Growing basil in a greenhouse and on a window. Basil: growing a favorite spice and an excellent healer from seeds How much does basil grow in a greenhouse

Basil is a healthy seasoning that gives dishes a piquant taste and a pleasant aroma. With the onset of the summer season, I want to get an early harvest of this valuable and tasty spice. If you sow directly into the ground, you will have to wait a long time for the harvest, since basil is heat-loving, demanding of soil nutrition and the rules of agricultural technology. But if you grow it through seedlings, then achieving an early harvest of greenery will be quite easy.

Sowing basil for seedlings

The seedling method of planting basil is an opportunity to get early greens and collect full-fledged seed material for planting next season. Healthy and strong seedlings are the key to a good result, so when growing them, you need to pay attention to the timing of planting, as well as the conditions for growing them.

Step 1: determine planting dates

When determining the timing of sowing seeds, you need to focus on the possible timing of planting seedlings in open ground or a greenhouse. In the temperate climate zone, this is approximately the first ten days of June. In regions with warmer climates, seedlings can be planted as early as mid-May. By this time, the possibility of return frosts will have passed, consistently warm weather will have established, the soil will have warmed up sufficiently (up to +10–15 degrees), and the basil plantings will not be threatened by weather disasters.

Helpful information! In the southern regions, basil is most often planted with seeds directly into the ground, but in the northern regions a full harvest can only be obtained by growing seedlings.

In order to accurately determine the timing of sowing, use the following scheme:

Let’s take the estimated date of planting the seedlings to a permanent location as a starting point. Let's say that the possible date for your area is June 1st.
From this date it takes 60 days - the required age of seedlings before planting. We get April 2.
Let's subtract another 2 weeks. This is the maximum time required for seeds to germinate. The resulting date is March 19.
If the seedlings are grown with picking, that is, with transplantation from a common container into individual ones, then it is necessary to subtract another 4–5 days (the time for the seedlings to adapt after picking). We get the seed sowing date - March 14.

When determining the timing of sowing, the selected variety must also be taken into account. Mid-late and late ripening basil develops more slowly, so its seeds are planted several days earlier. The sowing time for early and mid-early varieties needs to be shifted in the other direction. These plants develop faster and can outgrow within the specified time. This is extremely undesirable, because overgrown seedlings will take a long time to take root.

Note! If you plan to grow basil in a greenhouse, then the timing of sowing seedlings is shifted by two weeks, that is, to the beginning of March.

Step 2: prepare the containers

Any container is suitable for sowing basil seeds. When choosing, you should decide in advance whether you will grow seedlings with or without picking seedlings. If you are planning a diving procedure, then for initial sowing you can choose boxes in which the seedlings will feel free, they will be easy to care for, they can be quickly moved to a new place or turned the other side to the light.

When selecting planting containers, keep in mind that their height must be at least 8 cm

When growing without picking, individual containers are preferred. In this case, sowing seeds can be done:

peat tablets, cassettes and pots;
paper honeycomb;
cassettes and trays made of PVC and polystyrene;
containers made from scrap materials, etc.

Photo gallery: individual planting containers for growing seedlings

You should not use very fertile soil: it is useless for germinating seeds, and can even cause harm - slow down the emergence of seedlings and their growth, and provoke diseases

Note! You can use a nutritious soil mixture sold in specialized stores. To disinfect it, use a saturated solution of potassium permanganate or Fitosporin.

If necessary, the mixed and disinfected soil mixture is spilled with a nutrient composition. To do this, urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate (0.5 teaspoon each) are added to the settled water. After the fertilizer has dissolved, moisten the prepared substrate with it. Such watering will make the soil more nutritious and provide the emerging seedlings with all the necessary elements.

Step 4: processing planting material

Basil seeds will only be active in the presence of heat and sunlight, because their natural habitat is the hot climate of India. Therefore, before planting, it is recommended to warm them up to a temperature of +40 degrees. This can be done on a sunny windowsill or on radiators. After warming up, it is recommended to soak the seeds for a day in warm water (approximately +40 degrees), and then dry them slightly.

Helpful advice! For soaking, you can use solutions of growth stimulants Zircon, Albit, etc.

Be prepared for basil seeds to become very slimy when soaked.

Important! High-quality, heated and moisture-saturated seeds will sprout approximately 7–10 days after sowing.

