What hormone does Prednisolone contain? What does Prednisolone help from? Instructions for use. Conditions of dispensing from pharmacies

Injections Prednisolone is a drug that makes up a group of hormones, glucocorticosteroids. It can be used only after consultation with the attending physician, as injections have a large number of contraindications and side effects. Most often, they are prescribed in cases where the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is not permissible or has not shown the proper effectiveness.

Mechanism of action

Prednisolone is an injection solution that has powerful anti-inflammatory, anti-shock, analgesic and immunosuppressive effects. Once in the body, the drug forms a glucocorticoid receptor. It rapidly penetrates the cell nucleus, where it interacts with genes. Because of this, major changes occur in the production of proteins and RNA. Prednisolone is valued for its high anti-inflammatory effect, which is due to the following factors:

The active ingredients increase the production of lipocortin, which prevents the further production of phospholipase. Because of this, damaged tissue can no longer produce arachidonic acid. All this leads to the impossibility of the synthesis of prostaglandins.
The active substances interfere with the exchange of COX-2 genes, which also reduces the production of prostaglandins.
Prednisolone stops metabolic processes between molecules in blood vessels, so that neutrophils and monocytes do not penetrate into the inflammation focus.

Prednisolone is a drug that has powerful anti-inflammatory, analgesic and immunosuppressive effects.

Indications for use

Prednisolone is a powerful medicine that can only be used after consulting a doctor. Usually, experts prescribe it:

For postoperative, traumatic, toxic and burn shocks.
For acute and severe allergies.
With anaphylactic or blood transfusion shock.
For brain edema caused by radiation therapy, a head injury, or a tumor.
With severe bronchial asthma.
With serious lesions of the skin: psoriasis, dermatitis, bullous dermatitis, seborrhea, Stevens-Jones syndrome.
With allergic conjunctivitis.
In case of serious disorders and congenital anomalies of the adrenal glands.
With severe uveitis, optic neuritis.
With a hepatic coma.
With a thyrotoxic crisis.
With acute hepatitis.
For serious diseases of the blood and circulatory system.
With Leffler's syndrome, beryllium disease.
With multiple sclerosis.
With hypercalcemia caused by malignant neoplasms.
As a preventive measure for the rejection of a transplanted organ.
To reduce inflammation.
For the prevention of cicatricial narrowing.

Mode of application

Instructions for the use of Prednisolone injections states that it is permissible to use the medicine only after consulting a qualified doctor. This drug has a high effect on the body, therefore, due to improperly selected therapy, there is a high risk of side effects. Prednisone in the form of injections must be injected into the muscles, joints, or in the form of tissue impregnation. It is very important to treat the skin with alcohol before the procedure in order to kill all pathogenic microorganisms.

To relieve painful joints, it is necessary to inject 25-50 mg into large ones, 10 mg into small ones. With a pronounced syndrome, the procedure can be repeated several times. It is very important to evaluate the therapeutic effect after such therapy, in order, if necessary, to either increase the dose of the active substance or change the medicine. In order for the drug to be properly distributed over the joint, after injection it must be repeatedly bent and unbent. Lotions from the solution will also help to reduce painful sensations - they are used to treat small areas of affected surfaces.

To cope with various types of conjunctivitis, injections or instillation of the drug into the eyes will help. This should be done in 1-3 drops three times a day for 2 weeks. To prevent the therapy from bringing any complications or side effects, it is necessary to regularly measure the level of blood pressure and administer anabolic drugs. Also, the doctor should send you once every two weeks for a blood, feces and urine test. During therapy, it is necessary to monitor the water balance in the body, if necessary, take diuretics.

It should be borne in mind that with prolonged use of Prednisolone can cause a decrease in the level of potassium in the blood. To prevent this, it is recommended to follow a special diet and take this macronutrient in pill form. Otherwise, there is a high risk of osteoporosis - damage to bone tissue, which makes it extremely fragile.

Therapeutic dosage

Keep in mind that prescribing a therapeutic dose of Prednisolone, as well as the duration of its use, can only be prescribed by the attending physician. He should familiarize himself with the results of diagnostic studies, and only then prescribe treatment. Injections can be injected into the body by drip or jet, however, in practice, two of these methods are used at once in one procedure.

