Report “70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War as a powerful factor in the development of patriotism in preschoolers. A great victory. virtual guide Year of the 70th anniversary of the victory in WWII

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We are ending the online broadcast of the celebration on May 9th. Read our material about Victory Day in facts and figures.

So, not only historical, but also the latest promising models of military equipment passed through Red Square, including the T-14 Armata tanks, the Kurganets infantry fighting vehicle and the Boomerang armored personnel carrier, the Tigr and Typhoon armored vehicles. The parade traditionally involved operational-tactical, anti-aircraft and strategic missile systems - Iskander, S-400 Triumph, Yars - and self-propelled guns. The audience was also shown the latest Coalition-SV installations. Members of the Berkuts aerobatic team, a Tu-95 strategic bomber team, Tu-95 supersonic strategic bombers and a Tu-160 (White Swan) bomber flew over the square. The audience also saw the Su-27, Su-35, Su-30, MiG-31, MiG-29SMT, Su-34, the Swifts and Russian Knights aerobatic teams.

“In general: at such events, the organization of security, reception, and assistance is always at the highest level,” says Gazeta.Ru correspondent Valery Volkov. “The security officers are polite and responsive, the doctors are prompt and kind, the police are joking, the military are smiling. If one of the guests needs help, he immediately receives it. Any advice, in which direction it is better to leave the square, an ambulance, if God forbid it became ill, a support hand for young volunteers on duty throughout the event, to lean on going down from the stands. Veterans are given flowers, photographed with them, congratulated and thanked. If only it were like this every day in life, and not just on Red Square on May 9 ... "

For lovers of numbers. 16.5 thousand soldiers passed through Red Square, 194 units of equipment passed and 143 aircraft flew over. The parade was attended by 2.3 thousand veterans of the Great Patriotic War. Ten crews of the armed forces of the countries participating in the CIS and friendly states took part in the parade. Among them are Azerbaijan, Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, India, Mongolia, Serbia and China. In general, almost 85,000 Russian servicemen are involved in parades in about 30 Russian cities. 68 foreign leaders received invitations for the 70th anniversary of the Victory, but due to the crisis in Ukraine, only about 30 heads of state and government of foreign countries and heads of international organizations took part in the celebrations. Mostly Asian, African leaders and allies of Moscow from the CIS.

After the ceremony, the leaders of foreign states stroll through the Alexander Garden. At the head of the procession, Putin, Nazarbayev and Xi Jinping.

The wreath-laying ceremony begins, in which, in addition to Vladimir Putin, leaders of foreign states who have arrived in Moscow take part. The National Anthem of Russia is played again.

Putin and Shoigu, talking animatedly, leave Red Square and head towards the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.

To the question of Shoigu, who crossed himself before the parade. Here is what the future Minister of Defense himself said in an interview with the Vremya Novostei newspaper: “And I was baptized abroad. At the age of five in the city of Stakhanov. Now it is an independent Ukraine.” Interesting coincidences.

“Fantastic coherence,” Gazeta.ru correspondent Valery Volkov sums up the parade. - All participants and those responsible need a medal and an award. Dynamics, speed, precision. Worthy."

To the music of the song "Victory Day", the combined orchestra leaves Red Square - the parade is coming to an end, but we do not say goodbye to you, we continue the broadcast.

The parade ends with the performance of the song "We are the army of the people."

A total of 143 aircraft will fly over Red Square.

The air part of the parade begins. At the helm of the first of the planes is Air Force Commander-in-Chief Viktor Bondarev.

In some Russian cities, the celebration does not come without incident.

In Chita, the Buk air defense system caught fire during the Victory Parade on Lenin Square. After extinguishing the fire, a military truck drove up to the installation and took it away on a trailer. Some frames of the parade in Moscow also show thick smoke from a warehouse on fire in the north-east of the capital at Selskokhozyaistvennaya Street.

In addition, in Moscow, the security forces smashed the alternative exhibition "We won" by the Blue Rider group in the S-Art art gallery in Moscow, its organizers complained. The REN-TV report said that at the "Nazi" exhibition "the holy symbols of the Great Victory were trampled into the mud."

And yesterday, in Rostov-on-Don, a part of the memorial to the fallen soldiers collapsed on Karl Marx Square during the laying of flowers at the Eternal Flame by the Armenian delegation. A piece of the monument miraculously did not touch a 15-year-old student of gymnasium No. 19 of the Pervomaisky district.

“Technology is moving at a wild speed,” the Gazeta.Ru correspondent reports. “The dynamics of this parade are fundamentally different.”

The passage of military equipment began.

"Last parts. Orange berets - Ministry of Emergency Situations. And they also go great - proudly, easily.

“And the airborne paratroopers were amazing. They even get clapped."

“The Chinese have surpassed everyone in, so to speak, “leg synchronization,” writes Gazeta.Ru correspondent Valery Volkov. - Fantastic consistency. But our Marines were definitely not worse. Proudly, clearly and beautifully.

The Ukrainian authorities abandoned the large-scale celebration of May 9 because of the war in the east of the country. Instead, Kyiv is trying to cross historical traditions. In Russia, the activity of the UPA is officially banned.

By the way, the grandfather of another Gazeta.Ru correspondent, himself a participant in the war, said that the parade is one of the most difficult duties of the military, we see it as a beautiful ceremony, but many could not stand it and fainted at rehearsals or right during the action .

“They definitely all go faster than usual,” Gazeta.ru correspondent Valery Volkov is sure. - Direct march on the limit. Apparently, due to the number of military and new elements of the parade, they all accelerated their pace.

Colorful Indian grenadiers march to the tune of "Katyusha".

Regiments of foreign states are coming. Immediately after the Azerbaijanis, the Armenians, an interesting rapprochement. Behind them are Belarusians - apparently, in alphabetical order.