Step 5: planting correctly

Sowing basil is absolutely easy. This procedure includes the following steps:

A drainage layer of expanded clay or pebbles is laid at the bottom of the landing container. Its thickness should be 2-3 cm.
The planting container is filled with the prepared substrate so that at least 1 cm remains to the edges of the planting container.
When filling the container, keep in mind that the moistened soil will settle a little
The soil is slightly compacted and moistened.
Warmed up, saturated with moisture and slightly dried seeds are evenly laid out on the surface of the soil.
To prevent seedlings from competing for a place in the sun, it is better to immediately lay out the seeds at a distance of 2–3 cm from each other
They are sprinkled with a layer of soil mixture of about 0.5 cm on top. When planting several varieties, labels with names are installed so that you can then navigate through the varieties you like.
Fill the cassettes with the remaining soil so that the basil seeds are at a depth of 0.5–1 cm
The ground is carefully sprayed (preferably with a spray bottle) so that the seeds are not washed to the surface. Do not use strong water jets. It is fraught with the fact that the seeds, along with water, can go deep. Because of this, they will germinate for a long time or not sprout at all.
The best way to moisten the earth is spraying with a spray gun
The containers are covered with film or glass and placed in a well-lit and warm place.
As soon as planting has been done, the container is covered with glass or polyethylene film to create a greenhouse effect.

Video: basil seedlings in a snail

Seedling care

The optimal temperature for keeping boxes with planted seeds will be +20–25 degrees. After emergence of seedlings, the covering material is removed and the containers are placed in a room with a temperature of +16–20 degrees. In such conditions, the seedlings will not stretch.

After removing the film, basil needs to be provided with regular and timely care.

It is necessary to provide the seedlings with sufficient light. Poor lighting will lead to weakening and stretching of crops. Therefore, place containers with seedlings in well-lit places, protected from bright sunlight.

Note! Direct sunlight on young leaves can cause burns.

Watering

The top layer of soil in the planting container should not dry out. Without moisture, small plants will begin to wither and stop growing. Overmoistening of the soil also harms hatching seeds. It can cause the roots to die off, rot, and develop a disease such as black leg.

Important! If, when examining the seedlings, you notice that a dark constriction has appeared in the lower part of the stem, and the root collar has darkened, these are signs of the black leg disease. It is urgent to treat the seedlings with a solution of copper sulfate: 1 teaspoon of copper sulfate per 2 liters of warm water.

Basil seedlings love to be watered with settled, warm (at least +22 degrees) water. Watering directly from the tap can cause the roots to die. Water the seedlings with caution; you should try to moisten the soil rather than water the leaves. If moisture gets on the green parts of the plant, it can lead to the spread of fungal diseases.

Basil seedlings should be watered carefully, making sure they do not fall

Helpful information! There is a misconception that before transporting seedlings to the planting site, they must be well watered. This is incorrect, because succulent stems and leaves are more fragile, they are more likely to break than slightly wilted.

Picking seedlings is an optional process. If the seeds were sown in individual containers, or the sowing was carried out in a sufficiently large tray and the seedlings were not thickened, then it is quite possible to do without picking. It is enough to further thin out the seedlings and add soil to the container to strengthen the plant stems.

If necessary, picking is carried out in the phase of two true leaves. The composition of the soil mixture can be the same as when sowing basil seeds. Picking is carried out as follows:

Individual containers are filled with nutrient soil and lightly compacted.
A small depression is made in the center.
The seedlings are watered so that they can be easily removed from the substrate and the seedlings can be easily separated from each other.
Basil seedlings are ready for picking at the stage of 2–3 true leaves
Each seedling is lowered into a prepared hole. The planting depth should be the same as that of the seedlings.
Basil seedlings do not form adventitious roots on the stem, so it is better to pick them without deepening them
The sprouts are sprinkled with earth.
Each basil seedling is planted in a separate container.
Water carefully, preventing the seedlings from falling.
Immediately after picking, the plants are carefully watered

7–10 days after picking, the seedlings can be fed with urea (1 teaspoon) and superphosphate (0.5 teaspoon) dissolved in water (1 liter). Periodically it is recommended to pollinate the ground in containers with wood ash. It will not only provide the seedlings with additional nutrition, but will also be an excellent prevention of fungal diseases.

Video: how to dive basil seedlings

When growing basil seedlings, they try to create comfortable conditions for it. If there is a sudden change in the artificially created environment - for example, when transplanting into open ground - the plant will experience stress and may take a long time to recover and get sick. It is recommended to gradually accustom and prepare seedlings for a new mode of existence. For this purpose it is hardened. Hardening begins approximately 2 weeks before planting the plant in a permanent place. It is taken out into the fresh air or into a film greenhouse. The main condition: the temperature of the seedlings during hardening should not be lower than +5 degrees.

Important! The optimal hardening regime is to create a daytime temperature within the range of +15–17 degrees, and a night temperature – +12–15. During hardening, limit watering of seedlings.

