How to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse. Planting tomatoes in a polycarbonate greenhouse: stages of preparation and the specifics of growing seedlings. How to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse: planting seeds

In order to provide tomato seedlings with the best conditions for development in a greenhouse, several requirements must be met, one of which is the use of a specific planting scheme. The term "planting pattern" means planting a tomato at a certain distance from each other. What distance between tomatoes must be provided in the greenhouse during planting is discussed in this article, as well as in the photo and video for it.

How the variety of tomatoes affects the choice of planting pattern

The most promising varieties for cultivation in greenhouses are medium and tall tomatoes. The former are formed into 2 trunks, having removed the remaining side shoots, the latter into 1 trunk.

Usually, medium-sized tomatoes, having formed 8-10 brushes, stop growing, therefore, in order to prolong their life, it is recommended to leave 1 strong stepson.

Tall tomatoes are the most productive; when cultivated in a greenhouse, they are able to please during the season with a bountiful harvest - up to 12-18 kg. Their main feature is the ability to grow up to 3-3.5 m in height. Due to low productivity, low-growing varieties are practically not cultivated in greenhouse conditions, with the exception of early-maturing ultra-hybrid forms. They are usually not pinched, so they grow to form several stems.

The planting pattern of tomatoes largely depends on the variety.

Attention! The choice of a scheme for planting tomato seedlings in a greenhouse is influenced by the type of tomatoes grown.

The benefits of following certain tomato planting patterns in a greenhouse are:

in the simplicity and convenience of caring for plants, carrying out typical procedures - root watering, top dressing, pinching;
in the prevention of pests and diseases, the risk of which increases depending on the degree of thickening;
providing plants with the space necessary for normal development.

Each planted tomato bush in the greenhouse should receive the necessary amount of light and air.

Possible planting patterns in a greenhouse

Traditionally, beds are laid out along the long walls of the greenhouse (3x6 m) and can be equipped with:

2 beds of 1.1-1.2 m wide with one wide passage;
3 beds of 0.6-0.7 m wide and 2 aisles between them.

High varieties of tomatoes must be tied up

If 2 wide beds are equipped in the greenhouse, tomato seedlings can be planted according to a two-line scheme, assuming placement as follows:

for low-growing varieties arranged in the form of a zigzag - the distance between seedlings in one line is up to 40 cm, between rows on the same bed is about 50-60 cm, the size of a wide passage is about 80 cm;
for medium-sized varieties - the distance in one row between plants is up to 30 cm, between rows on one bed is about 60 cm, the size of a wide passage between beds is 80-90 cm. In this case, the bushes can be placed opposite each other or in a checkerboard pattern;
for tall varieties - the distance between seedlings in one line is about 50 cm, between rows on one bed - about 70-80 cm, the size of a wide passage between beds - 80-90 cm. In this case, the bushes should be planted in a zigzag.

Planting tomatoes in two wide beds

If 3 narrow beds are equipped in the greenhouse, tomato seedlings can be planted in this way:

for low-growing varieties planted in one line - the distance in one row between plants is up to 40 cm;
for medium-sized varieties planted in 2 rows - the distance in one row between seedling bushes is up to 50 cm, between rows on the same bed is about 30 cm, the passage size is at least 50 cm. To avoid thickening with a similar planting pattern, tomato seedlings are recommended checker;
for tall varieties planted in 1 row - the distance between seedlings is 50-60 cm, the size of the passage between the beds is 50-60 cm. At the same time, bushes on adjacent beds should be planted in a checkerboard pattern.

Formation of tomato bushes

4-5 days after planting tomato seedlings on the beds, medium and tall varieties should be tied to trellises.

Attention! Tying to the supports will prevent the bushes from deforming and breaking off under the weight of the fruit.

