are many diseases and pests that can not only spoil the appearance of lilies, but also completely destroy them.

Fungal infections

Plants can be affected by fungal infections such as gray mold (botrytis), fusarium, phytium, blue mold, penicillosis, rust. The spread of fungi is promoted by high humidity and improper care. Fungi infect all parts of the plant from the bulb to the petals. These diseases can be identified by their appearance: plaque appears on the bulbs, spots, strokes, and mucus appear on the stems, leaves and flowers. The bulbs are starting to rot. To combat fungal diseases, various medicinal solutions are used, fungicides are used to treat the affected bulbs, and the plant itself is sprayed. To avoid fungal diseases, you need to take preventive measures - proper care, avoidance of excess moisture.

Viruses

There are several viruses that lilies are susceptible to: these are the cucumber and tobacco mosaic virus, the tulip variegation virus, and rosette disease. These diseases are spread by insect pests, most commonly aphids, or they are transmitted through contaminated garden tools. Signs of viral diseases: yellowing and deformation of the stems and leaves of the lily, the appearance of age spots on the petals and leaves, the cessation of plant growth. To stop the spread of these diseases, it is necessary to cut off and destroy the affected areas, spray diseased plants with recommended preparations, and disinfect garden tools.

Pests

There are about 15 species of insects that harm lilies in various ways, which leads to a slowdown in their growth and death, for example:

spider mites feed on plant sap,
lily fly damages buds,
medvedka, Khrushchev (larva of the May beetle), onion fly-hoverfly spoil the bulbs,

Since ancient times, lilies have been used in perfumery, cosmetology, and medicine.
In some countries, such as Japan, China, Korea, lily bulbs are eaten raw and cooked from them in soups, salads, and meat dishes.
As a symbol, lily flowers have decorated and continue to decorate the coats of arms of countries (France), cities (New Orleans, Detroit, Daugavpils), provinces (Canadian Quebec, Dutch Flevoland); ancient noble coats of arms in European countries; ancient coins, vases, frescoes; modern logotypes of various organizations, teams, movements.
The ancient Persian city of Susa got its name from the lilies that grew on the site of its foundation.
A female name comes from the name of this flower, which has its own version in different languages: Lily - in Russian, Lily - in French, English, Susanna, Shushanik - in Armenian, Asuzena - in Spanish, Yuri - in Japanese.
There are legends about lilies in Ancient Egypt, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, in the states of Medieval Europe.
The lily is also mentioned in the Bible. According to the biblical story of the Annunciation, famous artists painted many paintings. On them, the archangel Gabriel approaches the Virgin Mary with the news of the future birth of the Savior, holding a lily flower in his hands, as a symbol of purity and purity. There is an icon "Fadeless Color", where the Mother of God holds a lily.

Beautiful fragrant lilies grow in the flower beds of many summer residents. This flower can be successfully grown in apartments, that is, at home.

By following the basics of growing, you can achieve flowering of a houseplant throughout the summer. I will tell you how to provide a room lily with the necessary care

One of the most beautiful and unusual flowers can safely be called a house lily. The plant is grown by many flower growers at home on windowsills or on balconies. In order for a lily to please with lush juicy greenery and a delicate vanilla aroma of flowers, it needs to organize appropriate care.

The length of the flower stem varies from 40 cm to 1.5 m inclusive. Lily feels great in narrow but high flowerpots. The plant is demanding of light. If you grow it in dark rooms, then flowering will be poor.

Depending on the variety, lilies require appropriate growing conditions. The flower grows beautifully in summer, develops and blooms on the balcony.

The only thing to protect the leaves of the plant from burns is not to allow the scorching rays of the sun to fall on them. In winter, it is important to give the plant a rest, the optimal temperature conditions of the air during the dormant period should not fall below 16 degrees Celsius.

Types of house lilies

Flower growers display many types of indoor lilies. Plants differ only in the shape of the flower or the length of the stem.