Disease	Dosage	Duration
Acute adrenal insufficiency	100-200 mg	3 days to 2 weeks
Bronchial asthma	75-675 mg	3 days to 2 weeks
Asthmatic crisis	150-1200 mg	Once
Thyrotoxic crisis	200-300 mg	Week 1
Toxin poisoning	75-400 mg	1-2 weeks
Burns of the respiratory tract and gastrointestinal tract	120-350 mg	Week 1
All kinds of shocks	300-1200 mg	Week 1
Acute renal and hepatic failure	300-1500 mg	Week 1
Rheumatoid arthritis	75-100 mg	Week 1
Acute hepatitis	75-100 mg	10 days

In cases where it is not possible to inject Prednisolone into the bloodstream, it is permissible to inject it intramuscularly. To stop acute conditions, doctors prescribe a tablet form of this medication. To avoid withdrawal syndrome, the end of treatment is accompanied by a reduction in the therapeutic dose. It is strictly forbidden to abruptly stop using this medication - there is a high risk of serious complications.

Despite the generally accepted dosages, Prednisolone treatment should be prescribed exclusively by the attending physician based on the data of extended diagnostics.

Withdrawal syndrome

With prolonged use of Prednisolone injection solution, the body begins to get used to the components. In addition, the drug affects and alters the functioning of the adrenal glands. With a sharp refusal from therapy with this drug, a person may face malaise, increased fatigue, and high body temperature. Such conditions disappear without additional therapy in a few days. However, if high doses of Prednisolone were abruptly canceled, there is a risk of a hypoadrenaline crisis. It can be recognized by increasing convulsions, vomiting and collapse. If you do not provide a person with medical assistance in a timely manner, cardiac arrest due to acute cardiovascular failure is possible.

Contraindications

To reduce the risk of complications from taking Prednisolone, you must always remember that there are contraindications. Even in emergency cases, it is forbidden to inject this injection if there is an increased sensitivity to the components of the drug. You also need to take into account that the drug contains lactose, to which some people have persistent intolerance. With extreme caution, treatment with Prednisolone is permissible in the following cases:

Prednisolone is a drug that has many side effects. To prevent their occurrence, it is necessary to strictly adhere to all the recommendations of the attending physician. The most dangerous are the following consequences:

Decreased glucose tolerance is especially dangerous for people with diabetes. Substances entering the body slow down the liver, which disrupts the production of insulin.
Suppression of adrenal function - this leads to hormonal imbalance. It also inhibits the removal of toxins and toxins from the body.
Itsenko-Cushing's syndrome is a condition that is observed with a powerful change in hormonal levels.
The appearance of nausea, vomiting, pain in the abdomen.
The formation of bleeding inside the gastrointestinal tract: erosive gastritis, perforation of the intestinal walls, ulcers.
Indigestion in the form of changes in appetite, constipation and diarrhea, flatulence.
Aggravation of cardiovascular pathologies.
The appearance of prolonged hiccups.
Changes in the nervous system: TIR, depression, euphoria, paranoia, disorientation.
Frequent seizures, especially at night.
Headaches and dizziness.
Significant increase in pressure inside the eyes.
Increased intraocular pressure, trophic changes in the structure of the cornea.
Hyperhidrosis, the appearance of a specific body odor.
Weight loss, muscle tissue atrophy.
Long-term wound healing.
The formation of acne and stretch marks on the body.
Local allergic reactions.

Part of preparations

Interaction:

Salicylates - an increase in the likelihood of bleeding.

Diuretics are electrolyte metabolism disorders.

Hypoglycemic drugs - reducing the rate at which blood glucose levels decrease.

Cardiac glycosides - the risk of glycosidic intoxication.

Rifampicin - weakening the effect of rifampicin.

Antihypertensive drugs - a decrease in their effectiveness.

Rifampicin, barbiturates and - reducing the effect of the drug.

Reducing the effect of the drug when taken together with somatropin, antacids (reduced absorption).

Increasing the effect of the drug while taking it with estrogen-containing oral contraceptives.

Acetylsalicylic acid - a decrease in the concentration of salicylates in the blood.

Antipsychotics - the risk of developing cataracts.

M-anticholinergics, nitrates - an increase in intraocular pressure.

Special instructions:

During treatment, it is necessary to observe an ophthalmologist, control blood pressure and water-electrolyte balance, and peripheral blood patterns.