Despite the fact that Putin could not resist and nevertheless mentioned at the end about attempts to build a unipolar world, on the whole, the speech turned out to be seasoned, correct and worthy. Finished right. About those who are not with us. Everyone got up. A moment of silence, the sound of a metronome.

It is interesting that Putin, it seems, has never mentioned the word "fascism", which has long been entrenched in Russian historiography, only "Nazism".

He lists the president and military personnel of those countries that today, together with the Russian military, will march along Red Square. Among them are soldiers of Belarus, Armenia, Kyrgyzstan, Serbia, China, India. He notes the merits of each of these countries, in particular, emphasizes that through China, which, like Russia, lost millions of lives in this war, the main line of the fight against militarism passed. The fact that we will increasingly compare ourselves with China in a military context, on the eve of Gazeta.Ru columnist Fyodor Lukyanov.

However, Putin also recalls his allies, thanks the peoples of the United States and Great Britain.

Putin starts right off the bat with a mention that “enlightened Europe” did not immediately see the threat in the ideas of fascism and racial superiority. And today the situation, according to Putin, "again calls for our vigilance."

While the Russian president is speaking, it is worth noting that Kyiv is expectedly tough on the parade. “The army of the aggressor will thunder with its deadly might to the whole world. Some of the units were in Donetsk just a few days ago and will appear at the military parade in Moscow,” President of Ukraine Petro Poroshenko said during the discussion “Consequences of the Second World War in 70 years” in Gdansk, Poland, Poland.

The speech of the President of Russia, Commander-in-Chief of the Russian Armed Forces Vladimir Putin begins.

While the head of the military department is touring the parade formations, congratulating them on the 70th anniversary of the Victory, let's say that more than 16 thousand people will take part in the parade on Red Square today, 143 aircraft will fly by, 194 units of military equipment will pass.

“Visually, one gets the impression that there are much fewer veterans than a year ago,” reports Valery Volkov, a correspondent for Gazeta.Ru. - At last year's parade there were still many elderly people, old people in medals and with tears in their eyes. Now - a lot of employees of the presidential administration, members of the government, right before the start, Nikita Mikhalkov marched businesslike. A place was quickly found for him, although there are clearly fewer seats in the stands than guests. By 10 o’clock they were barely seated.”

The parade begins to the music of the song "Holy War": the Banner of Victory and the Russian tricolor are brought to Red Square.

Preparations for the parade began in November 2014. At the end of March, the first rehearsal of the parade took place in Alabino near Moscow. Rehearsals went on until the last days: on May 7, planes flew over the center of Moscow.

The parade is starting!

The Victory Parade was held on June 24, 1945, but the next parade did not take place until 20 years later, in 1965, when the Victory Day holiday and non-working day were returned, and since then, until 1990, was held every five years, with the exception of 1975 of the year. In 1995, on the day of the 50th anniversary of the Victory, the first Russian parade took place, and it took place on Poklonnaya Hill (at that time they were building the Manezhka, they were afraid that the ground would fail under the equipment). Since 1996, the parades resumed on Red Square, in 1996 the Mausoleum was used as a tribune for the last time. Since then, parades have been held every year.

Who to invite from the so-called respected people - cultural figures, athletes - has always been decided in the Kremlin. According to Gazeta.Ru, in addition to the aforementioned Night Wolves, Vladimir Etush, Elina Bystritskaya, Ilya Glazunov, Zurab Tsereteli were invited to the current parade. An invitation was also sent to ex-president of the USSR Mikhail Gorbachev.

Presidential spokesman Dmitry Peskov said there would be 2,300 veterans at the parade. However, a source familiar with the invitation distribution system said that there were no tickets for the veterans whom Prime Minister Dmitry Medvedev wanted to invite to the parade - we are talking about those participants in the Second World War with whom the head of the Cabinet met this year. According to the interlocutor of Gazeta.Ru, the reason for the refusal is the mess that accompanied the distribution of invitations.

According to another informed interlocutor, the government suffered greatly in terms of obtaining tickets: deputy ministers, he says, almost lined up for tickets. Meanwhile, earlier it was not difficult for deputy ministers to receive an invitation. In general, quotas for the Cabinet, as a rule, are as follows: all ministers, the head of the government apparatus, his deputies and heads of government departments receive tickets. This time the heads of departments were not given invitations. The restrictions also affected the mayor’s office: according to a source familiar with the situation, Sergei Sobyanin’s protocol does not make it to the parade, although in non-anniversary years everything was exactly the opposite. But they did not cut the parliamentary quota: invitations were issued for all deputies of the State Duma and all members of the Federation Council. True, the Duma apparatus was cheated: instead of the traditional fifty invitation cards, only two were allocated.

By the way, about the guests. According to Gazeta.Ru, this year the distribution of invitations to the parade was completely controlled by the presidential administration. The mayor's office, through which part of the invitations for veterans are usually distributed, was not involved this time. A source familiar with the preparations for the parade claims that the opportunity to receive an invitation to "all sorts of bureaucratic structures" in favor of veterans and youth was limited. Several middle-class officials complained to Gazeta.Ru that they were unable to get invitations to the parade, although in previous years it was easy.

“And here is the Night Wolves,” reports the correspondent of Gazeta.Ru. — Two. The police recognized them immediately. But so that no one else is confused either, “night wolves” is also written on the back of the jackets. But the security frames still had to be passed on a common basis, removing from the belt and taking out everything that rang from the pockets. They have a left stand. The one closer to the Historical Museum.

Today is that rare case when there are no parked cars at the buildings of the presidential administration, neither on Staraya Square, nor on Ilyinka Street, which runs right into Red Square. Some, however, were lucky: a proud white Range Rover, a car of the Investigative Committee and several other cars with flashing lights perched on Birzhevaya Square and in Vetoshny Lane near GUM.