The scheme of planting tomatoes in three beds

For tying tomatoes, 2 types of trellises can be used:

frame, which are two supports installed at opposite ends of the beds, between which cords are stretched parallel to each other with a distance of 40 cm;
linear, also representing two supports, installed on both edges of the beds, but interconnected along the top with one crossbar, from which 1 rope support is lowered down to each bush.

Advice! So that the stems of tomatoes are not injured due to the garter to the supports, soft materials should be used for this, for example, twine or fabric cut into ribbons 3-4 cm wide.

As the seedlings grow, the plants form into 1 or 2 stems, providing them with good light and airflow. To do this, the side shoots are pinched by hand so that a two-centimeter stump remains, and the bush is also topped (pinching the top) after reaching their required height. In addition, the number of ovaries on tomatoes should be controlled, leaving no more than 7-9 flower clusters on each plant.

Their future yield depends on the correct planting of tomatoes.

Planting tomatoes in a greenhouse - video

When growing a tomato, each stage is of great importance: soil preparation, planting material, planting, care. Planting tomato seedlings in a greenhouse requires compliance with certain rules, with the help of which the bush develops correctly.

Greenhouse and soil preparation

The greenhouse is built in advance so that by the time of planting the soil has time to warm up. If it is made of polycarbonate, you can build it in the fall, and only clean it in the spring. If the greenhouse is covered with a film, in the fall you can build a frame, and do the rest of the work in the spring.

Soil preparation for planting tomato seedlings

Soil preparation includes the following activities:

remove a layer of 10 cm, in which pests are predominantly preserved;
cultivate the land with copper sulphate;
loosen, remove weeds;
fertilize: humus, wood ash;
form beds at a distance of 50 cm;
make holes every 40-60 cm (according to the degree of growth of the planted variety).

Landing is carried out only in warm ground (up to 15 ° C), so it is worth pouring warm water over the holes and covering them with a film.

seedling preparation

tomato seedling

Seedlings are grown in pots, the earth and seeds are pre-treated with potassium permanganate. When forming 4 leaves, the seedlings dive. After 2-3 weeks, the picking is done again. Light, heat and regular watering are the main components of properly grown seedlings.

Before planting, seedlings are advised to harden. To do this, open windows in the room, you can also take seedlings outside for several hours. A week before planting, it is worth treating the seedlings with boric acid as a disease prevention. Before planting, it is advised to cut off the lower leaves. This will speed up the adaptation of the plant and the development process.

Properly prepared seedlings have 8 leaves, a thick strong trunk and a well-developed root.

How to properly plant seedlings

Planting tomato seedlings in a greenhouse is carried out at a steady temperature of 20 ° C (18 ° C - night). In a polycarbonate greenhouse, it is easier to achieve such a temperature due to the thermal insulation qualities of the material. In a greenhouse made of glass or film, it is worth sealing all the seams in advance in order to achieve tightness.

Tomato seedlings are very fragile and start to hurt after injury.

Water the wells 20 minutes before planting. After that, small indentations are made, equal to the size of the pots, and the seedlings are lowered into them directly in the containers. The earth around the trunk is rammed. If planting is not done in pots, the seedling must be carefully removed from the container, with a piece of earth at the root. If desired, the tips of the roots can be trimmed. This contributes to the rapid growth, development and strengthening of the root, which will begin to grow in breadth.

After that, it is worth shading the seedlings a little for 2-3 days. A week later, you need to do a number of activities:

feed with complex fertilizer;
loosen the earth;
pour settled warm water.

Transplanting tomatoes to a permanent place

Seedlings of tall tomatoes usually differ in size. Such a seedling should be immediately tied to a peg or trellis so that it is stable.

If several different varieties are planted in the greenhouse, different in growth, you should immediately consider the planting scheme: place undersized tomatoes near the walls, and tall ones in the second row closer to the aisle. So, tall seedlings will not block the access of light to the rest of the tomatoes.