For psoriasis, take under the strict supervision of a physician.

In case of diabetes mellitus, use only with absolute indications.

Influence on the ability to drive vehicles and control mechanisms.

Instructions

Prednisolone is a synthetic hormonal drug that has a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect. This remedy can relieve unpleasant symptoms after 2 days, it would seem that it is a panacea for all diseases.

But there is a lot of controversy and debate about its use, citing the side effects of this drug. In this article, we will tell you why Prednisolone is taken, how it works, whether it is prescribed to children and pregnant women, what are the contraindications of the drug, and why it is dangerous.

Properties, action and use of the drug

If the drug is taken for a long time, then the activity of fibroblasts is inhibited, the pooling of not only collagen, but also connective tissue decreases, protein in muscles is destroyed, and protein synthesis in the liver increases.

Due to the inhibition of the growth of lymphocytes with prolonged use, the production of antibodies is suppressed, which has a positive effect on the immunosuppressive and antiallergic properties.

Due to the effect of the drug, the reaction of the vessels to the vasoconstrictor substance increases, because of this, the vascular receptors become more sensitive, the withdrawal of salt and water from the body is stimulated, which affects the anti-shock effect of the drug.

In the liver, protein synthesis is stimulated, the resistance of the cell membrane increases, which leads to a good antitoxic effect.

Due to the intake of Prednisolone, the synthesis of glucose by the liver is enhanced. Increased blood glucose levels increase insulin production.

Prednisolone has the following effects:

It is important to take this remedy correctly, due to erratic use, fat accumulation is observed, calcium absorption by the intestine worsens, its leaching from bones and excretion by the kidneys increases. A high dosage of the drug increases the excitability of the brain, lowers the threshold of convulsive readiness, stimulates the increased secretion of hydrochloric acid and pepsin by the stomach.

Many people are interested in the question of how long the drug lasts. A pill drug naturally takes longer to take effect. The tablets have 2 types of dosage of 1 and 5 mg.

The action of Prednisolone begins from the moment it enters the circulatory system from the gastrointestinal tract and forms a bond with proteins. If the blood contains less protein, then Prednisolone has a negative effect on the body as a whole, therefore, when treating with this remedy, regular blood monitoring is necessary.

On average, the drug has an active effect 1.5 hours after its use, which continues throughout the day, after which it decomposes in the liver and is excreted by the kidneys and intestines. Prednisolone injections with intramuscular administration begins to act after 15 minutes, with intravenous administration - within 3-5 minutes.

In tablets

The medicine in the form of tablets is effective in the following conditions:

Prednisolone helps with severe allergic diseases, such as:

Bronchitis.
Bronchial asthma.
Eczema.
Anaphylactic shock.

Take Prednisolone for diseases that are associated with a low production of corticosteroids, for example:

Disruption of the adrenal glands.
Addison's disease.
Adrenogenital syndrome.

Somatic indications for taking this remedy:

In injections

Indications for the administration of Prednisolone injections are associated with severe conditions that require urgent help. Injections are administered both intramuscularly and intravenously under the following conditions:

Swelling of the brain.
Shock state.
Insufficiency of the adrenal glands.
Toxic crisis.
Laryngeal edema.
Poisoning.

Local application

Indications for topical use are as follows:

Prednisone during pregnancy is correct to use only in cases where the need for use for a woman is higher than the possible risk for the baby. This agent passes through the placental barrier and has an effect on the fetus, and the dosage is selected individually based on the patient's condition.

Indications for the appointment of Prednisolone for bronchitis

Prednisolone is good for chronic bronchitis, which is complicated by obstruction. Of course, this drug is a serious remedy, but when bronchodilatory therapy does not give an effect, this drug is prescribed in tablets against the background of continuous treatment with bronchodilatory drugs.

In chronic bronchitis, burdened by fever, Prednisolone is used for a long time. Only then can you count on a successful result.

Many people are afraid to use this drug, of course, this is a serious medicine, but with its help you can quickly remove the obstruction and return to your usual way of life.

Dosage, side effects and contraindications of Prednisolone

However, it is important to drink most of it in the morning. In order for the side effects to have a minimal effect on the gastrointestinal tract, you need to drink the tablets during meals, with a small amount of water. The following guidelines must be followed:

The intervals between dose reduction should be no more than 3 days, if the use of the drug was prolonged, then the daily dose should be reduced more slowly.