First, the plants are taken out into the fresh air for no more than 2–3 hours, when the air temperature rises to the level required for basil

Transplanting seedlings into open ground

Basil seedlings will be ready for planting in open ground at the age of 50–60 days. By this time, it should have at least 5 true leaves, be healthy and strong. When determining the timing of transplantation, you should focus on weather conditions: the danger of night frosts must pass, and the soil must warm up to a temperature of at least +10 degrees. For planting, choose a sunny place, protected from the north wind, carefully loosen the area and fill it well with organic matter (1 bucket of rotted manure per square meter). The transplant is carried out as follows:

Note! If the transplant is carried out in compliance with the specified rules, then in just a few days the basil seedlings will come into force and the bush will begin to actively grow.

Video: transplanting basil seedlings into a garden bed

Features of planting basil seedlings in a greenhouse

In protected soil, comfortable conditions for planting basil occur several weeks earlier than in open soil. The rules for transplanting basil into a greenhouse do not differ from planting it in open ground. The main feature is that in unprotected soil, plants are most often planted in a row or in a separate ridge. In greenhouses and greenhouses, basil is used as a compacting plant between tomatoes, eggplants and peppers. For better growth and bushiness, it is recommended to pinch the top of the seedling. Provided the soil has good nutritional value and regular and abundant watering, the harvest will be early and of high quality.

In the conditions of the Moscow region, northwestern and northern regions, it is cultivation in a greenhouse that will provide an early and abundant harvest of greenery

Compatibility of basil with other plants

Basil is one of the companion plants, that is, those herbs that secrete specific substances that have a beneficial effect on other crops: enhancing their growth, disinfecting the air, repelling pests. Therefore, basil bushes are often used in joint plantings. Basil goes well with the following plants:

tomatoes;
Basil improves the taste of tomatoes and also repels many pests from tomatoes, including the tomato hornworm.
beans. Basil protects legume plantings from damage by bean weevil;
pepper and eggplant;
Experienced gardeners claim that when planting basil + pepper, plants help each other
fruit trees. Phytoncides secreted by the plant limit the spread of pests and diseases;
in the aisles of cabbage, carrots and other vegetables;

The only plants whose proximity to basil is not recommended are rue, as well as cucumbers, which do not like combined planting with any aromatic herbs. Basil itself grows well after those crops for which a large amount of organic matter was added: legumes, cucumbers, tomatoes, potatoes, zucchini, onions, cabbage and carrots, as well as green manure. Given the rules of crop rotation, you cannot plant basil in one place for several years in a row. The culture can be returned to its original place no sooner than after 4–5 years.

Considering the huge number of advantages of basil, its benefits, including for garden crops, you should always have this plant in open ground beds and in greenhouses. All you have to do is choose your favorite variety - and you can start planting it.

Basil, of course, is not as popular with us as the original spices - dill or horseradish. But in India it grows everywhere, and is used not only as a spicy plant. There it is considered a sacred plant, protecting the home from evil spirits and bringing good luck. Therefore, it should be grown wherever possible - in front of the front door, on windows, in gardens.

It would not be amiss to say that the taste of basil goes very harmoniously with the taste of tomatoes, which is why it is used in the preparation of sun-dried tomatoes, as well as in the recipe for classic sauce for pizza, pesto, bruschetta, etc.

Bruschetta or bruschetta. Traditional Italian appetizer.

It will take no more than 5-10 minutes to prepare. cut the bread into slices and fry it in a frying pan or grill until slightly golden brown. Rub the fried slices of bread with a piece of garlic. If desired, peel the tomatoes and cut into cubes or slices. if the tomatoes are cut into small cubes, then mix the chopped tomatoes with herbs, add salt and pepper. Drizzle lightly with olive oil. For each fried piece of bread, grated with garlic, place tomatoes (slices or already prepared filling of tomatoes and herbs). If desired, add salt and pepper and add a couple of basil leaves.

Moreover, for those who grow tomatoes in a greenhouse, basil can be a very useful compacting plant. Basil bushes planted between tomato bushes repel some pests with their pungent odor. Well, at least that’s what “popular rumor” says. I haven’t really noticed that basil scared anyone away, and in our country there’s no one to scare away tomatoes... Or maybe that’s why there’s no one?...

How to grow excellent basil seedlings? Nothing could be simpler. Do not believe in fairy tales about the capriciousness, whimsicality and other tricks of basil. The main thing to remember is that basil is a very heat-loving plant. It does not tolerate frost even for short periods (that’s why it grows very poorly on our street). And he loves the sun very much.

