Test “Organic substances. Biology test on the topic "organic substances" Biology test organic substances of the cell
TESTS ON THE TOPIC "ORGANIC SUBSTANCES OF THE CELL"
Option 1.
Choose one answer:
How many amino acids make up the whole variety of proteins?
A) 26 b) 20 c) 40 d) 420
Which functional group of amino acids makes it acidic, and which - alkaline?
A) acidic - carboxyl, alkaline - radical
B) acidic - radical, alkaline - amino groups.
C) acidic - carboxyl group, alkaline - amino group.
D) acidic - amino group, alkaline - radical.
3. What is the structure of a hemoglobin molecule?
A) primary b) secondary c) tertiary d) quaternary
4. What bonds stabilize the primary structure?
A) erythrocytes b) lymphocytes c) phagocytes d) platelets.
10. If the DNA chain contains 28% of nucleotides A, then what should be the amount of G?
A) 28% b) 14% c) 22% d) 44%.
Pick a few answers:
11. Proteins in the cell perform the following functions:
A) structural b) protective c) transport d) spare e) storage and transmission
12. What elements are included in proteins?
A) oxygen b) magnesium c) iron d) carbon e) nitrogen f) sulfur
Tests on the topic "ORGANIC SUBSTANCES OF THE CELL"
OPTION 2.
Choose one correct answer:
How do essential amino acids enter animal cells?
a) are synthesized in the cells themselves b) come with food c) come with vitamins d) come in all of the above ways.
In the process of biochemical reactions, enzymes:
A) they speed up reactions and do not change themselves b) they speed up reactions and change themselves c) they slow down chemical reactions without changing d) they slow down reactions without changing themselves.
3. For the treatment of severe forms of diabetes mellitus, patients must enter:
A) hemoglobin b) insulin c) antibodies d) glycogen
4. Protein molecules differ from each other: a) the sequence of alternation of amino acids b) the number of amino acids c) the structure d) all answers are correct
5. Which of the compounds is not built from amino acids? A) hemoglobin b) glycogen
6. Changeable parts of amino acids are:
A) amino group and carboxyl group b) radical c) carboxyl group d) radical and carboxyl group.
7. RNA monomers are: a) nitrogenous bases b) ribose and deoxyribose c) nitrogenous bases and phosphate groups d) nucleotides
8. Reacts with amino acids: a) t-RNA b) i-RNA c)_r-RNA d) DNA
9. Building carbohydrate of plant cells? A) chitin b) starch c) cellulose d) glycogen e) milk sugar
10. What organic matter is more energy intensive? A) carbohydrates b) proteins c) fats
11. The model of the structure of the DNA molecule was proposed by:
A) Schleiden and Schwann b) Mendel and Morgan c) Watston and Crick d) Darwin and Wallace
12. What are the dimensions of DNA? A) width 20 microns, length up to 8 cm b) width 2 microns, length up to 8 cm c) width 20 nm, length up to 8 cm, d) width 2 nm, length up to 8 cm.
13. A DNA fragment contains 30,000 nucleotides A. If DNA replication occurs, how many A- and T-nucleotides will be required for this? A) A-60,000, T - 60,000.
B) A - 30,000, T - 30,000. c) A-15,000, T - 15,000 d) there is not enough data to answer.
14. Where is DNA found in eukaryotic cells?
A) in the nucleus b) in the ribosomes c) in the Golgi complex d) in the cytoplasm
Option 1.
1. Which of the following carbohydrates are classified as monosaccharides?
2. Which of the following carbohydrates are classified as polysaccharides?
A) starch b) glycogen c) glucose d) ribose e) maltose
E) lactose g) cellulose h) deoxyribose
3. Which of the following carbohydrates are classified as disaccharides?
A) starch b) glycogen c) glucose d) ribose e) maltose
E) lactose g) cellulose h) deoxyribose
7. What are the functions of lipids?
8. In what order will substances be broken down during prolonged starvation, for example, a bear sleeping in winter?
A) proteins b) fats c) carbohydrates
Testing on the topic “Carbohydrates. Lipids"
Option 2.
Choose a few correct answers:
1. What are the functions of lipids?
A) structural b) energy c) heat-insulating d) storage.
2. In what order will substances be broken down during prolonged starvation, for example, a bear sleeping in winter?
A) proteins b) fats c) carbohydrates
Which of the following carbohydrates are classified as monosaccharides?