You can not abruptly discontinue therapy with Prednisolone, the cancellation should occur more slowly than its appointment.

If during therapy with this agent there was an exacerbation of the disease, an allergic manifestation, surgery, stress load, then the dosage of the drug must be increased by 2-3 times, namely:

In critical situations, the injection can be repeated after half an hour.

Eye drops Prednisolone for adults is instilled 2 drops three times, for children 1 drop. Local application of the ointment is possible 1 to 3 times with a thin layer on the damaged area of \u200b\u200bthe skin.

Prednisolone, like all drugs, has contraindications for its use, namely:

The drug has an effective effect on the body as a whole, but it is combined with a considerable number of undesirable effects. Below we will consider the most famous side effects that affect many systems.

Endocrine system

This remedy causes disturbances on the part of the endocrine gland, manifested in the form of destruction of proteins that are used to obtain glucose by the body, this has a negative effect on metabolic processes. Long-term use of Prednisolone leads to a lack of protein in the blood. Due to this, the body produces harmful progesterone.

If there is a lack of protein in the plasma, then the children experience a growth disorder and a failure in sexual development.

Against the background of endocrine system disorders, the level of sugar in the blood rises, which, of course, has a negative effect on people with diabetes. At the same time, fats are formed, deposited in the tissues, which leads to excess weight.

There is a violation of the mineral balance, there is an excessive withdrawal of calcium and potassium, as a result of which there is an accumulation of salts and water. All this leads to the formation of edema, thinning of the bones. If you take Prednisolone for a long time, then in women there is a failure of the menstrual cycle, and in men there is a violation of sexual function.

Of cardio-vascular system

Violations of the cardiovascular system. Due to the elimination of potassium from the body, the myocardium often suffers, which leads to a failure of the heart rhythm. Too slow rhythm may develop, leading to cardiac arrest, heart failure develops, and blood stagnation forms in the vessels. The situation is aggravated by the retention of water and sodium in the body, which leads to the formation of more blood volume and to an increase in stagnation.

Nervous system

Often, while taking this drug, there is a violation of the nervous system, which leads to an increase in pressure, vasospasm. All this causes blood clots - the main cause of strokes and heart attacks. Therefore, in people with heart attacks, there is a slow scar tissue.

Side effects from the nervous system affect spasms of blood vessels, stagnation of blood vessels, which leads to headaches, increased brain pressure, insomnia, convulsions, and dizziness.

Other systems

Long-term use of Prednisolone also has a negative effect on:

Prednisolone is a rather serious drug that is prescribed in difficult cases when therapy with other methods does not give the desired results.

Due to the fact that it has many side effects, the drug should not be consumed for a long time. The dosage of the drug, the duration of the therapeutic course and the end time of the course should be performed according to the formula developed for the individual patient, based on his body characteristics.

Prednisolone belongs to a group of synthetic hormonal drugs that are used to eliminate inflammation. The pharmacological drug quickly reduces the severity of symptoms, significantly accelerates the recovery of patients. But with prolonged use of high doses of a glucocorticosteroid, side effects of Prednisolone appear - an increase in blood pressure, destruction of bone tissue, an increase in body weight. To avoid the development of such negative consequences, all medical recommendations should be followed, including proper nutrition during the intake and withdrawal of the drug.

Characteristic features of the drug

The adrenal cortex produces the hormone hydrocortisone, which regulates the functioning of many human vital systems. Prednisolone is an artificial analogue of this glucocorticosteroid, which surpasses it by several times in strength. Such a high therapeutic efficiency also has a negative side, which is expressed in the occurrence of serious consequences for the patient's body.

Manufacturers release the drug in various dosage forms, each of which is designed to treat a specific disease. On the shelves of pharmacies, Prednisolone is presented in the form of:

eye drops 0.5%;
solutions for 30 mg / ml and 15 mg / ml used for intravenous, intramuscular and intra-articular administration;
tablets containing 1 and 5 mg of active ingredient;
0.5% ointment for external use.

Warning: Lack of medical supervision while taking Prednisolone will cause the development of protein deficiency in the systemic circulation. This will lead to the production of excess amounts of progesterone and the manifestation of its toxic properties.