So, we grow basil seedlings. When to sow seeds? I do this quite early - at the beginning of March, and if you really want to - you can sow even at the end of February. The fact is that the first month basil grows slowly, and planted in March, by May it reaches just the size “suitable” for planting in a greenhouse.

I sow in small cassette pots, the volume of soil in each is approximately 100 milliliters. I put a few seeds in each pot - 2-3-4 pieces. The seeds are buried 0.5-1 centimeter, watered abundantly and placed in a very warm place. The warmer it is, the faster they will rise. Approximately at + 25, seedlings appear in 5 days.

At first, seedlings require a lot of light, otherwise they will stretch out in the heat, although this is not so bad. You can grow basil seedlings on the western and eastern windows, although, of course, the seedlings will turn out better on the southern one. I wouldn’t be surprised if something grows on the north window too. You can grow 2-3 plants in a pot, and then plant them in a permanent place. Or you can leave 1 most beautiful bush. In general, different varieties bush in different ways; regular, “classic” bushes well.

In this volume, 100 ml, you can grow basil throughout March and April, and in May you can plant it in a greenhouse. There is no need to dive seedlings, at least I don’t see any point in it - basil’s root system is already superficial and fibrous.

It should be noted again that I mainly use basil as a compacting plant between tomato bushes. For all our needs, 6-10 bushes are more than enough, with 2-3 roots in each. But we don’t use it very actively. If you want to grow for sale or you are simply bored with 100 bushes of it, then there will be no problem growing seedlings en masse in one box; basil tolerates replanting and picking normally, almost does not wither, only its growth is inhibited for several days.

If you plant 1-2 plants in a permanent place between tomato bushes, then pinch the top of the head and your basil will begin to actively bush.

Basil is very fond of soils rich in nitrogen and humus. If you plant it in well-fertilized soil with compost and water it heartily, preferably every day, then the bushes will grow very quickly in the greenhouse and will soon bloom with quite fragrant white or lilac flowers. In the black earth and in the south, there is apparently no point in planting in a greenhouse. And in the Moscow region and in the north-west, basil in a greenhouse is the best place; it can only be grown in open ground in warm years.

Which basil is better - green or red? Everyone answers this question independently; it is purely a matter of taste. I prefer the green version. There are also small-leaved forms similar to thyme, and even lemon-scented varieties. But this is completely an acquired taste; I prefer classic basil.

Growing basil is quite possible at home, in the window. For a basil bush of 2-3 pinched, bushy shoots, a pot with a volume of only 1-1.5 liters will be enough. The main thing is to water it properly, and when the lower leaves begin to turn yellow, it means you haven’t fed the plant for a long time. Water it with complex fertilizer, which necessarily contains nitrogen, potassium and iron.

Basil grown in the country (video)

Find out how to cheaply and quickly make a roof for a country house

Growing basil from seedlings is a fairly popular way to quickly and efficiently grow a crop and get a harvest. Sowing of seedlings occurs at the end of March or at the very beginning of April, sowing depth is up to 1 cm. In order for the seedlings to germinate quickly, within about 10 days, temperature adjustment is required, which must be kept at +25+27°C throughout this period. Next, they are planted into small pots. The pots with young seedlings are kept in a greenhouse, where they are fertilized and hardened. It will be necessary to apply mineral fertilizers in the first leaf phase (if, of course, the seedlings do not develop well). It’s easy to prepare them - dilute 3 g of potassium, 2 g of nitrogen and 5 g of phosphorus fertilizers per liter of clean water, and water them. Already before planting in open ground, about a week in advance, it is necessary to harden the plants - limit watering, arrange ventilation in the greenhouse with a decrease in temperature. Around the beginning of June, when the danger of night frosts has completely passed, basil is planted in open ground. Arrangement on the garden bed in rows, 30 cm apart, and a distance between plants of 25 cm. Planting takes place in small holes, 7-8 cm deep, into which about a liter of water is poured before placing the young plant. Basil is planted in pots, but only so that the central bud and young leaves remain on the surface. While the plant is taking root, the basil is watered constantly, after this period - watering only as needed. How to grow basil from seedlings: detailed instructions starting from planting seeds, and ending with transferring the basil to open ground

Everyone calls this process differently, for example, growing basil on a windowsill or growing basil in a pot, but the essence remains the same. You will need to grow a culture from seed in a pot, or transplant already grown basil from cuttings. As in open ground, you will need a fertile bud and warm, calm conditions. Basil is planted several plants in one pot, the pots are placed in sunny, well-warmed places, watering occurs as the soil dries up, about once every 5-6 days. Also, fertilizing with mineral fertilizers will be necessary, according to the scheme described earlier. Feeding basil at home is carried out about once a month. Growing basil from seeds at home is a little slower than growing basil in a greenhouse and outdoors, but you can always achieve excellent results by providing the crop with the necessary conditions. Growing basil at home: the right soil , fertilizer, watering and sunny place

Growing basil: agricultural technology and features Growing basil in the country will require increased attention from the owner of the site, unless, of course, a rich and stable crop is of interest, and not sluggish greens that can grow without special care.