How to plant overgrown seedlings

If the planting date has not yet come, and the seedlings have already formed, it is recommended to suspend its growth. This can be done by pinching off the top. At the same time, the bush will begin to actively start up side shoots, which, if desired, can also be pinched off.

Advice. The torn off top can be placed in a glass of water. After a while, a root will begin to form on it and a full-fledged seedling will grow, which can also be transplanted into a greenhouse.

Planting tomato seedlings in a greenhouse, if it has outgrown slightly, is possible according to this principle. Inside the hole, make another, smaller one, and plant a tomato in it. Do not fill up the upper hole for 2 weeks until the bush takes root. After the indicated time, loosen the ground, water and fill the hole.

overgrown tomato seedling

If the seedlings have grown significantly, you can use this method:

Make the holes narrow, but long.
Prepare furrows, water.
Trim the lower leaves, leave the seedling no more than 50 cm.
Plant seedlings in a semi-horizontal state. The root should lie in the furrow, and the tip should remain on the surface almost vertical.
Cover the holes with earth.
Tie the top to the peg.

When planting seedlings in this way, it must be remembered that the earth cannot be loosened deeply so as not to damage the root. The buried stem, being in the ground, will begin to take root and strengthen. This will form a more powerful root system.

Tying a tomato bush to a support

Various drop-off methods

Today, there are several ways to plant tomatoes that are different from traditional ones. These include:

Kazarin's method. Implies minimal or virtually no watering. The essence of the method is the formation of a powerful root due to growth in search of moisture. Planting seedlings occurs at an angle, almost horizontally. In this case, half of the seedling must be placed in the ground. It is not worth raising the upper part, it will rise itself over time and then tie it to the peg. Watering is done as follows: half a bucket in the hole before and after planting. Subsequent watering - once every 14-16 days.

Planting tomatoes using the Kazarin method

vaccination method. Provides for the development of a more powerful root. Two tomato seedlings of the same variety are planted in one pot after 5 cm. When the trunks reach 0.5 cm in diameter, they must be pulled together. At the point of contact, make incisions (0.2 mm) and bandage. Bandage should be sprayed daily. After two weeks, cut off one of the tops. Remove the bandage before landing.

The landing of stepchildren. As the tomatoes grow in the greenhouse, do not throw out the shoots, but plant them in separate holes. You will need to water and shade them for 5 days. Once every 10 days, fertilize with mineral, organic and micro-fertilizers (alternating). It is believed that such tomatoes are less susceptible to disease.

Pasynkovanie tomatoes

Attention! Tomatoes are one of the few plants that can easily endure short periods of drought. If there is no other possibility, abundant watering once a week will be enough for them.

Tomato care

After planting seedlings, it is necessary to carry out high-quality care for tomatoes:

watering. Water the tomatoes under the root with warm water after 2-3 days. With excessive humidity, the regularity of watering should be reduced and the greenhouse ventilated;
top dressing. It is recommended to fertilize 4-5 times per season. The first time - on the 14th day after planting, the next - at the time of flowering, active fruit set, fruit pouring. You can make top dressing every 14-20 days. It is important to alternate organics with mineral supplements so that the tomatoes develop evenly;
pinching. After 10 days, you need to inspect the bushes and remove stepsons. Repeat the process every week. This helps to redirect nutrients to flowers and ovaries;
bush formation. In tall hybrids, one is left, in medium and short ones - 2-3 stems. An additional stem grows from a stepson, which is left in advance on the main trunk;
top pinching. A month before the end of the harvest, or when the optimal number of fruits has set on each shoot, the top is pinched off. This contributes to the speed of ripening of the tied tomatoes.

Tomatoes need to be well watered

Do not forget to regularly ventilate the greenhouse. In a polycarbonate greenhouse, windows are usually made that can be opened all day. This gives insects free access to pollinate the tomato and acts as a preventive measure against many types of fungal and viral diseases.