Endocrinologists, ophthalmologists, allergists and neuropathologists prescribe a glucocorticosteroid only in cases where the use of other drugs has not brought the required results. During treatment, patients regularly donate biological samples for laboratory tests. If the use of Prednisolone provoked negative changes in the work of the cardiovascular or endocrine system, then the drug is discontinued or the daily and single doses used are adjusted by the attending physician.

Pharmacological action of the drug

Regardless of the method of using Prednisolone, a powerful anti-inflammatory effect is manifested immediately after the penetration of the active substance of the drug into the human body. Several biochemical mechanisms are involved in its development:

The drug suppresses the action of an enzyme that acts as a catalyst for special chemical reactions. Their end products are prostaglandins, synthesized from arachidonic acid and related to inflammatory mediators. Prednisolone blocking phospholipase A2 manifests itself in the relief of pain, swelling and hyperemia;
After a foreign protein enters the human body, the immune system is activated. To eliminate the allergic agent, special white blood cells and macrophages are produced. But in patients with systemic diseases, the immune system gives a distorted response, reacting negatively to the body's own proteins. The action of Prednisolone is to suppress the accumulation of cellular structures that provide the occurrence of an inflammatory process in the tissues;
The immune system's response to the introduction of an allergic reaction agent is the production of immunoglobulins by lymphocytes and plasma cells. Specific receptors bind antibodies, which leads to the development of inflammation for the removal of foreign proteins from the body. The use of Prednisolone prevents the development of events in such a negative scenario for patients with systemic pathologies;
The therapeutic properties of a glucocorticosteroid include immunosuppression, or a decrease in the functional activity of the immune system. Such an artificial state, provoked by the intake of Prednisolone, is necessary for the successful therapy of patients with systemic diseases - rheumatoid arthritis, severe forms of eczema and psoriasis.

With prolonged use of any dosage form of the drug, water and sodium ions begin to be intensively absorbed in the kidney tubules. Protein catabolism gradually increases, and destructive and degenerative changes occur in the bone tissue. The negative consequences of treatment with Prednisolone include an increase in glucose levels in the bloodstream, which is closely related to the redistribution of fat in the subcutaneous tissue. All this causes a decrease in the production of adrenocorticotropic hormone by the pituitary gland and, as a result, a decrease in the functional activity of the adrenal glands.

Warning: For the full recovery of the patient's body after the use of Prednisolone, it often takes several months, during which doctors prescribe additional medications and adherence to a sparing diet.

During the reception and withdrawal of Prednisolone, constant laboratory monitoring of changes in blood composition is carried out

When you need to take a glucocorticosteroid

Despite the many side effects of Prednisolone, it is the first choice for most patients with systemic diseases. The negative consequence of taking it is suppression of the activity of the immune system, in this case it leads to long-term remission of the pathology. Prednisolone has a high therapeutic efficiency in the treatment of the following diseases:

anaphylactic shock, angioedema Quincke, serum sickness;
rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis;
acute gouty arthritis, dermatomyositis, systemic vasculitis, mesoarteritis, periarteritis nodosa;
pemphigus, mycotic skin lesions, seborrheic and exfoliative dermatitis, bullous dermatitis herpetiformis;
hemolysis, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, congenital aplastic anemia.

Prednisolone is included by doctors in therapeutic regimens for malignant neoplasms, chronic hepatitis of various etiologies, leukemia, and tuberculous meningitis. The drug is also used to prevent the immune system from rejecting grafts.

Since a hormonal agent is prescribed only for the treatment of serious pathologies that are difficult to treat with other medications, there are few contraindications to taking it:

individual sensitivity to the main substance and auxiliary ingredients;
infections provoked by pathogenic fungi.

Prednisolone is prescribed only for life-threatening conditions for patients with ulcerative lesions of the gastrointestinal tract, certain endocrine pathologies, as well as for pregnant women and women who are breastfeeding.

Side effects of the drug

In the process of research, a relationship was established between taking certain doses of Prednisolone and the number of side effects that occur. The drug, taken in a small dose for a long time, provoked fewer negative effects compared to using large doses for a short period. Patients were diagnosed with the following side effects of Prednisolone:

hirsutism;
hypokalemia, glucosuria, hyperglycemia;
impotence;
depression, confusion;
delirium, hallucinations;
emotional instability.