“For some, St. George's ribbons turned into St. George's flags and fluttered from car windows,” says our correspondent. - The girls combined 12-centimeter high heels on their legs with caps on their heads. Closer to the main place of the event - Red Square - there were more and more business people in suits and elderly people in medals and orders. Basically, these were already guests of the parade with invitations.

“Already at eight o’clock in the morning, the center of Moscow was full of people who had gathered to watch the passage of equipment to the parade,” reports Gazeta.ru correspondent Valery Volkov, who is heading to Red Square. “Children and adults in caps, sellers of red carnations in the metro, who were not chased by policemen and who formed a line of people who wanted to buy flowers. Crowds of people of different generations and nationalities on Pushkinskaya Square and Tverskaya Street, sellers of flags with the Russian tricolor and young people with red flags in their hands, on which "Victory Day" is written. This morning for the capital began unusually early.”

Good morning dear readers. We congratulate you on the Victory Day.

Time moves inexorably forward, leaving behind great events in the life of peoples. Involuntarily, the words from the song come to mind: “And the years are flying, our years are flying, and we have no time to look back.” But there are events that you always remember, you constantly return to them in order to worthily mark them. One of such great events is the Victory Day in the Great Patriotic War, which turns 70 in May 2015. This is an event of world-historical significance. And no matter how many centuries, millennia pass, this event will remain forever in the memory of peoples. The greatness of the victory in the war of 1941-1945 is recognized by many peoples of the world, since this is the day of the liberation of peoples from enslavement and destruction. Ukrainian nationalists call the Great Patriotic War the Second World War. These are two different concepts, although the Great Patriotic War is included in the concept of the Second World War, being its most important and decisive component.

The Second World War is an imperialist war, it was engendered by the capitalist economic system. It arose in the conditions of the general crisis of capitalism. This is the struggle of the capitalist monopolies for the redistribution of the world, for sources of raw materials, markets for products and spheres for the investment of capital. The Great Patriotic War is the war of the Soviet people against the Nazi invaders, for the liberation of enslaved peoples. This is a great war in terms of its scale, in terms of the number of military units, military equipment, and the use of material resources. The front line zigzag was 6 thousand kilometers, from the White to the Black Seas. Didn't know this yet. More than 10 million soldiers and officers from one side and the other took part in the battles. The Great Patriotic War is great in its goals and objectives. The main goal is not only the complete expulsion of the invaders from the socialist Motherland, but also the liberation of the enslaved peoples of Europe. This is the international duty of the Soviet people. The Soviet people and their armed forces in this fierce struggle against the Nazi invaders demonstrated humanism and humanity towards the liberated peoples of Europe, deep respect for them, careful attitude to their material and cultural values.

Soviet troops liberated 11 European states from German occupation, including Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Hungary, Bulgaria, Yugoslavia, and Austria.

The entire socialist Fatherland, all the peoples of the Union republics, all the youth took part in this cruel bloody war. That is why this war is called the Patriotic War.

The unparalleled battle of the Soviet people and its armed forces with fascist Germany lasted 1418 days and nights.

Not only fascist Germany fought against the Soviet Union, but almost all the countries of Europe enslaved by Germany, their economic and military resources were used. Armaments of 180 divisions, including 4,930 tanks and armored personnel carriers, 2,000 aircraft, were taken out from 6 occupied European countries alone, huge stocks of metal, strategic raw materials, metallurgical and military plants were seized. Romanian, Hungarian, Spanish, Dutch, Italian, Czechoslovak, Finnish, Norwegian and other European countries fought together with the German troops against the Soviet soldiers. Hitler called the participation of European countries in the war against the USSR a real European crusade.

The first two years of the war were unfavorable for the Soviet troops: defensive operations were mainly carried out, there were failures in battles, losses of military units, and retreated with battles.

These failures and losses of the Soviet troops are explained by the following factors. Firstly, by the time of the attack on the Soviet Union, German troops had three years of war experience and mobilized armed forces. Secondly, by the beginning of the war, Germany had an advantage in the technical equipment of the troops with new weapons (tanks, aircraft, artillery, rifle). The Soviet Union has just begun to produce new types of weapons. New models of tanks, aircraft, artillery and small arms were developed and put into production. Thirdly, the absence of a second front in Europe allowed the German command to concentrate the main military forces against the Soviet Union. Fourth, there were miscalculations in estimating the possible time for an attack by Nazi Germany on the USSR and related omissions in preparations for repelling German troops in the first days of the war. All these shortcomings in the first years of the war led to the fact that the Soviet troops, finding themselves in unequal conditions, heroically fighting a strong enemy, retreated. Victories in the main battles near Moscow and Stalingrad are major defeats for Nazi Germany. As a result, first a radical turn was achieved in the course of the war, and then, after the historic victory at Kursk, a radical turning point. The victory near Kursk demonstrated the increased power of the Soviet country and its armed forces.

The victory over fascist Germany and its allies was won by the joint efforts of the states of the anti-Hitler coalition. But the Soviet Union played a decisive role in the defeat of Nazi Germany. British Prime Minister W. Churchill noted that "it was the Red Army that let the guts out of the German military machine." And the American General D. Marshall wrote: "Without the successful actions of the Red Army, the American troops would not have been able to resist the aggressor, and the war would have been transferred to the American continent."