Basil grown in the country (video)

Indeed, every culture in the country needs attention, and especially basil, which, although it can easily cope with many pests and diseases, is very demanding on soil and heat. How to grow basil without a crazy loss of time and effort, and get a decent harvest that will delight our table with spicy seasoning by the end of the season? Secrets of growing basil now.

Agricultural technology for growing basil requires fertile and well-maintained soil, which means that we will have to work hard to create the best option for growing the crop. Basil is best planted in well-warmed areas that are protected from wind and drafts. The plant prefers light sandstones, well seasoned with organic matter. Legumes, potatoes, tomatoes and cucumbers are considered the best predecessors of plants in the garden, since organic fertilizers are consistently applied to them. Preparing the soil for growing basil in open ground begins in the autumn, when the bed is well dug up and fertilized. The digging depth is about 20-25 cm, about the size of a shovel, soil fertilizers (per 1 m2) are 3-5 kg of humus or compost, 22-25 g of superphosphate and about 15 g of potassium salt. If growing basil is planned on heavy soils, clay and loam soils, then in the fall it is necessary to form regular ridges, which in the spring should be well hoeed (depth up to 15 cm). Soil for growing basil: preparation and fertilization

In order for the seedlings to germinate quickly, within about 10 days, temperature adjustment is required, which must be kept at +25+27°C throughout this period. Next, they are planted into small pots. The pots with young seedlings are kept in a greenhouse, where they are fertilized and hardened.

It will be necessary to apply mineral fertilizers in the first leaf phase (if, of course, the seedlings do not develop well). It’s easy to prepare them - dilute 3 g of potassium, 2 g of nitrogen and 5 g of phosphorus fertilizers per liter of clean water, and water them.

Already before planting in open ground, about a week in advance, it is necessary to harden the plants - limit watering, arrange ventilation in the greenhouse with a decrease in temperature. Around the beginning of June, when the danger of night frosts has completely passed, basil is planted in open ground. Arrangement on the garden bed in rows, 30 cm apart, and a distance between plants of 25 cm. Planting takes place in small holes, 7-8 cm deep, into which about a liter of water is poured before placing the young plant. Basil is planted in pots, but only so that the central bud and young leaves remain on the surface. While the plant is taking root, the basil is watered constantly, after this period - watering only as needed. How to grow basil from seedlings: detailed instructions starting from planting seeds, and ending with transferring the basil to open ground

In fact, growing and caring for basil is not particularly difficult; you just need to study the technology of growing basil and adhere to a certain scheme. Basil should be dug up for planting density, tearing off the top shoots, remove flowering from young plants, weed the weeds in the garden bed in a timely manner, and water the basil and loosen the soil. Also, you should not allow basil to be planted too thickly and have high soil moisture, otherwise the basil will suffer from gray mold.

When the basil reaches 10-12 cm, it can be removed little by little. The leaves are tied into bunches and dried, then finely ground and used as a seasoning for a variety of dishes.

As in open ground, you will need a fertile bud and warm, calm conditions. Basil is planted several plants in one pot, the pots are placed in sunny, well-warmed places, watering occurs as the soil dries up, about once every 5-6 days. Also, fertilizing with mineral fertilizers will be necessary, according to the scheme described earlier. Feeding basil at home is carried out about once a month. Growing basil from seeds at home is a little slower than growing basil in a greenhouse and outdoors, but you can always achieve excellent results by providing the crop with the necessary conditions. Growing basil at home: the right soil , fertilizer, watering and sunny place

Now that growing basil at home or in the open ground has become clear to you, you can choose the most suitable variety.

A plant with leaves of a deep bluish color and a persistent aroma of tea and allspice.

A crop with light green leaves, the aroma of which resembles a mixture of cloves and bay leaves.

A plant with purple-brown leaves, which, when harvested, can add a clove and mint aroma to any dish.

In addition, it is always possible to grow purple basil or grow lemon basil, which do well in pots on a windowsill or in open ground if you initially grow basil through seedlings in a greenhouse. We recommend reading the article about anise.

Today, basil is the most favorite among herbs, which is very common in the Caucasus. If you are interested in the question of how to grow basil in the country, then you are well aware of this aromatic crop. In nature, there are many different types of this herb, which differ only in shape, size and color.