Taking a course of a drug often causes increased fatigue, weakness, drowsiness or insomnia. A decrease in the functional activity of the immune system leads to frequent relapses of chronic pathologies, viral and bacterial infectious diseases.

Recommendation: The side effects of Prednisolone can occur all at once, but more often occur gradually. You should immediately inform your doctor about this. He will correlate the severity of side effects with the need to take a glucocorticosteroid, discontinue the drug, or recommend continuing therapy.

The cardiovascular system

Long-term use of high doses of Prednisolone provokes the accumulation of fluid in the tissues. This condition leads to a narrowing of the diameter of the blood vessels and an increase in blood pressure. Hypertension gradually develops, usually systolic, often accompanied by persistent heart failure. These pathologies of the cardiovascular system were diagnosed in more than 10% of patients taking a glucocorticosteroid drug.

Endocrine system

The use of Prednisolone often causes addiction to glucose and an increase in its content in serum. People who are genetically predisposed or prone to developing diabetes mellitus are at risk. Therefore, this endocrine pathology refers to contraindications for taking a glucocorticosteroid. It can be assigned to such patients only for vital signs. It is possible to prevent a decrease in the functional activity of the adrenal glands by gradually decreasing the dose of Prednisolone and reducing the frequency of its use.

Gastrointestinal tract

The use of a glucocorticosteroid in the treatment of various pathologies is contraindicated in patients with ulcerative lesions of the stomach and (or) duodenum. Long-term use of Prednisolone can provoke destructive and degenerative changes in the mucous membranes and deeper layers of the gastrointestinal tract. Also, solutions for parenteral administration and tablets cause dyspeptic disorders - nausea, bouts of vomiting, excessive gas formation. There have been cases of pancreatitis, ulcer perforation and intestinal bleeding.

Locomotor apparatus

In patients who took Prednisolone for a long time, the consequences were expressed in the form of myopathy. It is a chronic, progressive neuromuscular disease characterized by primary muscle damage. In humans, weakness and depletion of the proximal muscles occurs due to impaired absorption of calcium in the intestine, a trace element necessary for optimal functioning of the musculoskeletal system. This process is reversible - the severity of myopathy symptoms decreases after the end of Prednisolone intake.

Withdrawal syndrome

Abrupt withdrawal of Prednisolone can provoke serious consequences up to the development of collapse and even coma. Therefore, doctors always inform patients about the inadmissibility of skipping a glucocorticosteroid or unauthorized termination of treatment. The appointment of high daily dosages often leads to improper functioning of the adrenal cortex. When the drug is canceled, the doctor recommends that the patient take vitamins C and E to stimulate the work of these paired organs of the endocrine system.

The dangerous consequences that occur after stopping Prednisolone therapy also include:

return of symptoms of pathology, including pain syndrome;
headaches;
sharp fluctuations in body weight;
deterioration in mood;
dyspeptic disorders.

In this case, the patient should resume taking the drug for several weeks, and then, under the supervision of a doctor, gradually reduce the single and daily dosages. During the cancellation of Prednisolone, the doctor monitors the main indicators: body temperature, blood pressure. The most informative tests include laboratory tests of blood and urine.

Proper nutrition allows you to avoid the occurrence of negative consequences from taking Prednisolone

Prednisolone is a systemic and topical hormone-based drug with a moderate duration of action. It is an analogue of the hormone hydrocortisone synthesized by the adrenal glands.

The active substance of the medication is several times more active than the natural hormone. The drug extinguishes an allergic reaction or prevents its occurrence, has an anti-inflammatory and anti-shock effect, reduces the activity of the immune system.

Article outline:

Prednisolone - what is it?

Prednisolone is a synthetic drug based on glucocorticosteroids.

It has an anti-allergic effect, suppresses the activity of the immune system, quenches the inflammatory reaction, makes beta-adrenergic receptors more sensitive to phenylethylamines.

It actively participates in the transformation of metabolic processes in the body. How does the drug affect metabolism?

Chemical composition and dosage forms

Prednisolone is available from many pharmaceutical companies. In preparations from different manufacturers, the concentration of the active substance is the same, but the auxiliary components may differ. Prednisolone is available in four dosage forms.

What is Prednisolone prescribed for?