The victory of the Soviet people and its armed forces over Nazi Germany came at a high price - 27 million Soviet people gave their lives for the freedom and independence of their homeland, including almost 10 million on the war fronts. The victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War is quite natural. It convincingly showed the great advantages of the socialist system, state ownership of the means of production over capitalism, the capitalist economic system based on private property and a market economy. Thanks to the social state system, it became possible to attract labor and material resources to fight the German invaders. But the main factor of victory during the war years is the enormous spiritual power of the Soviet people, based on the socialist system of education, on the created socialist conditions of life. Starting from kindergarten, children were brought up in the spirit of friendship, love, mutual assistance to each other, respect for older comrades, love for the Motherland. First an Octobrist, a pioneer, then a Komsomol member, a communist. This is an ideological system for educating young people. She instilled in the youth the ideological, moral spirit of devotion to the Soviet Motherland, friendship, mutual assistance, internationalism, and high morality.

Therefore, it is no coincidence that many glorious heroic deeds during the war years were performed by pioneers, Komsomol members and communists, which is a vivid example of Soviet patriotism, selfless loyalty of young people to the socialist Motherland. By the end of the war, every fourth soldier was a communist. The Communists themselves accomplished feats and led their comrades to heroic deeds. During the Great Patriotic War, the mass heroism of youth at the front was a constant event. Thousands of glorious Soviet soldiers accomplished remarkable feats in the name of the Motherland, in the name of victory over the enemy. More than 300 times during the war years, the immortal feat of infantrymen A.K. Pankratov, V.V. Vasilkovsky, A.M. Matrosov was repeated, who covered the scribbling machine guns of the enemy with their chests. Following the example of Captain Gastello, the pilots repeated the fire ground ram more than 500 times. More than 600 aerial rams and many other nameless heroic deeds were made.

German Field Marshal Ewald von Kleist praised the Red Army: “These people were first-class fighters from the very beginning ... Having gained experience, they became first-class soldiers. They fought fiercely, had amazing stamina and could do without a lot of things that soldiers of other armies would consider vital. The military victory of the Soviet Union was achieved by the valiant armed forces of their high organization and military art.

Marshal of the Soviet Union A. M. Vasilevsky noted: "The victory over the Nazi army marked the superiority of Soviet science, military art over bourgeois military science and military art."

The Red Army, being the army of a socialist state, is bound by strong ties with its people and relied on an advanced socialist economy. The Red Army consisted of the sons of the working people. She defended the freedom and independence of her Fatherland, fought for the liberation of the territories occupied by the German invaders.

In the Great Patriotic War, the Soviet military art won, which was possessed by military personnel, in the galaxy of which there were wonderful commanders and prominent military leaders: G.K. Zhukov, A.M. Vasilevsky, K.K. Rokossovsky, I.S. Konev, R.Ya. Malinovsky, F.I. Tolbukhin, K.A. Meretskov, L.A. Govorov, N.F. Vatutin, S.K. Timoshenko, I.D. Chernyakhovsky, I.Kh. Bagramyan, N.G. Kuznetsov, B.M. Shaposhnikov, A.I. Antonov, A.I. Eremenko, I.E. Petrov, A.G. Kravchenko and many others. Throughout the war, the Soviet fronts were firmly and skillfully led by the Supreme Commander of the Armed Forces of the USSR I.V. Stalin.

Of great importance in achieving victory over the Nazi invaders was the movement of partisans and underground workers in the occupied territory. In terms of its scale, political and military results, the partisan and underground struggle, as well as the mass resistance of the population to all the measures of the German invaders in their rear, acquired strategic importance and turned into one of the most important factors in defeating the enemy invasion. During the war, Soviet partisans and underground fighters inflicted huge losses on the fascist army in manpower. They destroyed, wounded and captured over 1.6 million soldiers and officers of the Wehrmacht, military construction organizations, German officials of the occupation administration, and military railway workers. For valor and courage in the fight against the fascist invaders, 234 partisans and underground workers were awarded the high title of Hero of the Soviet Union.

Home front workers made a great contribution to the great victory over the enemy. In the face of mortal danger, socialist society rallied together, there were no internal dividing boundaries in it - political, social, national, religious. In the rear there was a tense and selfless struggle for metal, military equipment, for bread. "Everything for the front, everything for victory!" - that was the motto of the home front workers.

Through the efforts of the Soviet people, the eastern regions of the country were turned into the main military and economic base of the country, where already in July 1942 76% of all military products were produced. Behind the machines were not only regular workers, but also boys and girls, yesterday's housewives - each made a feasible contribution to the cause of victory. The fiery Soviet patriotism and heroism of the home front workers gave rise to such powerful stimuli as socialist emulation.

It was a means of developing social activity and consciousness, self-activity and creativity of the working people. It contributed to the education of high moral qualities - initiative, adherence to principles, courage, exactingness, diligence, thrift. The competition created patriotic movements of front-line Komsomol youth brigades, which increased labor productivity and overfulfilled plans with a smaller number of workers. Scientists and designers made a great contribution to the victory. They improved and modernized aircraft, aircraft engines, tanks, artillery and small arms, ammunition, created new military equipment and weapons, participated in the development and implementation of new methods of military production technology.

Under the conditions of maximum exertion of forces, a proper system of organization, management and ideological support was required. The core of this system was the Communist Party, which, according to its convictions, considered it a matter of duty and honor to be at the forefront in solving the problems of collectives and the country as a whole. This was the most important guarantee of victory in the Great Patriotic War. If it were not for the victory of the Soviet people and their armed forces in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945, then there would not have been not only Ukraine as a conciliar independent state, but also the Ukrainian nation as an ethnohistorical community. Thanks to the great victory, it became possible to liberate the Western Ukrainian lands from Polish, Austro-Hungarian and other enslavers and unite into a single conciliar state of Ukraine.