A) starch b) glycogen c) glucose d) ribose e) maltose
E) lactose g) cellulose h) deoxyribose
4. What functions do carbohydrates perform?
A) structural b) energy c) catalytic d) storage
5. Complete combustion of 1 g of a substance released 38.9 kJ of energy. What substance burned? A) carbohydrates b) fats c) proteins d) not carbohydrates and not lipids.
6. What substances form the cell membrane?
A) carbohydrates b) fats c) waxes d) lipids.
7. Which of the following carbohydrates are classified as polysaccharides?
A) starch b) glycogen c) glucose d) ribose e) maltose
E) lactose g) cellulose h) deoxyribose
8. Which of the following carbohydrates are classified as disaccharides?
A) starch b) glycogen c) glucose d) ribose e) maltose
E) lactose g) cellulose h) deoxyribose
Balabanova Natalia LeontievnaEducational institution: Secondary school No. 35, the city of Kamensk-Uralsky, Sverdlovsk region.
Brief job description:
Publication date: 2016-12-06 Test on the topic "Organic substances of the cell" Balabanova Natalia Leontievna The test includes questions on the main organic substances - proteins, lipids, carbohydrates and nucleic acids. C1-24 task choice from 4 answers - one.
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Test on the topic "Organic substances of the cell"
1 .Among the listed functions, select the function that lipids do not perform.
a) transport; b) construction;
c) catalytic; d) the main energy reservoir of the cell.
2 . The ability of camels to tolerate thirst well is explained by the fact that:
a) fats retain water in the body;
b) fats release water during oxidation;
c) fats create a heat-insulating layer that reduces evaporation;
d) organisms have developed a habit of dehydration.
3 . In plant cells, the storage carbohydrate is:
a) glucose; b) starch c) cellulose; d) glycogen.
4 . The correct statement is:
a) all carbohydrates are soluble in water, and lipids are insoluble;
b) some carbohydrates are soluble in water, while lipids are insoluble;
c) all carbohydrates and lipids are non-polar compounds;
d) all carbohydrates are hydrophilic substances;
5 . Does not consist of amino acids:
a) hemoglobin; b) insulin; c) glycogen; d) albumin.
6
. The RNA molecule contains nitrogenous bases:
b) thymine, uracil, adenine, guanine d) adenine, uracil, thymine, cytosine.
7
.In the composition of RNA, the ratio of nucleotides is constant:
a) A+G/T+C b) A+G/U+C c) A+U/G+C d) A/G,U/C
8 . What percentage of nucleotides with cytosine does DNA contain if the proportion of its adenine nucleotides is 10% of the total?
a) 40% c) 80% b) 45% d) 90%
9 . Among the listed functions, select a function that proteins do not perform.
a) protective; c) construction;
b) catalytic; d) the main energy reservoir of the cell.
10 . For a tired marathon runner at a distance, to maintain strength, it is more expedient to give:
a) a piece of sugar c) a little butter;
b) a piece of meat; d) some mineral water.
11 . In animal cells, the storage carbohydrate is:
a) cellulose; b) starch; c) glucose; d) glycogen.
12 . The greatest amount of energy is released during the splitting of one gram:
a) fat; b) glucose; c) protein; d) cellulose.
13
.DNA molecule contains nitrogenous bases:
a) adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine c) cytosine, guanine, adenine, thymine
b) thymine, uracil, thymine, cytosine d) adenine, uracil, thymine, cytosine
14
.In the composition of DNA, the ratio of nucleotides is constant
a) A+G/T+C b) A+T/G+C c) A+C/T+G d) A/G, T/C
15
.The cell contains DNA in:
a) nucleus c) nucleus and cytoplasm
b) nucleus, cytoplasm and mitochondria d) nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts
16 Choose the false statements.
a) cellulose forms the walls of plant cells;
b) ribose is part of nucleic acids;
c) the main function of proteins is the storage and transmission of hereditary information;
d) the buffer properties of cells depend on the amount of carbohydrate.
17. The main source of energy for newborn mammals is:
A) glucose; c) starch;
B) glycogen; d) lactose.
18. Which of the following compounds has a lipid nature?
a) hemoglobin; b) insulin; c) testosterone; d) penicillin.
19. In what case is the formula of a glucose molecule written in a proper way?
a) C5H12O5; b) C6H10O6; c) C6H12O6; d) C6H12O5.
20. Cells of which of these organisms are richest in carbohydrates?
A) human muscle cells; c) onion skin cells;
b) potato tuber cells; d) bear subcutaneous tissue.