How to properly plant tomato seedlings in a greenhouse: video

Tomato seedlings in a greenhouse: photo

The most popular vegetable crop, grown by half of gardeners, are tomatoes. In order to get a plentiful and tasty harvest, you need to know how to properly grow these plants and care for them. This article will tell you how to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse.

Growing tomatoes in a greenhouse is different from similar activities carried out in the open field. And the differences begin with the preparation stage. This stage consists of two sub-items: proper preparation of the soil and seeds. Let's consider each sub-item in more detail.

The soil both in the greenhouse and in the open field plays an important role in the process of growth of cultivated plants and fruit ripening. Usually in greenhouses, the soil is used as manure. This is due to the fact that it is not always possible to place the greenhouse structure in place of the black soil. Therefore, land is brought into the greenhouse separately. The applied soil must be of high quality, previously fertilized with natural additives. This will avoid contamination of tomatoes with chemicals. Despite the somewhat high cost of such soil, its purchase in the future will save on top dressings applied during the growing season in order to restore soil fertility.

Soil preparation for beds for tomatoes is carried out as follows:

from the garden, first remove the top layer of the earth. It is necessary to shoot about 20 cm;
in the process of removing the soil, a groove is formed. Its length must extend to the entire extent of the plantation;
humus should be poured at the bottom of the formed groove. He must wait three years for this procedure. Remember that humus should not contain hay and straw, as these components increase its decomposition time in the ground;
about half of the ditch should be covered with humus;
after that, over the humus, it is necessary to pour either new earth or soil that was thrown back when digging a ditch.

This is the easiest way to prepare the soil. If you want to further increase your own chances of success when growing tomatoes in a greenhouse, then additional procedures are recommended. To control weeds, you need to use disinfected land.

It is worth remembering that the main parameter for assessing soil fertility is the presence of earthworms in it. It is they who can most qualitatively prepare the land for the next garden season. Therefore, it is recommended to populate the soil in the greenhouse with earthworms, which you will have to drip with your own hands.

Properly prepared land will be the key to your future excellent tomato crop. But besides it, you still need to be able to properly prepare the seed. Since most often tomatoes in a greenhouse are grown by seedlings, this procedure will significantly increase the germination of seeds. It will also provide an opportunity to get tall and strong seedlings that can be planted in a greenhouse.

The choice of seed material is done as follows:

first, we determine the variety (early, medium or late). It directly depends on the choice of variety when the seeds will be sown and seedlings will be planted in greenhouse soil. Remember that it is necessary to choose a variety not only for taste, but also for agrotechnical characteristics;
Seeds must be fresh and of good quality. The presence of plaque and mold on them is not allowed;
then the seed must be sorted by size, rejecting all unsuitable seeds.

The largest seeds should be selected, without visible defects. Properly calibrated seed will ensure friendly tomato seedlings.

After the highest quality seed has been selected, it is disinfected. For example, seeds can be soaked in a weak solution of potassium permanganate or calcined. In the second case, they must be heated at a temperature of + 50 ° C for three days. Then, before direct sowing, it is recommended to treat the seeds with any growth stimulant.

Planting material prepared in this way can be used to obtain seedlings. They are also allowed to land in open ground. But still, experienced gardeners advise growing tomatoes in a greenhouse using the seedling method.

Video "How to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse"

This video discusses 5 rules for growing tomatoes in a greenhouse.

Seeding technology

You can plant tomato seeds in greenhouse soil or seedlings in early March. Planting seeds is carried out as follows:

After the seeds were planted in the greenhouse, the temperature in it should be at around + 23-25 ° C. When the first shoots appear on the beds, it will be right to organize additional lighting for them with the help of fitolamps. If the backlight was organized correctly, then the seedlings will have a bright green color.

After the seeds have been planted in the ground and until the development of the first true leaves, it takes about 20 days. Seedlings need moderate watering. At the same time, remember that the greenhouse must be regularly ventilated.