Therefore, when today nationalists of various stripes make statements not about the liberation of Ukraine from German enslavement, but about Soviet occupation, this is blasphemy, cynicism, nationalist nonsense. And the ardent defender of Bandera, ex-president V. Yushchenko, went even further - he organized a museum of the "Soviet occupation". It should be recalled that during the liberation of Ukraine from the Nazi invaders, 70% of Ukrainians were in the Soviet troops along with other nationalities. During the liberation of Ukraine, armies, divisions, regiments were led by such prominent Ukrainian military commanders as I. Chernyakhovsky, M. Kirponos, S. Rybalko, A. Kravchenko, K. Moskalenko, I. Kozhedub, G. Beregovoy, P. Pokryshkin, P. Zhmachenko, A. Fedorov, S. Kovpak, V. Petrov and many others. How can you talk about some kind of Soviet occupation of Ukraine? The distortion of historical truth, the blackening of the Soviet past, the fascistization of Ukraine is in full swing - the actions of the Communist Party are prohibited, Victory Day is declared not as a holiday of the victorious people, but as a day of sorrow, monuments to V.I. Lenin, the soldiers-liberators, are used provocations, blackmail, information blockade, seizures and destruction of the premises of the Communist Party, pogroms are carried out protesting against the actions of accomplices of fascism, Bandera and Shukhevych are glorified, who faithfully served Nazi Germany.

Nationalism is intolerance, hatred and physical violence towards other nations. Some “doctors of historical sciences” are also following this path, who distort the truth of history, cover the Soviet past in black colors, and vulgarize the commanders of the Soviet Army. Among these "historians" S. Kulchitsky and Yu. Shapoval take an active part. The latter, in his article in the Zerkalo Nedeli newspaper, more than doubled the losses of Nazi Germany in the war and significantly increased the losses of the Soviet Union ... In reality, the Soviet Union suffered heavy losses - 27 million people, Germany in absolute numbers less - 13.6 million people, but in relative terms, these losses are respectively 14% and 20%, i.e., Germany relatively suffered significantly greater losses than the USSR. In addition, Germany was completely destroyed by bomber aircraft. Based on the absolute losses of the Soviet Union, ardent nationalists and some "figures" conclude that there was no victory - many people died. But the defense of the Fatherland is the sacred duty of a Soviet citizen, and no losses in people can overshadow the victory gained as a result of the struggle for the freedom and independence of the Fatherland. But in the name of what did fascist Germany suffer heavy losses in people? Doctors of historical sciences do not talk about this. And it should. Fascist Germany waged an aggressive, enslaving war.

Therefore, its main leaders, according to the international Nuremberg court, were executed. The universally recognized methodological requirement for historical science is its truthfulness and objectivity, and not subordination to the subjective interests of a particular policy and ideology.

Journalist S. Lozunko rightly called these "doctors of historical sciences" "hackers from history." They are trying to recode the consciousness of peoples through the introduction of "historical viruses" - distortion of facts, false theories, far-fetched interpretations. Falsifiers of all stripes are trying to "rethink", discount and render meaningless the great victory of 1945. A. Pushkin wrote that “respect for the past is the feature that distinguishes education from savagery. It is not only possible, but necessary, to be proud of the glory of your ancestors. The interests of caring for the great victory, for the memory of those who gave their lives in the name of deliverance from fascism, are incompatible with the facts of falsifying the history of the war, with the facts of desecration of the monuments to the soldiers-liberators, the facts when discord is artificially planted among the peoples who fought together against Hitlerism .

Monuments to the soldiers-liberators were erected not only on the territory of the Soviet Union, but also in countries liberated by the Soviet Army from German fascism (Austria, Bulgaria, Hungary, Norway, Romania, Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia). In Berlin, on May 8, 1949, in commemoration of the heroic deed of the Soviet soldiers-liberators, a memorial hall is located on the top of an artificial hill, above which rises a 13-meter bronze figure of a liberator soldier: a Soviet soldier presses a saved child to himself with his left hand, and holds a sword in his right, with a point resting against a chopped fascist swastika. This monument sacredly honors and protects the German people, liberated from fascism. In Germany, fascism as a political movement and ideology is banned at the state level.

The most important result of the Great Patriotic War as the main component of the Second World War is the defeat of fascist Germany and militaristic Japan and the liberation of the peoples of the Soviet Union, Europe and Asia from the enslavement of these aggressive countries. The defeat of the fascist coalition raised the national liberation struggle of the enslaved peoples (in India, Burma, Ceylon, the Philippines, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam and other countries) to a new level. The collapse of the colonial system began. Opportunities for achieving independence opened up before the oppressed peoples. The consequences of the great victory in the war of 1941-1945 are grandiose in their scale and historical significance, they accelerated the course of social development, introduced significant changes in the world system of social relations.

May 9 is the day of the great victory of the Soviet people over fascism. This is a great holiday that the peoples of Russia, Belarus and Ukraine celebrated and today celebrate the greatness and pride of this victory, which gave the peoples peace and the opportunity to work quietly for the good of their Fatherland. And no matter how much time passes, these peoples will always celebrate this day of the great victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 as a historical memory, as the dignity of the peoples.

The war with the Nazis was terrible. How many lives she has interrupted! How many fates crippled! How many cities and towns destroyed to the ground! Thanks to the valiant and fearless Soviet army, it was possible to expel this evil not only from our lands, but also to help free the occupied countries of Europe from the horrors of fascism. Paying tribute to the unparalleled dedication of the Soviet people who fought on all fronts of the Second World War, Russian President Putin issued a Decree "On the jubilee medal" 70 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War ". This Decree has a special provision and instructions for its delivery. 70 years is a very long time. Now those who in 1945 were beardless youths are already very old. Every year there are fewer of them, WWII veterans. The medal "70 Years of Victory" is a great opportunity for all of us to express our recognition to these people and say "many thanks" to them.