21. Which of the following substances dissolve lipids?
A) ether b) alcohol; c) water; d) hydrochloric acid.
22. In the process of biochemical reactions, enzymes:
A) accelerate reactions and do not change themselves;
B) accelerate reactions and change as a result of the reaction;
C) slow down chemical reactions without changing;
Test on the topic: "Organic substances in the cell." General Biology Grade 9 Option 1. Choose one correct answer. 1. Carbon as an element is included in: a) proteins and carbohydrates c) carbohydrates and lipids b) carbohydrates and nucleic acids d) all organic compounds of the cell 2. The main feature of proteins, which ensures their various functions in the body, is: a) diversity forms: spiral, folded, spherical; b) proteins - high-molecular polymeric compounds; c) a huge amount of proteins in the body. 3. Of these chemical compounds, the following is not a biopolymer: a) protein; c) glucose; b) deoxyribonucleic acid; d) cellulose 4. Among the listed functions, select the function that lipids do not perform. a) transport; b) construction; c) catalytic; d) the main energy reservoir of the cell. 5. The ability of camels to tolerate thirst well is explained by the fact that: a) fats retain water in the body; b) fats release water during oxidation; c) fats create a heat-insulating layer that reduces evaporation; d) organisms have developed a habit of dehydration. 6. In plant cells, the storage carbohydrate is: a) glucose; b) starch c) cellulose; d) glycogen. 7. The statement is correct: a) all carbohydrates are soluble in water, and lipids are insoluble; b) some carbohydrates are soluble in water, while lipids are insoluble; c) all carbohydrates and lipids are non-polar compounds; d) all carbohydrates and lipids are polar compounds; 8. Does not consist of amino acids: a) hemoglobin; b) insulin; c) glycogen; 9. All proteins are similar: a) the sequence of amino acids b) the nature of chemical bonds in the molecule c) the choice of amino acids d) the molecular weight 10. The RNA molecule contains nitrogenous bases: a) adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine b) thymine, uracil, adenine, guanine d) albumin. c) cytosine, guanine, adenine, thymine d) adenine, uracil, thymine, cytosine. 11. In the composition of RNA, the ratio of nucleotides is constant: a) A + G / T + C b) A + G / U + C c) A + U / G + C d) A / G, U / C 12. What is the percentage nucleotides with cytosine contains DNA if the proportion of its adenine nucleotides is 10% of the total? a) 40% c) 80% b) 45% d) 90% 13. The main feature of carbohydrates, which ensures the performance of various functions in the body, is: a) a variety of shapes: spiral, folded, spherical; b) the excess of the number of water molecules in comparison with carbon; c) a huge variety of sizes. 14. Spiralization of a protein molecule by forming hydrogen bonds characterizes the protein structure: a) primary b) secondary c) tertiary d) quaternary 15. Among the listed functions, select a function that proteins do not perform. a) protective; c) construction; b) catalytic; d) the main energy reservoir of the cell. 16. Protein denaturation can be caused by: a) high temperature; c) irradiation; b) high pressure; d) all of the above factors. 17. It is more expedient to give a tired marathon runner at a distance to maintain strength: a) a piece of sugar; c) a little butter; b) a piece of meat; d) some mineral water. 18. In animal cells, the storage carbohydrate is: a) cellulose; b) starch; c) glucose; d) glycogen. 19. The greatest amount of energy is released during the splitting of one gram of: a) fat; b) glucose; c) protein; d) cellulose. 20. The DNA molecule contains nitrogenous bases: a) adenine, guanine, uracil, cytosine c) cytosine, guanine, adenine, thymine b) thymine, uracil, thymine, cytosine d) adenine, uracil, thymine, cytosine is the ratio of nucleotides a) A + G / T + C b) A + T / G + C c) A + C / T + G d) A / G, T / C 22. The cell contains DNA in: a) the nucleus b ) nucleus, cytoplasm and mitochondria c) nucleus and cytoplasm d) nucleus, mitochondria and chloroplasts 23. Choose the incorrect statements. a) cellulose forms the walls of plant cells; b) ribose is a part of nucleic acids; c) the main function of proteins is the storage and transmission of hereditary information; d) the buffer properties of cells depend on the amount of carbohydrate. 24. In a DNA molecule, the number of nucleotides with guanine is 10?% of the total. How many nucleotides with adenine are in this molecule? a) 10% c) 40% b) 20% d) 90%