What are the pills and the injectable solutions used for? With the help of these dosage forms, the following diseases are cured:

Injections of the drug are made in critical situations: with severe symptoms of allergy or anaphylactic shock. Through injections, the medicine is administered to the patient for several days, then pills must be taken.

The drug in tablet form is often prescribed for bronchitis and bronchial asthma, and it also contributes to the successful engraftment of grafts.

What is Prednisolone ointment prescribed for? An external agent is used to eliminate allergic dermatitis and inflammatory skin pathologies of non-infectious origin. The following diseases are cured with the help of the ointment:

neurodermatitis;
psoriasis;
eczema;
discoid lupus;
all types of dermatitis;
various types of rashes;
toxidermia.

What are Prednisolone eye drops prescribed for? Drops are used to eliminate eye inflammation of non-infectious origin. The following eye diseases are treated with the drug:

conjunctivitis of an allergic nature;
iritis;
uveitis;
keratitis;
scleritis;
blepharitis;
ophthalmia.

Instructions for the use of tablets

With hormone replacement therapy, adult patients should take 4 - 6 tablets per day, with maintenance therapy - 1 - 2 tablets.

In some cases, the daily dose may be 100 mg of the active ingredient, that is, 20 tablets is the maximum.

The dosage for children is selected by the pediatrician, it is determined by the age of the child and the intensity of the pathological process.

Usually infants from two months to a year per day are assigned 0.15 mg of active ingredient per kilogram of body weight, this amount is divided into three doses. Children under 14 years old take 1 mg of active ingredient per kilogram of body weight per day.

It is advisable to take the drug in the morning. It is impossible to abruptly end the use of the medicine, the daily dose should be reduced gradually.

Due to the abrupt withdrawal of the medication, renal failure may occur.

After the first week of taking the drug, the daily dose is reduced by 20%, during the second week, the daily dose must be reduced by 2 mg.

Instructions for using the ointment

Sick skin is smeared with ointment three times a day. The minimum therapeutic course is 5 days, the maximum is 2 weeks.

Instructions for using the injection solution

The medicine is injected into the muscles or veins. The daily dose for an adult patient is from 4 to 60 mg of active ingredient. For children, a medicinal solution is injected into the buttock, the dosage and duration of treatment are set by the doctor. Usually, babies from 6 to 12 years old are prescribed 25 mg of the active ingredient per day, children from 12 years old - up to 50 mg.

Pharmacokinetics

The tablet quickly breaks down in the intestines, the active substance is completely in the blood an hour and a half after ingestion. The metabolism of the active substance is carried out through a combination with sulfuric and glucuronic acids, mainly in the liver, to a small extent in the kidneys.

The used substance is excreted in the urine and bile.

Application during pregnancy, childhood and old age

What effect does Prednisolone have on the body of pregnant women, the elderly and children?

During pregnancy, especially in the early stages, the use of the drug is allowed only in extreme cases. Glucocorticosteroids can accumulate in breast milk, so the use of medication is prohibited during lactation.
In older people, taking glucocorticosteroids is often accompanied by severe side effects.
In children, glucocorticosteroid drugs can slow growth. Therefore, pediatricians prescribe Prednisolone in a shortened course in the minimum effective dose.

Why is the drug harmful?

Since Prednisolone is a hormonal agent, it begins to act a few days after the first dose. The patient is forced to take the medicine for a long time, which inevitably leads to side effects.

Prednisolone causes quite serious harm to the body: it suppresses the immune system, negatively affects the work of the cardiovascular, endocrine, reproductive, digestive, and central nervous systems. The consequences of drug treatment are as follows:

hypokalemia;
arrhythmia;
bradycardia;
thromboembolism;
heart failure;
hyperglycemia;
arterial hypertension;
glycosuria;
muscle cramps;
psychosis;
hypercortisolism;
increased intracranial pressure;
oppression of the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, adrenal glands.

Contraindications

Since the drug has multiple side effects, it is forbidden to take it to numerous categories of patients. Prednisolone is contraindicated in:

peptic ulcer;
renal and hepatic failure;
poliomyelitis;
syphilis;
tuberculosis;
diabetes mellitus;
hypertension;
viral skin and eye diseases;
depression and mental disorders;
myopathy;
herpes;
lymphadenitis;
osteoporosis;
hypercortisolism;
deep mycosis;
cataracts and glaucoma.

Injections should not be given if the injection sites are infected.