Anniversary Awards

After the completion of any great and significant event, years inevitably pass. They discolor bright memories, dull sensations, make a lot to reconsider and rethink. In order not to erase the memory of the past, it is customary to issue commemorative signs and awards for each anniversary, which are awarded to people who took part in the event. Such are the commemorative medals dedicated to the victory over the Nazis. The first of them was released in 1965, when the 20th anniversary of the great Victory was celebrated. Further, such medals began to be issued every 10 years. That is, there are awards and distinctions for the 30th anniversary of this great event, for the 40th anniversary, of course, for the 50th anniversary. They prepared especially carefully for this anniversary, since 50 years is a round date. Significant was the award to veterans, presented in 1995. In 2000, which in itself was a jubilee year, a medal was issued for the 55th anniversary of the Victory. We can say that it has become a tradition to hold awards not after 10, but after 5 years. Since in 2005 veterans were awarded medals for the 60th anniversary, and in 2010 - for the 65th anniversary of this glorious event. The turn of 2015 has come. On its eve, a medal was approved and issued for a significant date - the 70th anniversary of our great Victory. About 3 million war veterans living in Russia, including Crimea, were presented for the award.

Description of the medals awarded to veterans in 1965-1985

Receiving awards is always an honor and a pleasure. They give people who survived the terrible years of the war the confidence that their feat is not forgotten by the modern generation. awarded since 1965, have different designs on both obverse and reverse. The only thing they have in common is that each has an “ear”. It connects to the ring. With its help, the award is attached to the block, on which there is a pin on the reverse side. On the front side of the block covered with moire tape. The reverse of the medals is also almost identical. On each there is an inscription in large raised letters, indicating how many years have passed since the Victory Day, desired by all people. On the reverse side of some anniversary awards there are also additional signs. Let's make a brief description of what the medals for the anniversary of Victory Day looked like in different years:

1965 (20th anniversary of our Great Victory). The metal from which the award is made is brass. The diameter is 32 mm. Obverse: depicts a monument erected in Treptow Park. It is a sculpture of a Soviet liberator soldier with a rescued girl in his arms. Under the feet of a Soviet soldier there are two branches of laurel. In the center of the medal are the numbers "1945-1965". Reverse: an inscription in large letters around the circle, saying that 20 years have passed since the Great Victory. In the center is a star with diverging rays. Against its background are the Roman numerals "XX". Ribbon: green and black stripes on a red background.

1975 (30th anniversary of our Great Victory). Metal - brass. The diameter is 36 mm. Obverse: against the background of festive fireworks, a convex image of the well-known sculpture by Vuchetich and Nikitin "Motherland". On the left side there is a star, two branches of laurel and the numbers "1954-1975". Reverse: the inscription "TO THE PARTICIPANT OF THE WAR" at the top. Center: "XXX VICTORIES IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945". In the lower part, against the background of the ribbon, there is a sickle and a hammer. Ribbon: orange, black and greenish stripes on a red background.

1985 (40th anniversary of the Victory). Metal - brass. The diameter is 32 mm. Obverse: images of a soldier, a worker and a peasant against the background of a large star without rays, the Kremlin tower, two laurel branches and the inscription "1945-1985". Reverse: the inscription "TO THE PARTICIPANT OF THE WAR" at the top. In the center, in raised letters, there is an inscription that 40 years have passed since the day of our Victory in the Second World War. Below this inscription is an image of a ribbon, and above it is a small sign of a hammer and sickle. Moire ribbon: on a red background, green, orange and black stripes.

Description of the 1995 award

There was a time when we were all citizens of one country, in which there was no division along national lines. Therefore, all veterans of the war, regardless of their place of residence, were awarded uniform awards. Even in 1095, when the country began to be torn apart for the sake of political and personal ambitions, the medal for the 50th anniversary of the glorious Victory over the Nazis was the same for all veterans. It became the last award that all participants in the war received, regardless of which corner of the Soviet Union they lived in.

Description of the medal issued for the 50th anniversary of our great Victory:

Metal - tompak (brass with impurities of copper and zinc). Diameter standard - 32 mm. Obverse: the Spasskaya Tower, the world-famous Cathedral of the Intercession on the Moat, part of the Kremlin wall, fireworks are depicted. Below is a convex image (one-color) of the Order of the Patriotic War, two branches of laurel, the inscription "1945-1995". Reverse: Laurel branches below. Above them is an inscription in large print that 50 years have passed since the long-awaited Victory over the Nazis. Ribbon: red wide stripe, narrow black (3 pcs.) and orange (4 pcs.) stripes.

The Soviet Union collapsed. The Baltic republics left it, becoming independent countries. They began to consider the victory in the Second World War from a different perspective. All awards to its participants were cancelled.

XXI Century

In the new century and millennium, some countries that emerged from the republics of the USSR continued the glorious tradition of rewarding their veterans of the Second World War. Commemorative medals dedicated to the 55th, 60th and 65th anniversary of the Greatest Victory were issued and awarded. All of them have the same diameter, equal to 32 mm. They looked like this over the years:

2000 (55th anniversary of the Victory). Metal - tampak. Obverse: image of the climax in the Victory Parade, held on Red Square in 1945, the mausoleum, the Kremlin wall, the famous Spasskaya Tower, the inscription in three-dimensional letters "55 years". Reverse: in the center the inscription "VICTORY OF THE SOVIET PEOPLE IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945". In the lower part there are laurel branches, at the intersection of which there is a sickle and a hammer. Ribbon: Combination of red, white, blue, black and yellow stripes.

2005 (60th anniversary of our Great Victory). Metal - tampak. Obverse: The Order of Victory is depicted in the center. At the bottom are the numbers "1045-2005". Reverse: laurel branches in a circle. In the center there is a convex inscription stating that 60 years have passed since the Victory Day. Ribbon: Red stripe in the center, bordered with orange and black stripes.