| Option 1 1. What chemical compound is a DNA monomer? 1) glucose 2) amino acid 3) glycerin 4) nucleotide 2. What is the building function of carbohydrates? 1) are a reserve substance of cells 2) form the cell wall of a plant cell 3) able to dissolve in water 4) are organic monomers 3. What function do enzyme proteins perform in a cell? 1) construction 2) energy 3) motor 4) catalytic 5. What is the most important function of fats in the cell? 1) maintain the constancy of the internal environment 2) catalyze chemical processes 3) serve as a source of energy 4) highly soluble in water 6. What is the name of the chemical bond between monomers in a protein molecule? 1) peptide 3) hydrogen 4) covalent non-polar 7. Does not consist of amino acids: a) hemoglobin; b) insulin; c) glycogen; d) albumin. 8. The ability of camels to tolerate thirst well is explained by the fact that: 9. The greatest amount of energy is released when one gram is split: Option 2 1. What is the name of the chemical bond between monomers in a protein molecule? 1) peptide 3) hydrogen 4) covalent non-polar 2. What function do nucleic acids perform in a cell? 3. Which compound is a starch monomer: A) fatty acids B) amino acids B) glucose D) glycerin 4. Spiralization of a protein molecule by forming hydrogen bonds characterizes the protein structure: a) primary b) secondary c) tertiary d) quaternary 5 .. Among the listed functions, select the function that proteins do not perform. a) protective; c) construction; b) catalytic; d) the main energy reservoir of the cell. 6. It is more expedient to give a tired marathon runner at a distance to maintain strength: a) a piece of sugar c) a little butter; b) a piece of meat; d) some mineral water. 7. Does not consist of amino acids: a) hemoglobin; b) insulin; c) glycogen; d) albumin. 8. What is the function of lipids in the cell? 1) Catalyst chemical processes 2) energy source 3) transfer of gases and other substances 4) storage of hereditary information Option 3 1. What is the function of lipids in the cell? 1) chemical process catalyst 2) energy source 3) transfer of gases and other substances 4) storage of hereditary information 2. As a storage substance, glycogen actively accumulates in cells 1) potato tubers 2) tuberculosis bacteria 3) dog liver 4) elodea leaves 3. Which compounds are protein monomers: A) fatty acids B) amino acids B) glucose D) glycerin 4. What part of the amino acids distinguishes them from each other: A) a radical B) amino group B) carboxyl group D) peptide bond 5. What substance belongs to disaccharides: A) sucrose B) glucose C) starch D) glycogen 6. The ability of camels to tolerate thirst well is explained by the fact that: a) fats retain water in the body; b) fats release water during oxidation; c) fats create a heat-insulating layer that reduces evaporation; d) organisms have developed a habit of dehydration. 7. The greatest amount of energy is released when one gram is split: a) fat; b) glucose; c) protein; d) cellulose. 8. What is the function of nucleic acids in a cell? 1) are universal sources of energy for life 2) provide specific cellular immunity 3) participate in the construction of cell organelles 4) provide storage and transmission of hereditary information |
10. What substances are polysaccharides? Choose three correct answers and write down the numbers under which they are indicated. 1) glucose 2) starch 5) glycogen 6) fiber 11. Select the false statements. a) cellulose forms the walls of plant cells; b) ribose is a part of nucleic acids; c) the main function of proteins is the storage and transmission of hereditary information; d) the buffer properties of cells depend on the amount of carbohydrate.
10. Match the structures and proteins that make up them. 1) cartilage, tendons 2) feathers, nails, horns, hair, animal hooves 3) ligaments, lungs, walls of arteries 4) blood plasma a) elastin b) keratin c) fibrinogen d) collagen 11. Correlate carbohydrates and their functions: 3) protects plant cells a) glycogen b) chitin c) starch d) cellulose
10. Correlate carbohydrates and their functions: 1) reserve plant nutrient 2) reserve animal nutrient 3) protects plant cells 4) is part of the cell membrane of fungi a) glycogen b) chitin c) starch d) cellulose 11. Match the functions with examples of proteins: 1) growth hormone 2) interferon 3) hemoglobin 4) keratin a) protective b) transport c) regulatory d) structural |
BIOPOLYMERS
Everyone knows that proteins and nucleic acids perform the most important functions in living cells. These are high-molecular compounds - polymers, consisting of structural units - monomers. Protein monomers are amino acids, and nucleic acid monomers are nucleotides.
Organisms of plants and animals are distinguished by a wide variety of protein molecules. They perform a wide variety of functions.
in the body. Many proteins perform an enzymatic function. Other proteins are part of the cell membranes of hair, nails, and other formations. Such proteins are called structural. In addition, proteins can perform protective, signaling, energy and transport functions. In proteins, there are usually 20 amino acids, the sequence of connection of which determines the type of protein.