Plant classification according to its shape:

Dwarf lily. The plant is undersized. The length of the stalk is not more than 60 cm. The flowers are small with petals bent on the sides. The diameter of the fragrant flower is about 5 cm.
Royal lily (Home or Long-flowered). Undersized flower. Stem is medium in size. The petals of the flowers are funnel-shaped.
Taiwan lily (Miss Rio and also Garden Party). Compact elegant houseplant. The height of the bush is 40 cm. Despite not being small, the flowers of dwarf lilies are quite large, their diameter reaches 8-10 cm.
Asian lily. A low green bush is equipped with large flowers. The variety of shades of colors is amazing - these are yellow, and red, and purple tones, complemented by specks, thin stripes, small spots of black or dark blue.
Gilded lily (Empress of China, as well as the Beautiful lily). The plant is not tall. The elegance and unusualness of a lily is given by fragrant flowers in the shape of a bowl.

Bulb classification:

white (Asian variety) - the plant develops rapidly in slightly acidic soil, it is effective to use ash as a fertilizer;
multi-colored, equipped with yellow, white, reddish veins (Taiwanese and Gilded varieties) - it is optimal to grow plants in acidic soil; ash cannot be used as a fertilizer;
dark shades (blue, purple, brown) - Tubular lilies - such plants require soil with a lot of lime;
colored light (pink, yellow) - plant varieties most suitable for growing outdoors.

Planting bulbs in flowerpots

Starting the organization of proper care at home for a houseplant, it is important to choose the optimal capacity and soil for it. Planting bulbs in flowerpots is carried out in the fall. Winter sowing is also allowed.

The height of the flowerpot is selected taking into account the parameters: after sowing the bulb in the flowerpot, between its upper edge and the ground, there should be a free space of approximately 7 cm.

A mixture of mineral liquid fertilizers - nitrogenous and magnesium substances, as well as potassium and phosphorus (for 1 liter of soil - 50 grams of mineral components) will serve as a growth stimulator.

Before sowing the bulbs, it is necessary to disinfect the soil. To do this, the soil is abundantly shed with a mixture of boiling water mixed with a weak solution of potassium permanganate.

The basics of sowing bulbs in a flowerpot:

a layer of drainage is poured into the container;
a layer of disinfected soil is poured on top;
lay the bulb (it is allowed to place 2-3 bulbs in one flowerpot), press it a little into the soil;
sprinkle the bulb on top with soil so that they are completely hidden;
shed the soil with warm settled water;
put the flowerpot in a cool and darkened room, wait for the appearance of young sprouts;
after the appearance of green shoots, add soil to the flowerpot so that the roots of the lily are tightly covered with it.

Lily Care

How to care for a lily? In order for a domestic lily in a pot to please with lush and vanilla flowering, it needs high-quality and constant care.

Fundamentals of proper care:

While the bulbs are in the germination stage, they should not be watered frequently. Watering is carried out only when the top layer of soil dries.
From the moment of germination of young shoots, the flower needs regular feeding. Liquid organic fertilizers are applied to the soil.
A week after the first saturation of the soil with fertilizers, it is necessary to apply top dressing containing phosphorus and potassium in its composition.
You can stimulate the rapid formation of buds if you spray the flower with fortified mixtures once every 4 days.
After the shoots reach 10 cm, soil is poured into the container.
To ensure the supply of oxygen, it is required to regularly loosen the earth in a flowerpot.
Watering at the time of flowering is carried out often - it is important that the soil in the flowerpot is always moist. In the hot season, it is recommended to spray the lily with water.
Fertilizers should be applied no more than 2 times a month.
At night in the summer, the plant can be put on the balcony. If during the day the flower is also on the balcony, it is important to ensure that the rays of the hot sun do not fall on its leaves.

You can grow a lily in a flowerpot without transplanting for 2-3 years. During the dormant period (winter), it is placed in a cool and darkened room. Watering is carried out once a month.