2010 (65th anniversary of our Great Victory). Metal - tampak. Obverse: Order of Glory, 1st class, depicted in the center. In the lower part (under the order) are the numbers "1945-2010". Reverse: there is only an inscription that 65 years have passed since the day of our Victory in the war against the Nazis. Ribbon: black and orange stripes in the center, red stripes along the edges.

Analogues of this medal were issued in Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan.

70 years of the significant Victory over the Nazis

In 2015, all civilized people of the world celebrated the 70th anniversary of the greatest and long-awaited Victory over the Nazis. By this date, several commemorative awards were issued at once, including the medal "70 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." A Decree was issued on the establishment of this award, signed by Putin. This document is registered under No. 931. It came into effect on December 23, 2013. The Regulations on this medal were also signed, which indicated the categories of people worthy of the award, determined the manufacturing enterprises and persons responsible for the implementation of the Decree.

In 2014, on June 4, a Presidential Decree was issued, which approved the instructions for presenting the award. The lists of those awarded were to be drawn up by the heads of local municipalities (in settlements where veterans live), and in foreign countries - by the ambassadors of the Russian Federation. They were instructed to send lists to the Russian Foreign Ministry. The award and the certificate attached to it should have been presented only in a solemn atmosphere. Those awarded with the medal "70 Years of Victory" are not provided with any additional benefits.

Reason for the award

The job of making lists is not as easy as it might seem. Responsible persons are required to review a lot of information, check hundreds of documents.

The basis for inclusion in the list of awardees are:

• Military ID.
• WWII Disabled Certificate.
• Employment history.
• Certificate of being in military service or work during the Second World War, issued in a military unit or in the archive.
• Red Army book.
• Certificate of injury or other serious injury during the Second World War or the war with Japan.
• Veteran's or WWII veteran's certificate.
• Certificates of awarding commemorative medals in honor of previous anniversaries of the Victory over the Nazis, and / or Germany.
• Documents evidencing the award and valiant work shown during the years of war hard times, for the defense of Moscow, Leningrad, Sevastopol, Odessa, Stalingrad, the Caucasus, Kyiv, the Soviet Arctic.
• Badge "Inhabitant of besieged Leningrad".
• Documents confirming the stay in concentration camps and ghettos.
• Certificate of rehabilitation confirming that citizens were in exile, in prison, in NKVD colonies for at least six months during the Second World War.

Categories of awardees who took part in the battles

According to the Decree of the President, the award should be presented to:

• Soldiers and civilians who participated in combat operations during the Second World War.
• To the partisans.
• Underground members whose groups operated in the occupied lands.
• Persons who have commemorative awards in honor of the Victory over Germany and / or Japan.

Categories of persons who did not take part in the battles

According to the Decree signed by President Putin, the medal "70 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945." Citizens who did not take part in the battles were awarded. Their categories are as follows:

• Prisoners of concentration camps and ghettos.
• People who "forged" the victory in the rear and were awarded medals for their selfless work.
• People who worked during the war and received an award for labor distinction.
• Having an award for labor prowess during the war years.
• Residents of besieged Leningrad.
• Persons who were awarded medals for the defense of certain cities (Moscow, Sevastopol, Kyiv, Leningrad, Stalingrad, Odessa, the Caucasus, the Northern Arctic.
• Foreign citizens who fought in the ranks of the Soviet army, partisan detachments, underground organizations (we are not talking about residents of the CIS).

Description

Circulation of medals "70 years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945" amounted to over 3 million, according to the 2015 census.

This award looks like this: it is made of a silver-colored alloy. The diameter is standard for awards of this type and is 32 mm. Obverse: there is an image (multicolor) of the Order of the Patriotic War, I degree. Below (under the order) are the numbers "1945-2015". Reverse: laurel branches around the circumference, entwined with a ribbon. In the center of the circle are the words "70 YEARS OF VICTORY IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945". All images are embossed. There is a border along the edge of the medal. Ribbon: includes a red stripe down the center. It is bordered on both sides by brown stripes and alternating orange and black stripes.

Not all states accepted this appearance of the medal. So, in Moldova, there will be no hammer and sickle on the front side of the award. In Ukraine, they approved their medal, adding national attributes to its design.

The award should be worn on the chest on the left side, after the medal awarded on the occasion of the 65th anniversary of the significant Victory.

Medal "70 Years of Victory over Germany"

It was also released for the anniversary. It was approved by the Decision of the Commission on Commemorative Signs and Public Awards. The document was adopted in 2015 on February 4. M. M. Moiseev was the chairman of the commission. In the Regulations on this award and on the medal "70 Years of Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945" much in common. The list of categories of people to whom it was handed is almost identical. The difference is that this award was additionally presented to:

• Persons who make a great contribution to the activities of the veterans' movement.
• Participants in search activities.
• People who popularize military history.
• Members of military historical societies and clubs who take an active position in their work.

Description:

Metal - light bronze. The diameter is 32 mm. Obverse: in the center is an image of Stalin in profile, his face is turned to the left. Dressed in the uniform of the Marshal of the USSR. At the top, raised letters: "OUR CAUSE IS RIGHT", and at the bottom: "WE WILL WIN". Reverse: inscription "FOR THE VICTORY OVER GERMANY" around the circle, in smaller letters in the center there are distinct letters: "IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR 1941-1945", at the very bottom there is an asterisk. The ribbon is represented by alternating black and orange stripes.

Order badge

Veterans are awarded not only commemorative medals. "70 Years of the Great Victory" is an order badge, also issued for the significant anniversary. It looks almost identical to the Order of the Patriotic War. Its obverse is as follows: a five-pointed red star against the background of diverging golden rays and crossed sabers with a rifle. In the center of the star is the sign of the hammer and sickle, framed in a white circle. On it is the inscription "Patriotic War", at the bottom there is a small yellow star. The difference between the awards is that the order is screwed into clothing, and the commemorative badge has an eyelet, like on medals. With its help, the award is attached to a block covered with tape, on the reverse side of which there is a pin.