There are few variants of nucleic acids. These include DNA, ribosomal RNA, messenger RNA, and transfer RNA. DNA nucleotides, like the amino acids in proteins, line up
in different order. The structure and type of proteins synthesized in cells depend on this sequence. Messenger RNA removes information from DNA and is sent to the site of protein synthesis on ribosomes. Transfer RNA brings amino acids to the ribosomes.
Thus, the relationship between nucleic acids and proteins manifests itself in the fact that nucleic acids encode and transmit information to the site of protein synthesis and ensure the delivery of amino acids to ribosomes. However, while proteins have different properties and functions depending on their structure, nucleic acids have relatively constant functions.
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
Proteins and fats are high molecular weight organic compounds. A protein molecule is formed a large number amino acids, which include carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur atoms. Fats are made up of glycerol and fatty acids. They are insoluble in water, but highly soluble in organic solvents. Fats are made up of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Fats and fat-like substances are usually combined under the general name of lipids. Like carbohydrates, they serve as a source of energy.
The proteins of different cells are not the same, they are specific. However, they have a common property - to coagulate when heated or exposed to ultraviolet rays. Proteins are the main building material of any cell: they are part of cell membranes, cytoplasm, nucleus and organelles. Many proteins are enzymes. In animals, all types of movement are provided by contractile proteins. Proteins, fats and carbohydrates are involved in the protection of cells and contacts with the environment. Some proteins perform a transport function, attaching and transferring oxygen and carbon dioxide.
Fats, like proteins, perform a number of functions. They are part of cell membranes and thus perform a building function. Fats can accumulate in cells and serve as a reserve nutrient. Some fat-like substances are hormones, taking part in the regulation of the physiological functions of the body.
1) What molecules are fats made of?
2) What is the general property of protein molecules?
3) What is the similar function of proteins and fats in the text?
Option 1
1. From the named compounds, select the structural component of the protein:
a) nucleotide b) amino acid
c) glucose
2. Name protein catalysts:
a) hormones b) enzymes
c) antioxidants
3. What chemical bond participates in the formation of the primary structure of the protein?
7. Sucrose is:
a) monomer b) polysaccharide
c) disaccharide
8. Which substance is not a carbohydrate?
a) lactose b) cellulose
c) amylase
9. Cholesterol refers to:
a) to lipids b) to nucleotides
c) to carbohydrates
10. In plants, starch, and in animals:
a) chitin b) cellulose
c) glycogen
11. Establish a correspondence between the given substance and the functions performed by this substance in the cell.
Substances: Functions:
A) Proteins 1. Energy
B) Carbohydrates 2. Structural
C) Lipids 3. Supply of nutrients
4. Protective
5. catalytic
6. Transport
1. Among the organic components of the cell, carbohydrates are the most important.
2. The quaternary structure is not characteristic of all proteins.
3. Glucose is a monosaccharide.
4. Lipids are substances that are highly soluble in water.
Test "Organic substances of the cell" Grade 10
Option 2
1. How many amino acids make up the whole variety of proteins?
2. The monomer of proteins is:
a) nucleotide b) glucose
c) amino acid
3. Starch monomer is:
a) nucleotide b) glucose
c) glycerin
4. Proteins that regulate the speed and direction of chemical reactions in the cell:
c) enzymes
5. The sequence of monomers in a polymer is called:
a) primary structure b) secondary structure
c) tertiary structure
6. Proteins that do not contain non-protein parts:
a) hormones b) proteins
c) enzymes
7. Lactose is:
a) polymer b) monomer
c) milk sugar
8. Amino acids that are not synthesized in human cells are called:
a) irreplaceable b) irreplaceable
c) irreparable
9. What is cellulose called in Russian?
a) starch b) fiber
c) viscose
10. The tertiary structure has the configuration:
a) spirals b) folds
c) globules
11. Establish a correspondence between the substance and the class of carbohydrates:
Carbohydrate class: Substance:
A) monosaccharides 1. ribose
B) oligosaccharides 2. starch
C) polysaccharides 3. lactose
5. sucrose
6. cellulose
12. Choose the correct statements:
1. Proteins are high-molecular organic compounds.
2. The loss of a protein molecule by its natural structure is called renaturation.
3. The main function of carbohydrates is building.
4. Wax is an integral component of cell membranes.