These can be large or small leaves, round or pointed, green or purple. The qualities of basil are used as a spice and medicine, it can be used as a herb, a dry seasoning and for infusions.

This spice is grown in several ways - by seedlings and sowing seeds in the ground. In cooler areas, where summers are not so hot, it is better to use grown seedlings. Basil responds very well to fertile soils that are well heated by the sun. You can grow the plant in pots or in a greenhouse.

In order to grow basil seedlings, you need to fill the pots or boxes with fertile soil and sow the seeds to a depth of no more than half a centimeter, sprinkling the same nutrient mixture on top through a sieve. After this, the containers are covered with film or glass and placed in sunny and warm place indoors. From time to time, the cover should be opened and the ground ventilated.

At a favorable temperature, seedlings will appear within a week, after which it is advisable to lower the temperature, but leave enough sun for the seedlings so that the stems do not stretch too much. When 2-3 true leaves appear, the seedlings need to be planted so that they have more space. You can grow some plants from cuttings.

When the plant has already developed up to 6 leaves, you can cut off the tops and place it in a container with water; quite quickly the stems acquire a good root system, after which it is planted in pots, a greenhouse or open ground under a film. Growing basil in open ground. When The ground outside has already warmed up enough, you can plant seedlings. Basil prefers slightly acidic soils fertilized with compost.

Before planting, you need to prepare trenches up to 10 cm deep and water them with water at room temperature. After planting the seedlings, it is advisable to cover the soil on the surface with mulch. When the plants become stronger, they no longer need special care.

It is enough to regularly remove weeds and water the soil. When you start cutting the first greens, the plant will need to be nourished with an infusion of mullein or nettle.

Basil foliage can be cut throughout the summer, the main thing is that the plant is spacious and has enough air. When planting basil seeds, they need to be kept in rain or settled water for several hours. Plant the seeds in the beds to a depth of 1 cm.

The seeds are sprinkled with soil, watered with warm water and the beds are covered with film or glass. After the first shoots appear, the plants will need to be ventilated for 10 minutes a day and watered as the soil dries. When the first true leaves appear, the glass is removed and the seedlings are planted.

At the same time, maintain a distance of at least 5 cm between basil seedlings. After some time, the plant will get stronger and grow.

It will be necessary to pinch the tops so that it produces good lateral shoots. Video about Basil - the king of herbs. Now you already know how to grow basil in the country using seedlings prepared in advance or planting seeds directly into the ground. If you properly care for the plant, then you can enjoy aromatic salads and other dishes almost all year round, just as basil retains its qualities even in dried form.

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Conditions for growing basil at home in the garden and in the greenhouse, photo description. Clove aroma, caramel, growing in the country. Garden basil is a herb. In basil, everything you see has a completely delicious, pleasant, spicy smell.

The value of the leaves lies in the full range of useful vitamins C, B1, B2, PP, as well as a small composition of essential oils. Basil is often planted in strategic places to repel various annoying insects, for example, flies or mosquitoes. And what is also important is that the insecticidal properties of this plant are used to protect other useful plants from pests such as aphids or spider mites.

To do this, simply plant the basil in a convenient pot and place it near the affected plant. People from different countries have known for a very long time about the beneficial and tasty properties of basil leaves. As a medicinal plant, it is immediately used to stop headaches or as a gargle for a sore throat. Basil belongs to a number of annual, spicy, garden plants.

The maximum height of basil is 80 centimeters. Always with a huge number of leaves, which densely covers the plant. You can see basil blooming from mid-July to early September.

Ripe seeds look small and can be stored for up to 5 years.

To grow basil you need to choose only the most fertile soil, otherwise the plant will develop poorly or will not grow at all. Cold weather negatively affects the plant. Low temperatures can completely kill him.

The best place will always be a well-lit area. Basil seeds for seedlings are usually sown only in early April, no later. For seedlings, a small box or pot with well-watered soil mixture is suitable.

The seeds are planted to a depth of 1 cm, sometimes half a centimeter, and the distance between the rows is kept about 5 cm. Next, we place the box in a warm, well-lit place in which the air temperature is at least 20 degrees.

At this temperature, you will observe germination in 5 days. The next step is to start planting basil seedlings in pots and then to a permanent place in the garden. We are used to soaking the seeds before planting them.

With these seeds you don’t have to carry out this procedure, but you should always keep the soil in the box moist and not allow it to dry out. Under no circumstances should you use cold water for watering, only warm water!