Many doubt the authenticity of this sign, because there is no information about it in state registers of awards.

In conclusion, I would like to say that commemorative medals for the Victory Day over the Nazis are important not only for veterans. We also need these awards as a reminder of the cost of this victory, so that we never allow the revival of fascism again.

The project of the Department of Education of the city of Moscow, dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the Victory - the video book "Sasha" based on the story of the same name by Vyacheslav Kondratyev - will allow you to remember the history of the great war. Pupils, teachers, veterans took part in the recording of the video book.

Information resource “I carried out the lines smelling of gunpowder from the shelling on my hands ...”

The City Methodological Center of the Department of Education of the City of Moscow presents a new educational information resource for students and teachers “I carried the lines smelling of gunpowder from the shelling in my arms ...”. The creation of the resource is dedicated to the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War.
The resource is a collection of stylized archival cards containing brief biographical information about writers and poets-front-line soldiers. The information refers only to the pages of the military past, talks about military awards, and also contains links to works of art dedicated to the Great Patriotic War. Following the interactive links, you can familiarize yourself with the texts of the works.
At school, only a small list of works about the war is studied, and only selected names of poets and writers are heard in the lessons. The resource “I carried out the lines smelling of gunpowder from the shelling on my hands ...” is intended to offer an extended list of names, to show modern schoolchildren “lieutenant prose” and front-line poetry as a unique phenomenon in Russian culture, which laid the foundation for a special literary tradition - in artistic rethinking to expound “trench truth." The electronic format, simplicity and ease of use of the resource make it accessible to a wide audience.

70 years of the Great Victory... in the name of life on Earth

May 9, 2015 marks the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945. This date is one of the most significant in the history of our country: it put an end to the difficult period of military hard times, which claimed the lives of millions of people and crippled the fate of several generations ... The contribution of Soviet citizens to the victory of the Great Victory was truly decisive and invaluable!

Methodists of the City Methodological Center have prepared a jubilee lesson dedicated to this significant date. It is a meaningful educational and information resource, which reveals the famous pages of the history of the Great Patriotic War.

Moscow in the fiery years

The battle for Moscow is one of the largest in World War II. The whole country came to the defense of the capital: the troops of the Red Army, detachments of the people's militia, partisans and local residents. Those who did not directly take part in the battles worked selflessly in factories and factories.

On the fields of the Moscow region, the German army suffered the first major defeat in World War II, dispelling the myth of its invincibility. Decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR of May 8, 1965: “For outstanding services to the Motherland, mass heroism, courage and stamina shown by the workers of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics of the city of Moscow in the fight against the Nazi invaders and in commemoration of the 20th anniversary of the victory in the Great Patriotic War war 1941–1945 to award the city of Moscow with the honorary title of "Hero City" with the award of the Order of Lenin and the medal "Gold Star".

70 years since the feat of D.M. Karbysheva

Dmitry Mikhailovich Karbyshev was born on October 26, 1880 in Omsk, in the family of a hereditary military man, and his career was a foregone conclusion. He graduated from the cadet corps, a military engineering school and, with the rank of second lieutenant, went to the eastern borders, to Manchuria, where he found him in the Russo-Japanese war, for participation in which he was awarded five military orders and three medals, which is a confirmation of personal courage.

On August 8, 1941, Lieutenant General Karbyshev was seriously shell-shocked in a battle near the Dnieper River and was taken prisoner in an unconscious state. From that moment until 1945, a short phrase would appear in his personal file: "Missing." On February 18, General Karbyshev died tragically, and his last words were addressed to those who shared the terrible fate with him: “Cheer up, comrades! Think of the Motherland, and courage will not leave you!

The contribution of athletes to the Victory

During the tragic events of the Great Patriotic War, sports traditions in the Soviet Union did not fade away. During the war years, sports events and competitions continued to be held not only in Moscow and Leningrad, but also in other cities of the USSR. During the war period, 180 all-Union records were set. It was very important for people, because sports victories raised the spirit of the people, strengthened people's faith in victory over fascism. Our athletes took part in international competitions, winning such important and significant victories. Volunteer athletes formed a separate motorized rifle brigade for special purposes - OMSBON. Well-trained and physically fit athletes became members of reconnaissance detachments and joined the ranks of the Red Army and Navy. And the most famous masters of sports - Dynamo - became the initiators of the patriotic movement "thousanders", pledging to train a thousand fighters each. You can learn all the details about the history of sports and the athletes-heroes of a difficult wartime by reading our new anniversary lesson.

• Collection and primary processing of materials for the video project "70 years of the Great Victory"
• Features of the economic development of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War
• File and Windows file system. Technique of the Great Patriotic War

510 schoolchildren from 136 educational organizations took part in the City competition of research multimedia projects “The History of My Family in the History of Russia”, which was held for the sixth time in 2015. The students presented many interesting projects that received diplomas of prize-winners and winners.
Another event, the City Competition of Youth Projects on Arts and Crafts and Technical Creativity "Salute of Victory", also attracted a lot of attention. "Salute of Victory" is dedicated to the celebration of the 70th anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War. The competition is aimed at the formation of an active civic-patriotic position of young people, the development of constructive thinking skills, the study and implementation of new educational technologies; study of the history and reconstruction of military operations on the battlefields of the Great Patriotic War. About 90 models made up a diorama of the military operations of the Second World War against the fascist invaders. 216 schoolchildren took part in the competition, 157 of which received diplomas of winners, the rest of the participants became prize-winners of the Competition.