In order to get seedlings, tomato seeds should be planted as follows:

first determine the landing time. Here it is necessary to take into account that seedlings should grow from 50 to 70 days. You need to count from the moment when it is recommended to plant it in a greenhouse. In a heated greenhouse, landing is carried out in April. In such a situation, sowing seeds for seedlings is carried out in February. In a greenhouse that is not heated, transplantation is carried out in May (the first decade). Therefore, sowing in this case is carried out in mid-March;
planting material is most conveniently grown in separate containers, the height of which is approximately 15 cm;
selected containers are filled with substrate. It should be rammed. After that, the surface of the soil mixture is leveled;
further, furrows are formed with a knife, into which seeds are poured. From above they need to be sprinkled with earth.

Irrigate immediately after planting. After that, the containers are placed in a room with a temperature regime, which is at +25°C. Before transplanting into a greenhouse, planting care is as follows:

during the first two days, landings require round-the-clock artificial lighting;
when the first shoots appear, the temperature in the room should be lowered to + 15 ° C. This will avoid excessive stretching of seedlings;
watering is carried out as the soil dries. It must be moderate. Do not water the tomato until the first true leaf appears. Only spraying the soil with water is allowed;
the room should be regularly ventilated. At the same time, the formation of drafts must be avoided.

To carry out the picking of seedlings, separate peat pots or plastic cups are prepared. Each plant is carefully removed and the root is pinched. This procedure allows you to form a well-branched rhizome.

Picking tomato seedlings for further planting in a greenhouse can be carried out in the following ways:

each plant is planted in a separate cup. Thus, a strong and tall bush will turn out;
two plants are placed in one container at once. When they reach a height of 10 cm, the stems of the bushes are tightly tied to each other with a nylon thread. The result is a bush with two roots. It also requires pinching the top of a less developed plant. This method significantly increases the yield of tomatoes.

Hardening of seedlings must begin approximately 14 days before planting it in a greenhouse. To do this, the containers should be taken out into the open air. Initially, they are placed on the balcony for 2-3 hours. Then you need to gradually increase the time the seedlings are in the air up to a day.

After that, seedlings can only be planted in a greenhouse.

Transplanting

When the seedlings have developed, they should be transplanted into a greenhouse. The scheme for planting tomatoes in a greenhouse is selected based on the variety of tomatoes. Remember that in order to get an excellent harvest, plantings should not be thickened. However, they require sunlight.

There is no single correct answer to the question “how to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse”, since there are a wide variety of planting schemes:

for undersized early ripe varieties that form several stems, the distance between tomatoes should be 40 cm, and between their rows - 50 cm. It is recommended to use a checkerboard pattern when creating two rows;
for determinant varieties that form 1 stem, the distance between their rows is 50 cm, and between plants - 25 cm.
indeterminate tall varieties must be planted in a checkerboard pattern in 2 rows. The distance here between rows should be 80 cm, and between adjacent plants - 60 cm.

When the planting scheme has been chosen, seedling transplantation is carried out as follows:

After planting, moderate watering is necessary. It is recommended to spray the soil with water. Such watering should be carried out at first. When the seedlings have taken root, watering is carried out every 4-5 days. For one sq. m. you need to pour out about 4 liters of water. Usually this procedure is carried out under the root in the morning. During the flowering period, the number of waterings is recommended to be increased by 2-3 times.

Airing the greenhouse should be carried out approximately 1.5-2 hours after watering.

Another important point in the care of sweets is pinching. The resulting stepchildren weaken the plants. Therefore, they should be removed. Carry out this procedure in the morning. With the help of cut stepchildren, tomatoes can be propagated. The first feeding is carried out 2 weeks after disembarkation.

Growing a tomato in a greenhouse is a troublesome business. The main thing is to adhere to the correct sowing and plant care. If everything is done correctly, then the harvest will turn out to be plentiful and tasty. This is the real reward for any gardener.