Cold water contributes to the appearance of the disease - black leg. If you have not spared cold water and the total amount of water in general, the blackleg will need additional measures taken.

To combat blackleg, water the entire soil in the box with a solution of copper sulfate (mix half a teaspoon of sulfate per liter of water). The permanent place of basil in the garden must be chosen correctly, taking into account the fact that basil cannot grow in the same place every time once. The best option is to return the plant to its old place only for the 10th year of cultivation. We begin planting plants in open ground at the end of May.

At the same time, we try to choose a cloudy day for planting or when the sun is not very hot. After this, water all the plants thoroughly.

All care for basil throughout the season will consist only of clearing the soil around from weeds, as well as occasionally loosening the soil. And of course - water about 10 times during the growing season.

You must understand that frequent watering has a beneficial effect on the appearance of new leaves. The first month of the plant goes very poorly, as it slowly develops and gains strength.

The best option for the first month of growing is if you cover all the plants with film to maintain a warm temperature and retain moisture. You need to cut the greens before flowering begins, and cut off leaves and branches up to 10 cm. We proceed to complete pruning only during the flowering period , at this time the greens acquire maximum taste and smell. Both fresh and dried leaves and basil branches are used in cooking. It adds a unique flavor to whatever you throw it on.

Content:

Find out how to cheaply and quickly make a roof for a country house

Basil Care

Harvesting basil

Growing basil at home

Basil varieties

Basil of Yerevan

Basil Spoon-shaped

Basil of Baku

Basil grown in the country (video)

Growing basil: planting, care, varieties

Content:

Basil grown in the country (video)

soil for growing basil

Growing basil seedlings

Basil Care

Harvesting basil

When the basil reaches 10-12 cm, it can be removed little by little. The leaves are tied into bunches and dried, then finely ground and used as a seasoning for a variety of dishes.

Growing basil at home

Basil varieties

Now that growing basil at home or in the open ground has become clear to you, you can choose the most suitable variety.

Basil of Yerevan

A plant with leaves of a deep bluish color and a persistent aroma of tea and allspice.

Basil Spoon-shaped

A crop with light green leaves, the aroma of which resembles a mixture of cloves and bay leaves.

Basil of Baku

A plant with purple-brown leaves, which, when harvested, can add a clove and mint aroma to any dish.

Basil grown in the country (video)

How to grow basil in the country

These can be large or small leaves, round or pointed, green or purple. The qualities of basil are used as a spice and medicine, it can be used as a herb, a dry seasoning and for infusions.

How to plant and grow basil.

It is enough to regularly remove weeds and water the soil. When you start cutting the first greens, the plant will need to be nourished with an infusion of mullein or nettle.

At the same time, maintain a distance of at least 5 cm between basil seedlings. After some time, the plant will get stronger and grow.

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Basil, growing from seeds - technology

The maximum height of basil is 80 centimeters. Always with a huge number of leaves, which densely covers the plant. You can see basil blooming from mid-July to early September.

Ripe seeds look small and can be stored for up to 5 years.

Conditions for growing basil in open ground

The best place will always be a well-lit area. Basil seeds for seedlings are usually sown only in early April, no later. For seedlings, a small box or pot with well-watered soil mixture is suitable.

Cold water contributes to the appearance of the disease - black leg. If you have not spared cold water and the total amount of water in general, the blackleg will need additional measures taken.

At the same time, we try to choose a cloudy day for planting or when the sun is not very hot. After this, water all the plants thoroughly.

Caring for basil, all the secrets

You must understand that frequent watering has a beneficial effect on the appearance of new leaves. The first month of the plant goes very poorly, as it slowly develops and gains strength.

Recently, growing basil in a greenhouse or hothouse has become very popular. The likely reason for this is the desire to use a natural homemade product. This spice contains many vitamins. Using a greenhouse allows you to grow vegetables not only in summer, but also in cold winter. To get a good harvest, you need to familiarize yourself with all the intricacies of caring for this plant.

Advantages of using greenhouses:

when basil is placed in closed soil, it grows at an accelerated pace because it does not experience temperature changes;
if the greenhouse is equipped with heating, then the crop can be harvested all year round;
basil gets along without any problems with other herbs or vegetables in the neighborhood;
If you sell the spice in winter, when it has the highest price, you can make good money on it.

Greenhouse and soil requirements

Before planting, the greenhouse should be properly equipped. In case of early planting of crops, it is better to use glass as a covering for the greenhouse. Its use allows you to protect greens from frost and maintain a stable microclimate in which there will be no temperature changes.

A cushion of soil will protect the seedlings from freezing. Such care allows you to reduce water consumption for irrigation. The greenhouse will need to be equipped with vents.