Video “Technology for growing tomatoes in greenhouses”

In this video, a farmer shares his experience of growing tomatoes.

How to plant

Tomatoes are thermophilic plants. Without creating certain conditions for them in our latitudes, they themselves cannot grow.
And although many varieties adapted to our climate have already been bred, planting tomatoes in a greenhouse helps to get a richer harvest than when growing them in open ground.

Tomato seedlings begin to grow long before planting in the ground. The land in greenhouses should also be prepared in advance.

We warm up the soil

For the successful growth of heat-loving plants, not only air temperature is important, but also soil. They can not be planted in cold ground categorically.
At best, the seedlings will get sick and take root poorly in a new place, at worst, they will simply die. Therefore, before planting tomatoes in a greenhouse, the soil needs to be warmed up.
In a heated greenhouse, this is not a problem, as is the case when the landing is made at the end of May - June, since by this time the earth warms up on its own. But what if you want to get an early harvest?
The instructions below will help you solve this problem:

Make sure that all windows in the greenhouse are closed and there are no cracks anywhere from broken film or cracked glass. Troubleshoot if necessary.
Glass or cover with an additional layer of transparent film.
Dig up or loosen the earth inside, then spread a black film on top. Under it, the soil warms up faster, as the black color attracts the sun's rays.

Close doors tightly.

Of course, you can put a heater inside, but this is done only if you live permanently on the site. After a few days, you can check the temperature of the soil using a regular household or special thermometer.
Planting a tomato in a greenhouse is allowed at temperatures above +10 degrees. Even better - wait until the earth warms up to +15 degrees.

We make beds

They are made about a week before planting tomatoes. Their device consists in creating mounds 30-40 cm high from fertile soil mixed with humus.
The ridges are made 60-80 cm wide by raking the soil from the row spacing. In this case, the width of the passage between the beds should be at least 60 cm.
For each such ridge, the seedlings will subsequently be planted in one row.

Advice. If the greenhouse is small, single-row plantings are too wasteful. In such cases, it is better to arrange high beds, making the sides of the boards with your own hands.
Their width should allow planting plants in two rows with a distance of about half a meter between them.

We plant tomatoes

It would seem that it could be simpler: he made a hole, poured water on it, installed a bush in it and sprinkled it with earth. However, such a simple matter as planting tomato seedlings in a greenhouse has its own tricks and nuances that will help you get an excellent result.

Preparing seedlings for transplanting

All gardeners know that the best seedling age for transplanting into the ground is 50 days. By this time, the plants form a good root system, they may even appear the first flower buds.
What needs to be done so that they can transfer the transplant normally?
Let's give some advice:

When growing seedlings on their own, it is necessary to harden them off, taking them out for a short while on a glazed balcony during the day or ventilating the room.
About a week before the tomatoes are planted in the greenhouse, they need to be sprayed with a solution of boric acid - one gram per liter of water. This treatment will save the buds and increase the yield.
The day before planting, remove cotyledon leaves from plants, as well as yellowed and showing signs of disease (see). This is done so that the leaves do not remain underground, and the places of the cliff on the stem have time to dry.

Attention! If the seedlings have grown, stretched out, remove the lower branches as well. Such plants are planted deeper, and they may end up in the ground.

20-30 minutes before planting, seedlings need to be watered very abundantly.

If you do not have the opportunity to grow seedlings at home, you should buy it from trusted gardeners or nurseries.

Drop off

Planting a tomato in a greenhouse begins with the preparation of holes. They are made in compliance with the following rules:

The distance between the holes should be at least 50-60 cm, so that as the plants grow, they do not interfere with each other.

The depth of the hole is 20-25 cm, no more, especially if the landing is made in early spring. At greater depths, the ground may still be cold.

Potassium, phosphorus and nitrogen fertilizers should be added to each well (see). They are dissolved in water, strictly following the instructions on the package, and the soil is poured abundantly.