It is better to build a greenhouse on a piece of land that receives good sunlight. The soil should be loose and moderately acidic. You can improve soil properties with the help of fertilizers. The use of peat, soil and sand is considered an inexpensive and practical option. It needs to be used to fill the beds after first removing 20-25 centimeters of soil.

You can also simply dig up a piece of land to a level of 30 centimeters. Then everything is distributed throughout the site.

Variety selection

There are a huge number of varieties of basil on Earth. Each of them has its own characteristics and taste. Inexperienced gardeners are better off choosing popular plant varieties.

Yerevan

This variety is an annual plant. Yerevan basil has a pleasant taste and also contains a large amount of carotene. The full ripening cycle is 45 days. This herb can be used as a seasoning for various dishes, or added as a herb.

Spoon-shaped

This variety received its name because of the unusual shape of the leaves, which are concave inward. The leaves of the plant are oblong and light green in color. There are no teeth on them. This spice tastes like a mixture of cloves and bay leaves. Spoon-shaped basil is often used for cooking meat, as well as dishes that contain tomato.

Baku

The Baku variety was originally grown in Azerbaijan. The shape of the leaves is similar to Yerevan, but has a different color. Because of this, people call it “black”. The aroma of the greens is similar to a mixture of mint and cloves. Oriental dishes are usually seasoned with Baku basil.

Growing from seeds and seedlings

If this spice is grown using seedlings, then in warm regions planting in containers should be done in early spring. In places with colder climates - a month later.

It is preferable to plant basil seeds in mid-spring, since the greenhouse must be sufficiently warm. Before planting, the soil must be well moistened, and only then the grain should be placed to a depth of 1 centimeter.

A distance of 15 centimeters should be maintained between seeds, and the width between rows should be 30 centimeters. An important condition is the temperature, it should be around 20-25 degrees. Further care of the greens is carried out as usual. If necessary, seedlings will need to be thinned.

If you grow basil from seedlings, you will first need to germinate them. To do this, you need to plant the seeds to a depth of 5 millimeters in special containers. After sowing, they are covered with glass. In order for the seedlings to develop correctly, during the period when the leaves appear, they need to be watered with a solution of phosphorus, potassium and nitrogen fertilizers. After seedlings have germinated, they can be planted in a greenhouse. This should be done according to the 20x35 centimeter pattern.

Care, watering and fertilizing

The first few weeks of a plant like basil, brass knuckles slowly grow. The most suitable temperature is considered to be between 22-28 degrees. If the temperature drops to 15 degrees, the growth of basil greens may slow down significantly.

Temperatures below 3 degrees are considered detrimental to the plant. Also, when planting, you should take into account that basil does not grow well in climates that are too hot. In the summer, the greenhouse must be ventilated.

The plant needs regular watering. It is advisable to do this once a week. If possible, water for irrigation should be infused throughout the day and slightly above room temperature (25 degrees). Drip watering of greenery has long established itself as the most effective method. Organizing automatic watering will facilitate the process of caring for the plant. If desired, the system can be adjusted and set to spray.
When growing basil, it is necessary to feed the plant two weeks after transplanting into greenhouse conditions. Nitrogen fertilizers will help speed up growth. Their preparation will require mixing 10 liters of water and 10 grams of urea. This volume is enough to water 3 square meters of soil. Repeated feeding is also required. It is performed 20 days after the previous one. For repeated feeding, it is recommended to use complex fertilizers. They are diluted at the rate of 25 grams per 10 liters of water. Diluted manure or bird droppings are also considered top dressing. The process of re-feeding the soil is carried out after the next cutting of the shoots.

Harvesting

As soon as the shoots reach 12 centimeters, they are cut off. This should be done over the 3rd pair of leaves. Their oriented height is 7-8 centimeters from the soil level. The soil between the rows will need to be loosened. Fertilizers are also added to it. After 20 days, the greens will grow to the desired size, after which they will need to be cut again. Each basil bush allows you to harvest up to 4 times.

You need to harvest before the leaves become rough. To dry greens, they should be picked in warm, dry weather.

Diseases and pests

Despite the fact that basil shows resistance to most diseases, improper care of the plant weakens it and makes it vulnerable to pests. The most common mistakes are: watering extremely frequently and in large quantities. Hypothermia of basil also leads to weakening of the plant and even its death.

Features of growing in winter

Growing vegetables in winter is possible thanks to greenhouses. This method is considered profitable, but not every beginning gardener has the opportunity to build and equip a full-fledged greenhouse. Much more often, people grow basil in pots and store them in their own home on the windowsill. Caring for basil at home is almost the same as caring for other plants.