Note! You should not bring fresh manure into the ground before planting, as many gardeners usually do. Excess nitrogen will lead to the fact that instead of tomatoes you will get an excellent crop of tops.

When the holes are ready, the seedlings are carefully removed from the seedling boxes or cups and set not vertically, but slightly at an angle to the surface of the bed, and sprinkle the roots with earth. Then water again, fill the hole completely and slightly compact the earth around.

How to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse, if the seedlings are too long, outgrown? In this case, not holes are made, but furrows at the top of the beds.
Plants are laid in them almost horizontally, so that most of the stem is covered with earth. This method is doubly effective, as it allows you not to bury the seedlings in the soil, and new roots are formed on the buried stem, feeding the plant.

All this should be done in the evening or on a cloudy day, since excessive solar activity does not contribute to the good survival of seedlings. It remains to be said that before planting tomatoes in a greenhouse, you need to prepare pegs for their garters.
They are installed next to each plant immediately, during planting. If you do this later, you can damage the roots.

What varieties of tomatoes should be chosen for planting in greenhouse conditions

Before planting, you must initially select the correct variety. This will affect costs and profits.
Modern gardeners already know about all existing greenhouse tomato varieties, but for beginners, such information will be very useful.
There are such types of tomatoes:

"Samara" is a sweet and very juicy variety that is intended for growing indoors.

"Honey Drop" is a very sweet and liquid variety.

"Moneymaker" - designed for growing tomatoes in a greenhouse. Planted in March and fruits appear in summer.

"Long Keeper" - gives fruit for 4 kg from a bush.

"Miracle of the Earth" is the most popular variety among summer residents for growing tomatoes in greenhouse conditions.

"Bull's heart" - has a high yield.

"Dina" is a very fertile variety. It has fruits up to 4.5 kg per bush.

These are the most popular varieties that are most commonly used in greenhouses for growing tomatoes.
It is also worth paying attention to when exactly the tomato seedlings are planted in the greenhouse. For some varieties, there is a specific time for such actions.

What design to choose for growing tomatoes

At the moment, greenhouse designs have a variety of types:

With a film covering on a wooden framework.

Film on a metal frame.

Polycarbonate on any type of frame construction and so on.

They also differ in their shape and size, see photos.

Here the question arises: In what type of greenhouse is it best to grow tomato seedlings and then plant them?
Most gardeners manage to grow crops in film greenhouses. But here it is worth paying attention to the fact that tomatoes are considered heat-loving plants. They will need to provide a warm temperature regime in the greenhouse (see).
If the greenhouse is used only in the spring, then planting tomato seedlings in it will not work. Especially if it's from film.

Advice. For growing tomatoes, it is best to use polycarbonate greenhouses.

Conclusion

It is not enough to plant any vegetable crop, it requires constant attention. But in this case, every stage is important, and proper planting is a guarantee that the plant will grow well.
To clarify some incomprehensible questions for yourself, we suggest that you additionally watch the video for this article.

An equal amount of garden soil cleared of weeds and roots, peat and river sand is mixed. The resulting substrate is watered with mineral fertilizers dissolved in water. Any ready-made kit from a hardware store will do. Peat can be replaced with humus. To reduce acidity, add 50 grams of chalk.
Humus and peat are added to the soddy land in equal amounts. Add 2 matchboxes of superphosphate and a half-liter jar of wood ash to a bucket of the mixture. Everything must be spilled with fresh water.

Simple instructions for preparing the soil will help you get full and healthy seedlings.

The best time to plant a tomato in a greenhouse

Since, it is possible to plant seedlings in it only after the soil has warmed up. And the plants should already have 5-7 leaves, a well-developed root system. It is important that the tomatoes are not overgrown in length.

On May 30, the time comes when it is already possible to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse without fear of frost. The soil has already warmed up enough, and the seedlings have reached the desired size. If the greenhouse does not have a film cover, but a polycarbonate one, then the plants can be transferred to the ground on May 15.

It is preferable to carry out the transplant procedure in the afternoon, in the late afternoon. Well, if the weather is cloudy and warm. Then overnight the plants will get stronger and take root better. Since the grown seedlings are transferred with a clod of earth from a cup, the weather conditions are of no fundamental importance - the root system remains intact.

You can grow seedlings directly in the greenhouse. To do this, prepare a high bed, about 20cm. It consists of earth dug up and cleared of weeds, peat and river sand.

Mandatory element - compost.

Note! After applying mineral fertilizers, the soil is thoroughly mixed and covered with a thick plastic film. With this approach, weed seeds and bacteria die due to lack of oxygen.

Planting seeds in the ground

In southern regions with a milder climate, it is allowed to grow tomatoes from seeds directly in the ground. In this case, it is necessary to decide when to sow tomatoes in a greenhouse, guided by the temperature of the soil and air. But you can not depend on weather fluctuations and accelerate the process of warming the soil.

In the greenhouse, you can arrange a heating system. This is done either with manure or by running an electrical cable along the bottom of the greenhouse. In the first case, at the very beginning of preparing the soil for planting, horse manure is placed at the bottom of the trench, sprinkled with river sand, and fertile soil on top. When rotting, manure releases heat, which heats the greenhouse and plants.

At the same time, it is necessary to carefully monitor the temperature and humidity in order to prevent the seedlings from drying out. If seeds are sown directly into the soil, then seedling picking is necessary.

This is done after the appearance of two true leaves. After picking, seedlings take root faster and grow better. Do not forget about fertilizing with fertilizers.

When it's time to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse, you can be completely sure that her age is suitable for planting. If she is too young, then she will not have enough time for the bulk of the fruit to ripen.

Cause of seed death

An important step before planting is seed preparation., and here it is important not to overdo it.

Some vegetable growers recommend dipping the whole batch in saline to separate the bad seeds from the good ones. Floated units are considered not viable and are rejected. But, as practice shows, normal plants can develop from them.

Before planting tomatoes in a greenhouse, you should not torment the seeds with lengthy quality control procedures. This only reduces their productivity and may affect the quality of the crop. There are a number of factors that lead to the death of seeds.

Causes:

Seeds obtained from other vegetable growers, and not bought in a store, can be infected with an infection. They should be decontaminated before planting;
The infection is sometimes contained in the soil - it is recommended to pour it with a weak solution of potassium permanganate;
The soil may be toxic or overloaded with salts;
Many amateur gardeners know when to plant tomatoes in a greenhouse, but not everyone knows that the seeds should not be buried too deep. This often leads to rotting of seedlings due to an extended germination period;
Excessive watering is one of the causes of seed death, especially in combination with low temperatures;
When the seeds have been stored at a low temperature for a long time, they fall into a state of deep dormancy. It's pretty hard to get them out. Planting may be pointless - they will either sprout in 3-4 weeks, or not sprout at all.

To achieve maximum germination and germination of seeds in a natural way, without resorting to chemical agents, they must be soaked in melt water. It is a catalyst and awakens plants very well.

There are two options:

Collect snow in a bucket that will melt. For soaking, take only 1/3 part, pour the rest - all harmful impurities settle there;
Pour water into a tight plastic bag and place in the freezer. When ¾ of the bag is frozen, the rest is drained. They cannot be used. The rest is melted and added to the seeds.

Such water is biologically active, 2-3 days it retains the ability to stimulate seed germination. The price of these methods is only the cost of the freezer bag.

Conclusion

A greenhouse is a place that will help you collect a bucket of tomatoes from a bush. But it all depends on the right approach already at the stage of seed selection and their preparation. It is also important to have a nutritious and healthy soil containing fertilizers and trace elements. The video in this article will tell you in detail about how to grow tomatoes in a greenhouse.